precipitantadj.adv.n.

Brit.

/prᵻˈsɪpᵻt(ə)nt/, U.S.

/priˈsɪpədənt/,

/prəˈsɪpədənt/

Forms: 1600s–1700s praecipitant, 1600s– precipitant.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French précipitant; Latin praecipitant-, praecipitans, praecipitāns.

Etymology: < French précipitant (adjective) acting with haste, rash (16th cent. in Middle French; earlier in sense ‘pressing’ (1492)), acting, occurring, or moving at great speed (1569) and its etymon post-classical Latin praecipitant-, praecipitans hasty (6th cent.), use as adjective of classical Latin praecipitant-, praecipitāns, present participle of praecipitāre precipitate v.The use as noun is not paralleled in French until later (a1759 in sense B. 1). With sense A. 3 compare earlier precipitantly adv., and compare also precipitate v.

A. adj. (and adv.)

1. Acting or inclined to act hurriedly and without deliberation; hasty, rash.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > rapidity or speed of action or operation > [adjective] > acting with haste > foolishly or recklessly

hastivec1300

racklec1300

hastya1375

foolhastya1393

headya1425

properant1531

headlonga1533

steep1601

precipitate1607

precipitant1608

proclive1609

precipitious1612

precipitous1646

precipitating1681

ram-stam1786

precipit1922

1608 Bp. T. Morton Preamble Incounter 31 Thou hast beene rash and precipitant.

1665 S. Patrick Parable of Pilgrim ix. 40 They were..hurried by their blind and precipitant passion.

1741 S. Richardson Pamela IV. xxxvii. 222 She..is generous—noble—but has strong Passions, and is thoughtless and precipitant.

1762 H. Home Elem. Crit. (new ed.) I. ix. 304 A course too rapid impels to rash and precipitant action.

1803 tr. P. Le Brun M. Botte III. 67 The precipitant departure of his uncle,..his last expressions.

1896 in Westm. Gaz. 21 Oct. 10/2 He wants reform, but it must be gradual, not precipitant.

1940 O. J. Hale Publicity & Diplomacy v. 125 He had ‘strongly discouraged’ violent language and precipitant action.

1992 Times 14 Oct. 22/7 The company said it was writing to tell the bondholder that negotiations were well advanced and his action might be precipitant.

2. Acting, occurring, or moving at great speed; rapid, swift; sudden, abrupt.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > [adjective] > moving with impetuous speed or headlong

ranka1250

whirling1382

hurlingc1400

whithering1513

headling?1518

vehement1528

heady1562

headlongc1565

precipitant1649

precipitate1654

torrent1667

precipitous1681

tearing1765

torrentuous1840

whirlwind1865

torrential1877

Gadarene1895

rocketing1952

the world > action or operation > manner of action > rapidity or speed of action or operation > [adjective] > acting with haste > hasty or sudden

subitane?a1425

subite?1483

subitany1603

precipitating1638

subitaneous1645

precipitous1646

precipitant1649

precipitate1658

precipitious1676

1649 Εἰκων Βασιλικη xii. 99 It was hard at first either to discerne the rise, or apply a remedy to that precipitant Rebellion.

1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants i. vii. 49 Lest its Current should be too copious or precipitant.

1725 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. i. 213 That troop so blithe and bold,..Precipitant in fear, wou'd wing their flight.

a1742 T. Story Jrnl. of Life (1747) 133 She was seized with..a strong Impulse to rise from her Seat, which she did in a precipitant manner.

1830 W. Phillips Mt. Sinai ii. 268 Walk'd he still erect,..quick-motion'd from the first, But not precipitant.

1910 P.MacKaye Garland to Sylvia iv. i. 149 What rush of streams precipitant Makes in my ears mill-noises?

1935 G. B. Eusterman et al. Stomach & Duodenum x. 241 So-called ‘dumping’ results with precipitant evacuation of gastric content.

2001 Life Insurance Internat. (Nexis) 28 Dec. 14 There is a clear and precipitant movement for a radical overhaul of the pay-as-you-go system.

3. Of a fall or descent: vertical, steep, directed straight down. Also as adv.: precipitantly, headlong. Now chiefly figurative.In quot. 1708: falling to the bottom as a precipitate or sediment.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > falling > [adjective] > falling steeply or swiftly

precipitate1614

precipitious1638

precipitant1667

toppling1812

plummeting1934

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 563 He..without longer pause Down right into the Worlds first Region throws His flight precipitant .

1708 J. Philips Cyder ii. 68 Take care Thy muddy Bev'rage to serene, and drive Præcipitant the baser, ropy Lees.

1735 W. Somervile Chace iii. 335 He [sc. a horse]..plunging, from his Back the Rider hurls Precipitant.

1783 J. Logan Runnamede iv. 81 To plunge precipitant down to the deep Of hideous hell; the dungeon of the damn'd!

1877 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 10) ix. 134 Where Erie through Niagara hurls Precipitant all her thunderous waters down.

1964 Y. Bilinsky Second Soviet Republic 397 Despite the precipitant fall in the number of Jews in the Ukraine.

1998 Africa News (Nexis) 18 Dec. The emergent pattern of recent Eritrean history: a long struggle, a high triumph and now what looks like a self-propelled precipitant fall.

B. n.

1. Chemistry. A substance that causes precipitation of a particular solute when added to a solution. Usually with distinguishing word(s) or of.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > precipitation > precipitant

precipitator1681

precipitant1685

1685 R. Boyle Short Mem. Hist. Mineral Waters 59 A copious Precipitate, such as might have been expected from an Alkaline Precipitant.

1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. 112 The most complete precipitant of copper known, is iron.

1842 E. A. Parnell Elements Chem. Anal. (1845) 32 Hydrochloric acid and chloride of sodium, the ordinary precipitants of silver, also produce a precipitate with solutions of lead.

1933 S. W. Cole Pract. Physiol. Chem. (ed. 9) ix. 207 They [sc. enzymes] are also inhibited or destroyed by oxidising reagents, protein precipitants, HNO₂, fluorides, etc.

1991 Industr. Waste Managem. Oct. 29/1 The programme consists of a heavy metal precipitant, and a coagulant or flocculant, depending on the nature of the wastewater.

2. A cause of a particular action or event, or a factor hastening its onset; (esp. in Psychology) a cause or stimulus which precipitates a particular condition. Chiefly with of, for.

ΚΠ

1905 Contemp. Rev. Oct. 503 Such impressions..seem to be little more than irritants or precipitants of consciousness.

1956 A. L. Rowse Early Churchills xii. 227 Marlborough was..an artist by temperament in his ups and downs—the depressions he got before the precipitant of action, the headaches that racked him [etc.].

1968 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 114 720/2 In all cases the potency disorder had come on acutely, in response to a discrete physical or psychological precipitant.

1991 S. MacGregor Tackling Inner Cities (BNC) 57 This plausibly supports the view that it is relative deprivation which is causally related to crime, and that..this will act as a precipitant of crime.

1993 S. Milligan & A. Clare Depression & how to survive It (1994) iv. 99 Many people suffer depressive or manic mood swings without any clear precipitant or adverse social provocation.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	precipitant
释义	precipitantadj.adv.n. Brit. /prᵻˈsɪpᵻt(ə)nt/, U.S. /priˈsɪpədənt/, /prəˈsɪpədənt/ Forms: 1600s–1700s praecipitant, 1600s– precipitant. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French précipitant; Latin praecipitant-, praecipitans, praecipitāns. Etymology: < French précipitant (adjective) acting with haste, rash (16th cent. in Middle French; earlier in sense ‘pressing’ (1492)), acting, occurring, or moving at great speed (1569) and its etymon post-classical Latin praecipitant-, praecipitans hasty (6th cent.), use as adjective of classical Latin praecipitant-, praecipitāns, present participle of praecipitāre precipitate v.The use as noun is not paralleled in French until later (a1759 in sense B. 1). With sense A. 3 compare earlier precipitantly adv., and compare also precipitate v. A. adj. (and adv.) 1. Acting or inclined to act hurriedly and without deliberation; hasty, rash. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > rapidity or speed of action or operation > [adjective] > acting with haste > foolishly or recklessly hastivec1300 racklec1300 hastya1375 foolhastya1393 headya1425 properant1531 headlonga1533 steep1601 precipitate1607 precipitant1608 proclive1609 precipitious1612 precipitous1646 precipitating1681 ram-stam1786 precipit1922 1608 Bp. T. Morton Preamble Incounter 31 Thou hast beene rash and precipitant. 1665 S. Patrick Parable of Pilgrim ix. 40 They were..hurried by their blind and precipitant passion. 1741 S. Richardson Pamela IV. xxxvii. 222 She..is generous—noble—but has strong Passions, and is thoughtless and precipitant. 1762 H. Home Elem. Crit. (new ed.) I. ix. 304 A course too rapid impels to rash and precipitant action. 1803 tr. P. Le Brun M. Botte III. 67 The precipitant departure of his uncle,..his last expressions. 1896 in Westm. Gaz. 21 Oct. 10/2 He wants reform, but it must be gradual, not precipitant. 1940 O. J. Hale Publicity & Diplomacy v. 125 He had ‘strongly discouraged’ violent language and precipitant action. 1992 Times 14 Oct. 22/7 The company said it was writing to tell the bondholder that negotiations were well advanced and his action might be precipitant. 2. Acting, occurring, or moving at great speed; rapid, swift; sudden, abrupt. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > [adjective] > moving with impetuous speed or headlong ranka1250 whirling1382 hurlingc1400 whithering1513 headling?1518 vehement1528 heady1562 headlongc1565 precipitant1649 precipitate1654 torrent1667 precipitous1681 tearing1765 torrentuous1840 whirlwind1865 torrential1877 Gadarene1895 rocketing1952 the world > action or operation > manner of action > rapidity or speed of action or operation > [adjective] > acting with haste > hasty or sudden subitane?a1425 subite?1483 subitany1603 precipitating1638 subitaneous1645 precipitous1646 precipitant1649 precipitate1658 precipitious1676 1649 Εἰκων Βασιλικη xii. 99 It was hard at first either to discerne the rise, or apply a remedy to that precipitant Rebellion. 1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants i. vii. 49 Lest its Current should be too copious or precipitant. 1725 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. i. 213 That troop so blithe and bold,..Precipitant in fear, wou'd wing their flight. a1742 T. Story Jrnl. of Life (1747) 133 She was seized with..a strong Impulse to rise from her Seat, which she did in a precipitant manner. 1830 W. Phillips Mt. Sinai ii. 268 Walk'd he still erect,..quick-motion'd from the first, But not precipitant. 1910 P.MacKaye Garland to Sylvia iv. i. 149 What rush of streams precipitant Makes in my ears mill-noises? 1935 G. B. Eusterman et al. Stomach & Duodenum x. 241 So-called ‘dumping’ results with precipitant evacuation of gastric content. 2001 Life Insurance Internat. (Nexis) 28 Dec. 14 There is a clear and precipitant movement for a radical overhaul of the pay-as-you-go system. 3. Of a fall or descent: vertical, steep, directed straight down. Also as adv.: precipitantly, headlong. Now chiefly figurative.In quot. 1708: falling to the bottom as a precipitate or sediment. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > falling > [adjective] > falling steeply or swiftly precipitate1614 precipitious1638 precipitant1667 toppling1812 plummeting1934 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 563 He..without longer pause Down right into the Worlds first Region throws His flight precipitant . View more context for this quotation 1708 J. Philips Cyder ii. 68 Take care Thy muddy Bev'rage to serene, and drive Præcipitant the baser, ropy Lees. 1735 W. Somervile Chace iii. 335 He [sc. a horse]..plunging, from his Back the Rider hurls Precipitant. 1783 J. Logan Runnamede iv. 81 To plunge precipitant down to the deep Of hideous hell; the dungeon of the damn'd! 1877 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 10) ix. 134 Where Erie through Niagara hurls Precipitant all her thunderous waters down. 1964 Y. Bilinsky Second Soviet Republic 397 Despite the precipitant fall in the number of Jews in the Ukraine. 1998 Africa News (Nexis) 18 Dec. The emergent pattern of recent Eritrean history: a long struggle, a high triumph and now what looks like a self-propelled precipitant fall. B. n. 1. Chemistry. A substance that causes precipitation of a particular solute when added to a solution. Usually with distinguishing word(s) or of. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > precipitation > precipitant precipitator1681 precipitant1685 1685 R. Boyle Short Mem. Hist. Mineral Waters 59 A copious Precipitate, such as might have been expected from an Alkaline Precipitant. 1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. 112 The most complete precipitant of copper known, is iron. 1842 E. A. Parnell Elements Chem. Anal. (1845) 32 Hydrochloric acid and chloride of sodium, the ordinary precipitants of silver, also produce a precipitate with solutions of lead. 1933 S. W. Cole Pract. Physiol. Chem. (ed. 9) ix. 207 They [sc. enzymes] are also inhibited or destroyed by oxidising reagents, protein precipitants, HNO₂, fluorides, etc. 1991 Industr. Waste Managem. Oct. 29/1 The programme consists of a heavy metal precipitant, and a coagulant or flocculant, depending on the nature of the wastewater. 2. A cause of a particular action or event, or a factor hastening its onset; (esp. in Psychology) a cause or stimulus which precipitates a particular condition. Chiefly with of, for. ΚΠ 1905 Contemp. Rev. Oct. 503 Such impressions..seem to be little more than irritants or precipitants of consciousness. 1956 A. L. Rowse Early Churchills xii. 227 Marlborough was..an artist by temperament in his ups and downs—the depressions he got before the precipitant of action, the headaches that racked him [etc.]. 1968 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 114 720/2 In all cases the potency disorder had come on acutely, in response to a discrete physical or psychological precipitant. 1991 S. MacGregor Tackling Inner Cities (BNC) 57 This plausibly supports the view that it is relative deprivation which is causally related to crime, and that..this will act as a precipitant of crime. 1993 S. Milligan & A. Clare Depression & how to survive It (1994) iv. 99 Many people suffer depressive or manic mood swings without any clear precipitant or adverse social provocation. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.adv.n.1608
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