prestern.

Brit.

/ˈprɛstə/, U.S.

/ˈprɛstər/

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin prēstēr; Greek πρηστήρ.

Etymology: < classical Latin prēstēr scorching whirlwind, kind of venomous serpent and its etymon ancient Greek πρηστήρ fiery or scorching whirlwind, in Hellenistic Greek also kind of venomous serpent, (plural) veins of the neck when swollen by anger < πρη- , stem of πιμπράναι to inflate, blow, to burn, of uncertain origin + -τηρ , suffix forming agent nouns. Compare Old French prester kind of venomous serpent (early 13th cent.), French †prestere whirlwind (1611 in Cotgrave; compare also quot. 1601 at sense 2). Prester is recorded in a British source in 1338 as the name of a ship, but it is unclear whether this reflects the Latin, the French, or the English word. With sense 3 compare the following example of the Greek word in a post-classical Latin medical context, and also quot. 1749 at sense 3, where the Greek word occurs in transliterated form:1564 J. Gorræus Definitionum Medicarum Libri xxiii. 281 ΠΡΗΣΤΗΡ pars colli exterior, quæ per iram incensa & tumens inflata.

Now literary and rare.

1. A mythical serpent, the bite of which was supposed to cause death by swelling. Occasionally used as a proper name. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [noun] > mythical types of serpent (miscellaneous)

siren1340

dipsas1382

haemorrhoida1398

prestera1398

bloodworm1587

viper1602

dryine1605

dipsad1608

lindworm1814

lingworm1870

rainbow serpent1926

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 269^v Prester is an horrible addre, alway with open mouþe and castynge and schedynge venyme as he goþ.

1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 118 The bramble..is good for the biting of y^e serpent called prester.

1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 214 The Dipsas killing by thirst, and the Prester by heate, as theyr very names doe signifie.

1627 T. May tr. Lucan Pharsalia (new ed.) ix. 828 The Prester too, whose sting distendeth wide The wounded's foamy mouth.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Prester, a venomous Serpent, whose Sting causes a deadly Thirst.

1765 tr. G. van Swieten Comm. Aphorisms Boerhaave (ed. 2) I. 94 When the serpent Prester bit Nasidius, we read that his whole body was immediately swelled.

1799 R. Southey Poet. Wks. (1838) III. iii. 63 Who swells with calorique as if a Prester Had leaven'd every limb with poison-yeast.

a1827 W. Blake Four Zoas vii, in Poetry (1965) 395 The Prester Serpent runs Along the ranks crying Listen to the Priest of God ye warriors.

1850 R. W. Emerson Swedenborg in Representative Men iii. 130 Philosophers are, therefore, vipers, cockatrices, asps,..presters.

1963 Greece & Rome 2nd Ser. 10 174 In the form known as prester it has fiery breath.

1983 W. Weaver tr. U. Eco Name of Rose (1984) 44 All the animals of Satan's bestiary..basilisks, hypnales, presters, spectafici, [etc.].

2. A scorching whirlwind. Also: a whirlwind over water; = waterspout n. 3b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > strong or violent wind > whirlwind or tornado > scorching

prester1601

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 25 The same [wind], if it be more hot and catching a fire as it rageth, is named Prester [Fr. que les Grecz appellent Prester]; burning.

1643 J. Howell Parables 15 As if it had been that incendiary Prester wind, or rather an Haraucana..had blowne here.

1655 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. I. ii. 3 Thunders, lightnings, presters, and whirlewinds are caused by the wind enclosed in a thick cloud.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Prester, a Meteor, consisting of an Exhalation thrown from the Clouds downwards with such Violence, as that by the Collision it is set on fire.

1797 Monthly Mag. 3 518/2 From him leap forth the implacable thunders, and the prester-capacious bosoms [πρηστηροδοχοι κολποι] of the all~splendid strength of the father-begotten Hecate.

a1831 J. Bouchette Brit. Dominions N. Amer. I. 346 in G. Warburton Conquest of Canada (1850) I. 108 The great lakes of Upper Canada are liable to the formation of the Prester or water-spout, and..several instances are recorded of the occurrence of that truly extraordinary phenomenon.

1854 W. H. Smyth in L. Blodget Climatol. of U.S. (1857) 247 The noted Prester of the Greeks, the destroyer of those at sea... Most sailors still believe it to be dreadfully dangerous.

1997 R. Melville tr. Lucretius On Nature of Universe vi. 192 Sometimes a whirlwind wraps itself in a cloud..And behaves like a prester let down from the sky.

†3. The external part of the neck, which (supposedly) becomes swollen, probably through engorgement with blood, during anger; (also) engorged veins or vessels elsewhere in the body. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [noun] > others

life vein?1515

recurrent1615

subclavian1615

pyloric1714

pudendal1752

prester1753

shunt1923

1749 J. Barrow Dict. Medicum Universale Prester,..the external part of the neck which is inflated by anger. Gorræus.]

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Prester, a word used by some to express the external part of the neck, which is usually inflated in anger.

1858 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) 1014/2 Prester, formerly used for the white of the eye when inflamed; also, for the veins, when swollen under excitement.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	prester
释义	prestern. Brit. /ˈprɛstə/, U.S. /ˈprɛstər/ Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin prēstēr; Greek πρηστήρ. Etymology: < classical Latin prēstēr scorching whirlwind, kind of venomous serpent and its etymon ancient Greek πρηστήρ fiery or scorching whirlwind, in Hellenistic Greek also kind of venomous serpent, (plural) veins of the neck when swollen by anger < πρη- , stem of πιμπράναι to inflate, blow, to burn, of uncertain origin + -τηρ , suffix forming agent nouns. Compare Old French prester kind of venomous serpent (early 13th cent.), French †prestere whirlwind (1611 in Cotgrave; compare also quot. 1601 at sense 2). Prester is recorded in a British source in 1338 as the name of a ship, but it is unclear whether this reflects the Latin, the French, or the English word. With sense 3 compare the following example of the Greek word in a post-classical Latin medical context, and also quot. 1749 at sense 3, where the Greek word occurs in transliterated form:1564 J. Gorræus Definitionum Medicarum Libri xxiii. 281 ΠΡΗΣΤΗΡ pars colli exterior, quæ per iram incensa & tumens inflata. Now literary and rare. 1. A mythical serpent, the bite of which was supposed to cause death by swelling. Occasionally used as a proper name. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [noun] > mythical types of serpent (miscellaneous) siren1340 dipsas1382 haemorrhoida1398 prestera1398 bloodworm1587 viper1602 dryine1605 dipsad1608 lindworm1814 lingworm1870 rainbow serpent1926 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 269^v Prester is an horrible addre, alway with open mouþe and castynge and schedynge venyme as he goþ. 1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 118 The bramble..is good for the biting of y^e serpent called prester. 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 214 The Dipsas killing by thirst, and the Prester by heate, as theyr very names doe signifie. 1627 T. May tr. Lucan Pharsalia (new ed.) ix. 828 The Prester too, whose sting distendeth wide The wounded's foamy mouth. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Prester, a venomous Serpent, whose Sting causes a deadly Thirst. 1765 tr. G. van Swieten Comm. Aphorisms Boerhaave (ed. 2) I. 94 When the serpent Prester bit Nasidius, we read that his whole body was immediately swelled. 1799 R. Southey Poet. Wks. (1838) III. iii. 63 Who swells with calorique as if a Prester Had leaven'd every limb with poison-yeast. a1827 W. Blake Four Zoas vii, in Poetry (1965) 395 The Prester Serpent runs Along the ranks crying Listen to the Priest of God ye warriors. 1850 R. W. Emerson Swedenborg in Representative Men iii. 130 Philosophers are, therefore, vipers, cockatrices, asps,..presters. 1963 Greece & Rome 2nd Ser. 10 174 In the form known as prester it has fiery breath. 1983 W. Weaver tr. U. Eco Name of Rose (1984) 44 All the animals of Satan's bestiary..basilisks, hypnales, presters, spectafici, [etc.]. 2. A scorching whirlwind. Also: a whirlwind over water; = waterspout n. 3b. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > strong or violent wind > whirlwind or tornado > scorching prester1601 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 25 The same [wind], if it be more hot and catching a fire as it rageth, is named Prester [Fr. que les Grecz appellent Prester]; burning. 1643 J. Howell Parables 15 As if it had been that incendiary Prester wind, or rather an Haraucana..had blowne here. 1655 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. I. ii. 3 Thunders, lightnings, presters, and whirlewinds are caused by the wind enclosed in a thick cloud. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Prester, a Meteor, consisting of an Exhalation thrown from the Clouds downwards with such Violence, as that by the Collision it is set on fire. 1797 Monthly Mag. 3 518/2 From him leap forth the implacable thunders, and the prester-capacious bosoms [πρηστηροδοχοι κολποι] of the all~splendid strength of the father-begotten Hecate. a1831 J. Bouchette Brit. Dominions N. Amer. I. 346 in G. Warburton Conquest of Canada (1850) I. 108 The great lakes of Upper Canada are liable to the formation of the Prester or water-spout, and..several instances are recorded of the occurrence of that truly extraordinary phenomenon. 1854 W. H. Smyth in L. Blodget Climatol. of U.S. (1857) 247 The noted Prester of the Greeks, the destroyer of those at sea... Most sailors still believe it to be dreadfully dangerous. 1997 R. Melville tr. Lucretius On Nature of Universe vi. 192 Sometimes a whirlwind wraps itself in a cloud..And behaves like a prester let down from the sky. †3. The external part of the neck, which (supposedly) becomes swollen, probably through engorgement with blood, during anger; (also) engorged veins or vessels elsewhere in the body. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [noun] > others life vein?1515 recurrent1615 subclavian1615 pyloric1714 pudendal1752 prester1753 shunt1923 1749 J. Barrow Dict. Medicum Universale Prester,..the external part of the neck which is inflated by anger. Gorræus.] 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Prester, a word used by some to express the external part of the neck, which is usually inflated in anger. 1858 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) 1014/2 Prester, formerly used for the white of the eye when inflamed; also, for the veins, when swollen under excitement. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1398
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