progradeadj.

Brit.

/ˈprəʊɡreɪd/, U.S.

/ˈproʊˌɡreɪd/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pro- prefix¹, -grade comb. form.

Etymology: < pro- prefix¹ + -grade comb. form, after retrograde adj.

1. Originally, of a planet or its motion: proceeding in the same direction as the sun around the ecliptic, i.e. from west to east as seen from the northern hemisphere; anticlockwise as seen from north of the ecliptic (= direct adj. 3). Later also: that is in the prevalent, same, or forward direction. Opposed to retrograde.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > planet > planetary movement > [adjective] > direct motion

directc1400

progressional1570

profectional1580

prograde1707

1707 J. Dunton Pulpit-fool 61 The Cock-brain'd Multitude; Who like themselves, are Planet-struck and vary, Prograde, and Retrograde, ne'er Stationary.

a1821 S. T. Coleridge Marginalia (1998) IV. 521 The Pro- and Retro-grade Comets.

1941 Lancet 6 Sept. 277/1 The intragastric angle of view of the objective..becomes retrograde when the instrument is curled forwards and prograde when it is bent backwards.

1963 Science 13 Sept. 1045/3 A direction opposite to the direction of motion of the heat pulse (that is, retrograde in respect to the pulse and prograde in respect to the earth's rotation).

1992 Astron. Now July 45/1 It circles the sun every 5.1 years with a prograde orbit, that is in the same direction as the Earth.

2003 Physical Rev. Lett. 91 244501 The direction of the drift is prograde..for cells with..rising motion in the center of the convection cell.

2. Medicine. = anterograde adj. 2.

ΚΠ

1959 Times 12 Sept. 4/5 You could not, as a doctor of your experience, confuse retrograde with prograde amnesia in such circumstances?

1976 Science 23 July 338/3 In humans, removal of the medial temporal lobe produces a retrograde amnesia affecting several months before the surgery and a permanent prograde amnesia.

2001 P. J. Benton in J. N. Zuckerman Princ. & Pract. Trav. Med. iv. xvi. 268 A head injury is considered to be severe if any of the following are or have been present... Any period of prograde amnesia.

3. Geology. Of a metamorphic change: resulting from an increase in temperature or pressure.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [adjective] > progradation

prograding1910

prograded1916

prograde1966

1966 Science 29 July 529/1 Local isotope gradients attributable to both prograde and retrograde metamorphism are observable.

1977 A. Hallam Planet Earth 174 The metamorphism of sedimentary rocks..involves the production of water vapor, carbon dioxide and other gaseous substances... This type of metamorphism is called prograde metamorphism.

1993 Jrnl. Petrol. 34 23 In hydrothermal models with such permeabilities, large-scale circulation of meteoric fluids develops after prograde metamorphism ceases.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

progradev.

Brit.

/prəʊˈɡreɪd/, U.S.

/proʊˈɡreɪd/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pro- prefix¹, grade v.²

Etymology: < pro- prefix¹ + grade v.² Compare retrograde v.

Physical Geography.

1. intransitive. Of a shore or shoreline: to grow or advance outwards through the accumulation of sediment, to undergo progradation.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [verb (intransitive)] > prograde

prograde1909

1909 W. M. Davis in Geogr. Jrnl. 34 303 The strand-plain broadens a little opposite each valley, for now that the shore-line is prograding, the rivers have opportunity of building their deposits forward.

1929 H. Meredith East Anglia ii. 63 Its beach progrades in inverse proportion to the retrograding of the Ness itself.

1954 W. D. Thornbury Princ. Geomorphol. xvii. 443 Beach features are particularly ephemeral forms along a retrograding shore line, but along a shore line that is advancing seaward or is prograding they may be semipermanent.

1990 P. Kearey & F. J. Vine Global Tectonics vii. 139 If local conditions are correct, a large delta will form which progrades progressively oceanward.

2. transitive. To cause to grow or advance by progradation.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [verb (transitive)] > prograde

redeem1671

prograde1909

1909 W. M. Davis in Geogr. Jrnl. 34 303 After having maturely retrograded the cliffs, the waves have prograded the strand-plain.

1939 R. R. D. Revelle & F. P. Shepard in P. D. Trask Rec. Marine Sediments iv. 279 The coarse material carried to the sea by rivers may temporarily prograde the shore, forming deltas.

1994 Amer. Antiq. 59 226 Since the beginning of the Holocene these surfaces have remained stable except where either fans or tributary stream overbank deposits have prograded them.

Derivatives

proˈgraded adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [adjective] > progradation

prograding1910

prograded1916

prograde1966

1916 Sci. Monthly Apr. 321 Reefs thus formed should tend to become broad and continuous, with marks of outward growth in the form of prograded beach ridges.

1992 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 338 260/1 Opposite large ice streams..the outer shelf and slope comprise a thick wedge of prograded glacial sediments.

proˈgrading n. and adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [noun] > progradation

progradation1909

prograding1910

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [adjective] > progradation

prograding1910

prograded1916

prograde1966

1910 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 18 166 The prograding of the shore beyond the headland.

1919 D. W. Johnson Shore Processes v. 223 Following Davis we may call any shore which is experiencing such a long-continued advance into the sea, a prograding shore, and distinguish it from the more usual retreating or retrograding shore.

1940 Geogr. Jrnl. 96 261 Occasional deep lows..are scattered about amongst the shingle. They were usually found during rapid prograding to the lee of bends.

1992 Geol. Mag. 129 559/1 This formation presumably represents a series of prograding sands in response to the eustatic rebound at the base of the Arenig.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	prograde
释义	progradeadj. Brit. /ˈprəʊɡreɪd/, U.S. /ˈproʊˌɡreɪd/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pro- prefix¹, -grade comb. form. Etymology: < pro- prefix¹ + -grade comb. form, after retrograde adj. 1. Originally, of a planet or its motion: proceeding in the same direction as the sun around the ecliptic, i.e. from west to east as seen from the northern hemisphere; anticlockwise as seen from north of the ecliptic (= direct adj. 3). Later also: that is in the prevalent, same, or forward direction. Opposed to retrograde. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > planet > planetary movement > [adjective] > direct motion directc1400 progressional1570 profectional1580 prograde1707 1707 J. Dunton Pulpit-fool 61 The Cock-brain'd Multitude; Who like themselves, are Planet-struck and vary, Prograde, and Retrograde, ne'er Stationary. a1821 S. T. Coleridge Marginalia (1998) IV. 521 The Pro- and Retro-grade Comets. 1941 Lancet 6 Sept. 277/1 The intragastric angle of view of the objective..becomes retrograde when the instrument is curled forwards and prograde when it is bent backwards. 1963 Science 13 Sept. 1045/3 A direction opposite to the direction of motion of the heat pulse (that is, retrograde in respect to the pulse and prograde in respect to the earth's rotation). 1992 Astron. Now July 45/1 It circles the sun every 5.1 years with a prograde orbit, that is in the same direction as the Earth. 2003 Physical Rev. Lett. 91 244501 The direction of the drift is prograde..for cells with..rising motion in the center of the convection cell. 2. Medicine. = anterograde adj. 2. ΚΠ 1959 Times 12 Sept. 4/5 You could not, as a doctor of your experience, confuse retrograde with prograde amnesia in such circumstances? 1976 Science 23 July 338/3 In humans, removal of the medial temporal lobe produces a retrograde amnesia affecting several months before the surgery and a permanent prograde amnesia. 2001 P. J. Benton in J. N. Zuckerman Princ. & Pract. Trav. Med. iv. xvi. 268 A head injury is considered to be severe if any of the following are or have been present... Any period of prograde amnesia. 3. Geology. Of a metamorphic change: resulting from an increase in temperature or pressure. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [adjective] > progradation prograding1910 prograded1916 prograde1966 1966 Science 29 July 529/1 Local isotope gradients attributable to both prograde and retrograde metamorphism are observable. 1977 A. Hallam Planet Earth 174 The metamorphism of sedimentary rocks..involves the production of water vapor, carbon dioxide and other gaseous substances... This type of metamorphism is called prograde metamorphism. 1993 Jrnl. Petrol. 34 23 In hydrothermal models with such permeabilities, large-scale circulation of meteoric fluids develops after prograde metamorphism ceases. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). progradev. Brit. /prəʊˈɡreɪd/, U.S. /proʊˈɡreɪd/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pro- prefix¹, grade v.² Etymology: < pro- prefix¹ + grade v.² Compare retrograde v. Physical Geography. 1. intransitive. Of a shore or shoreline: to grow or advance outwards through the accumulation of sediment, to undergo progradation. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [verb (intransitive)] > prograde prograde1909 1909 W. M. Davis in Geogr. Jrnl. 34 303 The strand-plain broadens a little opposite each valley, for now that the shore-line is prograding, the rivers have opportunity of building their deposits forward. 1929 H. Meredith East Anglia ii. 63 Its beach progrades in inverse proportion to the retrograding of the Ness itself. 1954 W. D. Thornbury Princ. Geomorphol. xvii. 443 Beach features are particularly ephemeral forms along a retrograding shore line, but along a shore line that is advancing seaward or is prograding they may be semipermanent. 1990 P. Kearey & F. J. Vine Global Tectonics vii. 139 If local conditions are correct, a large delta will form which progrades progressively oceanward. 2. transitive. To cause to grow or advance by progradation. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [verb (transitive)] > prograde redeem1671 prograde1909 1909 W. M. Davis in Geogr. Jrnl. 34 303 After having maturely retrograded the cliffs, the waves have prograded the strand-plain. 1939 R. R. D. Revelle & F. P. Shepard in P. D. Trask Rec. Marine Sediments iv. 279 The coarse material carried to the sea by rivers may temporarily prograde the shore, forming deltas. 1994 Amer. Antiq. 59 226 Since the beginning of the Holocene these surfaces have remained stable except where either fans or tributary stream overbank deposits have prograded them. Derivatives proˈgraded adj. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [adjective] > progradation prograding1910 prograded1916 prograde1966 1916 Sci. Monthly Apr. 321 Reefs thus formed should tend to become broad and continuous, with marks of outward growth in the form of prograded beach ridges. 1992 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 338 260/1 Opposite large ice streams..the outer shelf and slope comprise a thick wedge of prograded glacial sediments. proˈgrading n. and adj. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [noun] > progradation progradation1909 prograding1910 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [adjective] > progradation prograding1910 prograded1916 prograde1966 1910 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 18 166 The prograding of the shore beyond the headland. 1919 D. W. Johnson Shore Processes v. 223 Following Davis we may call any shore which is experiencing such a long-continued advance into the sea, a prograding shore, and distinguish it from the more usual retreating or retrograding shore. 1940 Geogr. Jrnl. 96 261 Occasional deep lows..are scattered about amongst the shingle. They were usually found during rapid prograding to the lee of bends. 1992 Geol. Mag. 129 559/1 This formation presumably represents a series of prograding sands in response to the eustatic rebound at the base of the Arenig. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1707v.1909
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