prestationn.

Brit.

/prɛˈsteɪʃn/, U.S.

/prɛˈsteɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: late Middle English– prestation, 1900s– praestation.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prestation; Latin praestātiōn-, praestātiō.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French prestation action of paying money (especially to a feudal superior), feudal payment (1288 in Old French as prestacion in prestacion de cens payment of dues), action of rendering a service (especially to a feudal superior) (1311 or earlier in Old French; French prestation : see note) and its etymon classical Latin praestātiōn-, praestātiō payment of money, goods, or services, in settlement of an obligation, in post-classical Latin, especially a feudal due (8th or 9th cent.) < praestāt- , past participial stem of praestāre (see prest v.¹) + -iō -ion suffix¹; compare -ation suffix. With sense 1 compare Old Occitan prestacio (1296; Occitan prestacion), Catalan prestació (1599), Spanish prestación (c1400 or earlier), Portuguese prestação (15th cent. as †prestaçam in sense ‘action of providing goods or services’), Italian prestazione (a1381).The chief current senses of French prestation are: ‘provision of a service’, ‘(in legal use) thing or service which a person is obliged to provide or render by law’, (in plural) ‘statutory sickness or maternity pay’. It is also attested in anthropological use in sense 2, although it is apparently first attested later than the corresponding English use (1936, in a translation of an English anthropological book); Malinowski's comment in quot. 1935 at sense 2 apparently refers to adoption of the French word in its legal sense. In form praestation after the Latin form.

1. The action of paying, in money or service, what is due by law or custom, originally esp. towards a feudal superior; a payment or the performance of a service in settlement of such a debt or duty; a fee, a remuneration. Also: the performance of something promised.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > [noun] > performance of

prestation1473

booning1862

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > payment or service to feudal superior > [noun] > action of paying or performing service

prestation1473

fruits-paying1709

1473 Rolls of Parl. VI. 66/1 That no prises, exactions, nor prestations shal be sette uppon their persones or goodes.

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. C3/1 Ayde..in the common lawe, it is applied..sometime to a prestation due from tenents to their Lords, as toward the releife due to the Lord Paramount..or for the making of his sonne knight, or the marying of his daughter.

a1670 J. Hacket Cent. Serm. (1675) 249 Not..as if the richer and mightier Church did, or could bind the smaller to the prestation of her customs.

a1754 J. Strange Rep. Cases II. 879 The bishop libelled in the spiritual court, suggesting that Dr. Gooche, as arch~deacon of Essex, tenetur solvere 10l. due to the bishop as a prestation, for the exercise of his exterior jurisdiction.

1788 T. Reid Ess. Active Powers Man v. vi. 667 It is obvious that the prestation promised must be understood by both parties.

1800 J. Thomson Gen. View Agric. in Fife v. 116 It may be proper to observe, likewise, that every prestation agreed to by the proprietor at the original bargain, ought to be distinctly mentioned in the lease.

1818 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages I. ii. 144 The military tenant..was subject to no tribute, no prestation, but service in the field.

1868 Act 31 & 32 Victoria c. 101 Sched. (y), No. 2 The yearly feu duties and the whole other prestations.

1890 C. Gross Gild Merchant I. 195 The gild merchant with the right to exact money requisitions or prestations from the brethren as well as from non-gildsmen trading in the town.

1892 R. L. Stevenson & L. Osbourne Wrecker vii. 103 I think my friend was at the head either of foreign affairs or education: it mattered, indeed, nothing, the prestation being in all offices identical.

1927 Jrnl. Royal Inst. Internat. Affairs 6 217 There is another form of ‘prestation’ from which I fear we are not universally free.

1973 Proc. Gen. Board of Faculties Oxf. Univ. 133 568 The directive also lays down that in the case of provision (‘prestation’) of services... This expression refers to a short visit to another country in order to provide services on a temporary or transient basis.

1990 Slavic Rev. 49 2 It was inevitable that the feudal manor should gradually move from an economy supported by prestations to one that produced directly on its own allodial lands using bound labor.

2. Cultural Anthropology. A gift, payment, or service that forms part of some traditional function in a society, given or due either to a specific person or to a group; the giving or performance of such a gift or service.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > customs, values, or beliefs of a society or group > [noun] > transmitted from one generation to another > traditional behaviour > specific traditional function

prestation1889

1889 W. R. Smith Lect. Relig. of Semites xi. 403 The very idea of an execution implies a public function, and not a private prestation.

1889 W. R. Smith Lect. Relig. of Semites xi. 413 Even in the theology of the Rabbins penitence atones only for light offences, all grave offences demanding also a material prestation.

1935 B. Malinowski Coral Gardens I. vi. 204 Since the English language has a really unaccountable and intolerable gap, I am deliberately introducing here the word ‘prestation’ in the French sense, that is, of legally defined services to be tendered by one individual or group to another.

1951 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 81 35/2 In Kachin type systems it is an exchange of women for gifts (prestations).

1967 F. Barth in R. Firth Themes in Econ. Anthropol. 152 The rights of the cultivator as user as distinct from owner are expressed in the symbolic prestation of one pot of beer to the title holder after each harvest.

1991 Jrnl. Southern Afr. Stud. 17 471 The prestation between father and sons, which must start quite early in the lives of the sons.

Compounds

† prestation-money n. Christian Church Obsolete a payment made, esp. annually, to a bishop by the clergy of his diocese.

ΚΠ

1536 in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) I. App. lxxix. 187 The Archdeacons had their acquittance of the Bp. by the name of Prestation-mony.

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Ppp4^v/1 Spiritualties of a Bishop..be those profits which he receiueth, as he is a Bishop, and not as he is a Baron of the Parlament..[e.g.] prestation money, that subsidium charitatiuum, which vppon reasonable cause he may require of his Clergie.

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Q4^v/1 The Bishop taking prestation mony of his archdeacons yearely.

1656 W. Dugdale Antiq. Warwickshire 126/2 Th'Arch-decons had their acquittance of the B. by the name of Prestation-money.

1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II. (at cited word) Prestation Money, was according to some, a Sum of Money paid by the Arch-Deacons to the Bishops annually pro Exteriori Jurisdictione: but others say it was a Subsidium Charitativum.

1749 B. Martin Lingua Britannica Reformata Prestation-money, a sum paid annually by arch-deacons and other dignitaries to their bishop.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	prestation
释义	prestationn. Brit. /prɛˈsteɪʃn/, U.S. /prɛˈsteɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: late Middle English– prestation, 1900s– praestation. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prestation; Latin praestātiōn-, praestātiō. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French prestation action of paying money (especially to a feudal superior), feudal payment (1288 in Old French as prestacion in prestacion de cens payment of dues), action of rendering a service (especially to a feudal superior) (1311 or earlier in Old French; French prestation : see note) and its etymon classical Latin praestātiōn-, praestātiō payment of money, goods, or services, in settlement of an obligation, in post-classical Latin, especially a feudal due (8th or 9th cent.) < praestāt- , past participial stem of praestāre (see prest v.¹) + -iō -ion suffix¹; compare -ation suffix. With sense 1 compare Old Occitan prestacio (1296; Occitan prestacion), Catalan prestació (1599), Spanish prestación (c1400 or earlier), Portuguese prestação (15th cent. as †prestaçam in sense ‘action of providing goods or services’), Italian prestazione (a1381).The chief current senses of French prestation are: ‘provision of a service’, ‘(in legal use) thing or service which a person is obliged to provide or render by law’, (in plural) ‘statutory sickness or maternity pay’. It is also attested in anthropological use in sense 2, although it is apparently first attested later than the corresponding English use (1936, in a translation of an English anthropological book); Malinowski's comment in quot. 1935 at sense 2 apparently refers to adoption of the French word in its legal sense. In form praestation after the Latin form. 1. The action of paying, in money or service, what is due by law or custom, originally esp. towards a feudal superior; a payment or the performance of a service in settlement of such a debt or duty; a fee, a remuneration. Also: the performance of something promised. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > [noun] > performance of prestation1473 booning1862 society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > payment or service to feudal superior > [noun] > action of paying or performing service prestation1473 fruits-paying1709 1473 Rolls of Parl. VI. 66/1 That no prises, exactions, nor prestations shal be sette uppon their persones or goodes. 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. C3/1 Ayde..in the common lawe, it is applied..sometime to a prestation due from tenents to their Lords, as toward the releife due to the Lord Paramount..or for the making of his sonne knight, or the marying of his daughter. a1670 J. Hacket Cent. Serm. (1675) 249 Not..as if the richer and mightier Church did, or could bind the smaller to the prestation of her customs. a1754 J. Strange Rep. Cases II. 879 The bishop libelled in the spiritual court, suggesting that Dr. Gooche, as arch~deacon of Essex, tenetur solvere 10l. due to the bishop as a prestation, for the exercise of his exterior jurisdiction. 1788 T. Reid Ess. Active Powers Man v. vi. 667 It is obvious that the prestation promised must be understood by both parties. 1800 J. Thomson Gen. View Agric. in Fife v. 116 It may be proper to observe, likewise, that every prestation agreed to by the proprietor at the original bargain, ought to be distinctly mentioned in the lease. 1818 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages I. ii. 144 The military tenant..was subject to no tribute, no prestation, but service in the field. 1868 Act 31 & 32 Victoria c. 101 Sched. (y), No. 2 The yearly feu duties and the whole other prestations. 1890 C. Gross Gild Merchant I. 195 The gild merchant with the right to exact money requisitions or prestations from the brethren as well as from non-gildsmen trading in the town. 1892 R. L. Stevenson & L. Osbourne Wrecker vii. 103 I think my friend was at the head either of foreign affairs or education: it mattered, indeed, nothing, the prestation being in all offices identical. 1927 Jrnl. Royal Inst. Internat. Affairs 6 217 There is another form of ‘prestation’ from which I fear we are not universally free. 1973 Proc. Gen. Board of Faculties Oxf. Univ. 133 568 The directive also lays down that in the case of provision (‘prestation’) of services... This expression refers to a short visit to another country in order to provide services on a temporary or transient basis. 1990 Slavic Rev. 49 2 It was inevitable that the feudal manor should gradually move from an economy supported by prestations to one that produced directly on its own allodial lands using bound labor. 2. Cultural Anthropology. A gift, payment, or service that forms part of some traditional function in a society, given or due either to a specific person or to a group; the giving or performance of such a gift or service. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > customs, values, or beliefs of a society or group > [noun] > transmitted from one generation to another > traditional behaviour > specific traditional function prestation1889 1889 W. R. Smith Lect. Relig. of Semites xi. 403 The very idea of an execution implies a public function, and not a private prestation. 1889 W. R. Smith Lect. Relig. of Semites xi. 413 Even in the theology of the Rabbins penitence atones only for light offences, all grave offences demanding also a material prestation. 1935 B. Malinowski Coral Gardens I. vi. 204 Since the English language has a really unaccountable and intolerable gap, I am deliberately introducing here the word ‘prestation’ in the French sense, that is, of legally defined services to be tendered by one individual or group to another. 1951 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 81 35/2 In Kachin type systems it is an exchange of women for gifts (prestations). 1967 F. Barth in R. Firth Themes in Econ. Anthropol. 152 The rights of the cultivator as user as distinct from owner are expressed in the symbolic prestation of one pot of beer to the title holder after each harvest. 1991 Jrnl. Southern Afr. Stud. 17 471 The prestation between father and sons, which must start quite early in the lives of the sons. Compounds † prestation-money n. Christian Church Obsolete a payment made, esp. annually, to a bishop by the clergy of his diocese. ΚΠ 1536 in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) I. App. lxxix. 187 The Archdeacons had their acquittance of the Bp. by the name of Prestation-mony. 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Ppp4^v/1 Spiritualties of a Bishop..be those profits which he receiueth, as he is a Bishop, and not as he is a Baron of the Parlament..[e.g.] prestation money, that subsidium charitatiuum, which vppon reasonable cause he may require of his Clergie. 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Q4^v/1 The Bishop taking prestation mony of his archdeacons yearely. 1656 W. Dugdale Antiq. Warwickshire 126/2 Th'Arch-decons had their acquittance of the B. by the name of Prestation-money. 1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II. (at cited word) Prestation Money, was according to some, a Sum of Money paid by the Arch-Deacons to the Bishops annually pro Exteriori Jurisdictione: but others say it was a Subsidium Charitativum. 1749 B. Martin Lingua Britannica Reformata Prestation-money, a sum paid annually by arch-deacons and other dignitaries to their bishop. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1473
随便看	kob antelope kob water koba kobang kipper-time kippered kippered herring kipperer kipperers kippering kipperish kippernut kippers kippersol kippertime kippin kipping kipping-house kipping-line kippinghouse kippingline kippot kipps kips kipsey