primevaladj.n.

Brit.

/prʌɪˈmiːvl/, U.S.

/praɪˈmiv(ə)l/

Forms: 1600s– primaeval, 1600s– primeval.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin prīmaevus , -al suffix¹.

Etymology: < classical Latin prīmaevus primeve adj. + -al suffix¹. Compare earlier primeve adj.

A. adj.

Primal, original, primitive; spec. of or relating to the earliest history of the world.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [adjective] > primitive or early

earlyOE

formerc1374

primordiala1398

primec1429

primer1448

primitivea1475

pristinate1531

prisk1533

pristine1534

primordiate1599

primigenial1602

primitial1602

primigenie1615

primigenious1620

primigene1623

primogenious1625

primogeniala1631

primevea1640

primogenian1650

pristinary1652

primeval1653

primevous1656

protogeneous1660

primigenous1677

primo-primitive1678

antediluvian1705

priscal1831

archaic1833

primigenian1847

Palaeozoic1863

priscan1870

aboriginary1993

α.

1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 2nd Bk. Wks. ii. 33 The primeval origin [Fr. origine primeve] of my aves and ataves, was indigenarie of the Lemonick regions, where requiesceth the corpor of the hagiotat St. Martial.

1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 111 First, of poysons, their primeval origine from minerals, and their accidental generation in vegetable and animal bodies.

a1711 T. Ken Psyche v, in Wks. (1721) IV. 293 Primeval Night and Chaos would re-spread Nature untun'd, should Love continue dead.

1775 G. Stuart tr. J. L. de Lolme Constit. Eng. i. i. 25 The principle of primeval equality.

1840 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 6) I. i. xiii. 320 Gneiss and granite..were generated..in a primeval state of the globe.

1858 Edinb. Rev. July 9 It presented on its surface the grainy ripple of primeval seas.

1904 R. Rodd Sir W. Raleigh ii. 23 Ireland..remained abandoned to the savagery of the primeval Celt.

1934 R. C. Priebsch & W. E. Collinson German Lang. i. 17 The ‘cradle’ or primeval home (Urheimat) of the Indo-Europeans and their physical characteristics are still matters of controversy.

1980 P. J. E. Peebles Large-Scale Structure of Universe vi. 379 Opinions on what the universe might have been like at high redshift span the range from primeval chaos..to a universe quite precisely homogeneous and isotropic.

β. 1662 H. More Coll. Several Philos. Writings (ed. 2) Pref. Gen. 24 It is very plain that the primæval Ages of the Church had no ill conceit of the opinion of the Soul's Præexistence.1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 570 That philosophy endeavours to raise the mind to the consideration of eternal and primæval notions.1729 A. Pope Dunciad (new ed.) iii. 78 With Night Primæval, and with Chaos old.1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. xi. 100 They sate down to hunt the slipper... Every person may not be acquainted with this primaeval pastime.1817 J. Bentham Chrestomathia Pt. II 333 The primæval or inerudite analysis:—a logical analysis performed upon physical wholes.1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest II. vii. 145 (note) These two remarkable monuments of primæval times.1934 E. Pound ABC of Reading 183 The plenum of letters is not bounded by primaeval exclusivity.1990 A. S. Byatt Possession xii. 213 Here everything seems primaeval—the formation of the rocks, the heaving and tossing of the full sea.

B. n.

A person who or thing which exists in a primeval state.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [noun] > primitiveness or primevalness

primevity1610

primeness1611

primevalness1727

primitivity1759

primeval1826

primitiveness1856

primalism1872

primordialism1879

primevalism1893

1826 T. Hood Recipe for Civilization in Whims & Oddities 19 But, the naked truth is, stark primevals, That said their prayers to timber devils.

1864 R. W. Dixon Hist. Odes & Other Poems 101 Such elemental dew as might contain The four primævals in its purple grain.

1912 Charleroi (Pa.) Mail 29 July 2/2 The primevals at least had the advantage of not having so many reasons for spending money.

1927 E. Lewis Trader Horn 301 Like children calling for someone to answer when the house is too quiet. They fear stillness like all primevals.

1999 Copley News Service (Nexis) 26 Aug. Their enemy, a tribe of pagan primevals who dress up like bears and cannibalize their victims.

Compounds

primeval forest n. a very old or ancient forest, esp. one in a natural state, untouched by agriculture or industry.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [noun] > wooded land > types of

ripplelOE

wildwooda1122

rough1332

firth?a1400

tod stripec1446

osiard1509

bush1523

bush-ground1523

fritha1552

island1638

oak landc1658

pinelandc1658

piney wood1666

broom-land1707

pine barrenc1721

pine savannah1735

savannah1735

thick woods1754

scrub-land1779

olive wood1783

primeval forest1789

open wood1790

strong woods1792

scrub1805

oak flata1816

sertão1816

sprout-land1824

flatwoods1841

bush-land1842

tall timber1845

amber forest1846

caatinga1846

mahogany scrub1846

bush-flat1847

myall country1847

national forest1848

selva1849

monte1851

virgin forest1851

bush-country1855

savannah forest1874

bush-range1879

bushveld1879

protection forest1889

mulga1896

wood-bush1896

shinnery1901

fringing forest1903

monsoon forest1903

rainforest1903

savannah woodland1903

thorn forest1903

tropical rainforest1903

gallery forest1920

cloud forest1922

rain jungle1945

mato1968

1789 J. F. Stanfield Guinea Voy. ii. 12 High, where primeval forests shade the land, And in majestic, solemn, order stand.

1837 C. Darwin Let. 20 Sept. in Corr. (1986) II. 48 I never saw a primeval forest that was not an impenetrable jungle.

1900 Knowledge 1 Mar. 67/1 On the clearances amid the dense and luxuriant primeval forest..dwell a number of interesting aboriginal wild tribes.

2002 Independent (Nexis) 24 Aug. 10 Pausing to point out an oak tree that is 500 years old, not uncommon in this untouched primeval forest.

Derivatives

priˈmevalism n. = primevalness n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [noun] > primitiveness or primevalness

primevity1610

primeness1611

primevalness1727

primitivity1759

primeval1826

primitiveness1856

primalism1872

primordialism1879

primevalism1893

1893 Times 26 Oct. 13/6 Before we left carriage and modern life to go on foot back into medievalism, and even primevalism, we passed through a bit of modern life at the foot of the forest.

1899 F. R. Stockton Associate Hermits 22 I had visions of forests and wilds..and a general air of primevalism.

1961 Mod. Lang. Notes 76 68 Melville's early primitivism becomes primevalism.

2003 Washington Post (Nexis) 2 Feb. t3 This sense of wild, boundless incompleteness, eternally teetering between greatness and primevalism, strikes even the most casual visitor to Russia.

priˈmevally adv. in a primeval manner; (also) in the first age of the world.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > [adverb] > at first, originally, or primitively

principally1389

forthmostc1450

primarily1601

primordially1603

primitively1607

originarily1610

fontallya1617

originallya1620

primevallya1711

at or after the first brush1815

archetypally1854

a1711 T. Ken Urania in Wks. (1721) IV. 475 Sweet Poetry..From God primevally it streams.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. xlvi. 317 With regard to the æra of the commencement of the race of mankind, or how this globe primevally was peopled, are points which I must confess are to me inscrutable.

1839 Lady Lytton Cheveley iii How gloriously, how primevally beautiful, is just this one favoured spot!

1879 Littell's Living Age 26 July 211/1 Miracles were preordained, and being primevally existent, at whatever time they were wrought, nature was not disturbed by them.

1929 A. B. E. Cator in Hoghunters' Ann. 52 Man is primævally a killer; by the word man I mean a real man, not the long haired poodle faking, over dressed idiot, all too common at home in these post-war days.

2005 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 3 May e2 His job was to make his instrument squeal, howl and moan primevally.

priˈmevalness n. the quality of being primeval; primitiveness.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [noun] > primitiveness or primevalness

primevity1610

primeness1611

primevalness1727

primitivity1759

primeval1826

primitiveness1856

primalism1872

primordialism1879

primevalism1893

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Primevalness.

1856 D. Shepherd Saratoga 369 Mossy trees hung solemn and shadowy above him; there was rudeness, savageness, primevalness around him.

1971 D. Crystal Linguistics ii. 49 What evidence there was about language-history..militated against acceptance of even the most basic assumptions used in the arguments about primevalness.

2002 Scotsman (Nexis) 24 June 4 What is it about ferns? Perhaps, like the constancy of numbers and elements he finds so comforting, it is their reassuring primevalness.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	primeval
释义	primevaladj.n. Brit. /prʌɪˈmiːvl/, U.S. /praɪˈmiv(ə)l/ Forms: 1600s– primaeval, 1600s– primeval. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin prīmaevus , -al suffix¹. Etymology: < classical Latin prīmaevus primeve adj. + -al suffix¹. Compare earlier primeve adj. A. adj. Primal, original, primitive; spec. of or relating to the earliest history of the world. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [adjective] > primitive or early earlyOE formerc1374 primordiala1398 primec1429 primer1448 primitivea1475 pristinate1531 prisk1533 pristine1534 primordiate1599 primigenial1602 primitial1602 primigenie1615 primigenious1620 primigene1623 primogenious1625 primogeniala1631 primevea1640 primogenian1650 pristinary1652 primeval1653 primevous1656 protogeneous1660 primigenous1677 primo-primitive1678 antediluvian1705 priscal1831 archaic1833 primigenian1847 Palaeozoic1863 priscan1870 aboriginary1993 α. 1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 2nd Bk. Wks. ii. 33 The primeval origin [Fr. origine primeve] of my aves and ataves, was indigenarie of the Lemonick regions, where requiesceth the corpor of the hagiotat St. Martial. 1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 111 First, of poysons, their primeval origine from minerals, and their accidental generation in vegetable and animal bodies. a1711 T. Ken Psyche v, in Wks. (1721) IV. 293 Primeval Night and Chaos would re-spread Nature untun'd, should Love continue dead. 1775 G. Stuart tr. J. L. de Lolme Constit. Eng. i. i. 25 The principle of primeval equality. 1840 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 6) I. i. xiii. 320 Gneiss and granite..were generated..in a primeval state of the globe. 1858 Edinb. Rev. July 9 It presented on its surface the grainy ripple of primeval seas. 1904 R. Rodd Sir W. Raleigh ii. 23 Ireland..remained abandoned to the savagery of the primeval Celt. 1934 R. C. Priebsch & W. E. Collinson German Lang. i. 17 The ‘cradle’ or primeval home (Urheimat) of the Indo-Europeans and their physical characteristics are still matters of controversy. 1980 P. J. E. Peebles Large-Scale Structure of Universe vi. 379 Opinions on what the universe might have been like at high redshift span the range from primeval chaos..to a universe quite precisely homogeneous and isotropic. β. 1662 H. More Coll. Several Philos. Writings (ed. 2) Pref. Gen. 24 It is very plain that the primæval Ages of the Church had no ill conceit of the opinion of the Soul's Præexistence.1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 570 That philosophy endeavours to raise the mind to the consideration of eternal and primæval notions.1729 A. Pope Dunciad (new ed.) iii. 78 With Night Primæval, and with Chaos old.1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. xi. 100 They sate down to hunt the slipper... Every person may not be acquainted with this primaeval pastime.1817 J. Bentham Chrestomathia Pt. II 333 The primæval or inerudite analysis:—a logical analysis performed upon physical wholes.1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest II. vii. 145 (note) These two remarkable monuments of primæval times.1934 E. Pound ABC of Reading 183 The plenum of letters is not bounded by primaeval exclusivity.1990 A. S. Byatt Possession xii. 213 Here everything seems primaeval—the formation of the rocks, the heaving and tossing of the full sea. B. n. A person who or thing which exists in a primeval state. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [noun] > primitiveness or primevalness primevity1610 primeness1611 primevalness1727 primitivity1759 primeval1826 primitiveness1856 primalism1872 primordialism1879 primevalism1893 1826 T. Hood Recipe for Civilization in Whims & Oddities 19 But, the naked truth is, stark primevals, That said their prayers to timber devils. 1864 R. W. Dixon Hist. Odes & Other Poems 101 Such elemental dew as might contain The four primævals in its purple grain. 1912 Charleroi (Pa.) Mail 29 July 2/2 The primevals at least had the advantage of not having so many reasons for spending money. 1927 E. Lewis Trader Horn 301 Like children calling for someone to answer when the house is too quiet. They fear stillness like all primevals. 1999 Copley News Service (Nexis) 26 Aug. Their enemy, a tribe of pagan primevals who dress up like bears and cannibalize their victims. Compounds primeval forest n. a very old or ancient forest, esp. one in a natural state, untouched by agriculture or industry. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [noun] > wooded land > types of ripplelOE wildwooda1122 rough1332 firth?a1400 tod stripec1446 osiard1509 bush1523 bush-ground1523 fritha1552 island1638 oak landc1658 pinelandc1658 piney wood1666 broom-land1707 pine barrenc1721 pine savannah1735 savannah1735 thick woods1754 scrub-land1779 olive wood1783 primeval forest1789 open wood1790 strong woods1792 scrub1805 oak flata1816 sertão1816 sprout-land1824 flatwoods1841 bush-land1842 tall timber1845 amber forest1846 caatinga1846 mahogany scrub1846 bush-flat1847 myall country1847 national forest1848 selva1849 monte1851 virgin forest1851 bush-country1855 savannah forest1874 bush-range1879 bushveld1879 protection forest1889 mulga1896 wood-bush1896 shinnery1901 fringing forest1903 monsoon forest1903 rainforest1903 savannah woodland1903 thorn forest1903 tropical rainforest1903 gallery forest1920 cloud forest1922 rain jungle1945 mato1968 1789 J. F. Stanfield Guinea Voy. ii. 12 High, where primeval forests shade the land, And in majestic, solemn, order stand. 1837 C. Darwin Let. 20 Sept. in Corr. (1986) II. 48 I never saw a primeval forest that was not an impenetrable jungle. 1900 Knowledge 1 Mar. 67/1 On the clearances amid the dense and luxuriant primeval forest..dwell a number of interesting aboriginal wild tribes. 2002 Independent (Nexis) 24 Aug. 10 Pausing to point out an oak tree that is 500 years old, not uncommon in this untouched primeval forest. Derivatives priˈmevalism n. = primevalness n. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [noun] > primitiveness or primevalness primevity1610 primeness1611 primevalness1727 primitivity1759 primeval1826 primitiveness1856 primalism1872 primordialism1879 primevalism1893 1893 Times 26 Oct. 13/6 Before we left carriage and modern life to go on foot back into medievalism, and even primevalism, we passed through a bit of modern life at the foot of the forest. 1899 F. R. Stockton Associate Hermits 22 I had visions of forests and wilds..and a general air of primevalism. 1961 Mod. Lang. Notes 76 68 Melville's early primitivism becomes primevalism. 2003 Washington Post (Nexis) 2 Feb. t3 This sense of wild, boundless incompleteness, eternally teetering between greatness and primevalism, strikes even the most casual visitor to Russia. priˈmevally adv. in a primeval manner; (also) in the first age of the world. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > [adverb] > at first, originally, or primitively principally1389 forthmostc1450 primarily1601 primordially1603 primitively1607 originarily1610 fontallya1617 originallya1620 primevallya1711 at or after the first brush1815 archetypally1854 a1711 T. Ken Urania in Wks. (1721) IV. 475 Sweet Poetry..From God primevally it streams. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. xlvi. 317 With regard to the æra of the commencement of the race of mankind, or how this globe primevally was peopled, are points which I must confess are to me inscrutable. 1839 Lady Lytton Cheveley iii How gloriously, how primevally beautiful, is just this one favoured spot! 1879 Littell's Living Age 26 July 211/1 Miracles were preordained, and being primevally existent, at whatever time they were wrought, nature was not disturbed by them. 1929 A. B. E. Cator in Hoghunters' Ann. 52 Man is primævally a killer; by the word man I mean a real man, not the long haired poodle faking, over dressed idiot, all too common at home in these post-war days. 2005 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 3 May e2 His job was to make his instrument squeal, howl and moan primevally. priˈmevalness n. the quality of being primeval; primitiveness. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [noun] > primitiveness or primevalness primevity1610 primeness1611 primevalness1727 primitivity1759 primeval1826 primitiveness1856 primalism1872 primordialism1879 primevalism1893 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Primevalness. 1856 D. Shepherd Saratoga 369 Mossy trees hung solemn and shadowy above him; there was rudeness, savageness, primevalness around him. 1971 D. Crystal Linguistics ii. 49 What evidence there was about language-history..militated against acceptance of even the most basic assumptions used in the arguments about primevalness. 2002 Scotsman (Nexis) 24 June 4 What is it about ferns? Perhaps, like the constancy of numbers and elements he finds so comforting, it is their reassuring primevalness. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1653
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