preferendumn.¹

Brit.

/ˌprɛfəˈrɛnd(ə)m/, U.S.

/ˌprɛfəˈrɛnd(ə)m/

Inflections: Plural preferenda.

Forms: 1900s– praeferendum, 1900s– preferendum.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin; originally modelled on a German lexical item. Etymon: Latin praeferendum.

Etymology: < classical Latin praeferendum (neuter singular gerundive of praeferre prefer v.), originally after German Vorzugstemperatur, literally ‘temperature of preference’ (F. S. Bodenheimer & D. Schenkin 1928, in Zeitschr. f. vergleichende Physiol. 8 1, which cites C. B. Williams). Compare earlier preference n. 4b.

Ecology.

An environmental preference of a species with reference to a particular variable, such as temperature or salinity.

ΚΠ

1931 Trans. Entomol. Soc. 79 54 If an active insect is placed so that a choice of several temperature conditions is possible, it usually moves about for some time and finally rests in a certain temperature zone. This temperature apparently preferred by the insect is called the preferendum (the term suggested by C. B. Williams).

1958 F. S. Bodenheimer Animal Ecol. To-day 177 It is regrettable that Mrs. Larsen did not include in her extensive work experiments on the preferenda of the predators for soil humidity and soil salinity.

1995 Water Res. 29 1409 NTA does not interfere with the temperature–salinity praeferenda of the species.

2004 Estuarine, Coastal & Shelf Sci. 61 725 Calculated thermal niche breadths indicated species preferenda spread across the recorded temperature range.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

preferendumn.²

Brit.

/ˌprɛfəˈrɛnd(ə)m/, U.S.

/ˌprɛfəˈrɛnd(ə)m/

Origin: Formed within English, by blending. Etymons: preference n., referendum n.

Etymology: Blend of preference n. and referendum n. (perhaps also with punning allusion to classical Latin praeferendum that is to be preferred: see preferendum n.¹). Compare preferential adj. 1c, preference voting n. at preference n. Compounds.In quot. 1970 with punning allusion to the U.S. political organization Referendum '70; compare:1970 N.Y. Times 20 Sept. 84 The shows..consist of work donated by artists for the benefit of Referendum 70, a national, non-partisan organization which seeks to elect anti-war Congressional candidates..The poster for the show is a drawing submitted by Saul Steinberg.1970 Washington Post 22 Sept. b7/5 Saul Steinberg posters, bearing the legend ‘Preferendum '70’ are also available for $10 apiece. In quot. 1974 translating Polish klibiscyt , an isolated attestation apparently < kli- (in klimat climate n.¹) + -biscyt (in plebiscyt plebiscite n.). In later use with reference to the voting system developed by Peter Emerson of the De Borda Institute in Belfast (compare quot. 1991).

Originally: a referendum in which voters express their preference or preferences; (subsequently) a vote, typically having more than two options, in which voters give their responses in order of preference.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > expression of choice by some approved method > [noun] > a vote

voicea1325

votec1478

suffragea1535

election1543

verdict1580

tonguea1616

proxy1660

preferendum1970

the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > expression of choice by some approved method > [noun] > referendum or plebiscite

referendum1816

plebiscitum1855

plebiscite1860

preferendum1970

1970 S. Steinberg Poster for Exhib. (legend) Preferendum 70.

1974 M. Kandel tr. S. Lem Futurological Congr. 70 We just held a preferendum on the weather for September. Weather is determined by vote, a month at a time. Election returns instantly tallied by computer.

1991 P. Emerson Consensus Voting Systems Definitions p. x The ‘preferendum’ is a linear multiple-choice voting procedure in which (a) there shall be at least 3, usually from 6 to 10, and seldom more than 12, candidates or options; and (b) the voter shall, in his/her own order of choice, cast his/her preference points for all the candidates or options listed.

2005 Western Mail (Cardiff) (Nexis) 6 Jan. 14 Under the ‘preferendum’, voters would be able to list in order of preference their options from a list likely to include independence, an Assembly with law-making powers, the status quo and abolition.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	preferendum
释义	preferendumn.¹ Brit. /ˌprɛfəˈrɛnd(ə)m/, U.S. /ˌprɛfəˈrɛnd(ə)m/ Inflections: Plural preferenda. Forms: 1900s– praeferendum, 1900s– preferendum. Origin: A borrowing from Latin; originally modelled on a German lexical item. Etymon: Latin praeferendum. Etymology: < classical Latin praeferendum (neuter singular gerundive of praeferre prefer v.), originally after German Vorzugstemperatur, literally ‘temperature of preference’ (F. S. Bodenheimer & D. Schenkin 1928, in Zeitschr. f. vergleichende Physiol. 8 1, which cites C. B. Williams). Compare earlier preference n. 4b. Ecology. An environmental preference of a species with reference to a particular variable, such as temperature or salinity. ΚΠ 1931 Trans. Entomol. Soc. 79 54 If an active insect is placed so that a choice of several temperature conditions is possible, it usually moves about for some time and finally rests in a certain temperature zone. This temperature apparently preferred by the insect is called the preferendum (the term suggested by C. B. Williams). 1958 F. S. Bodenheimer Animal Ecol. To-day 177 It is regrettable that Mrs. Larsen did not include in her extensive work experiments on the preferenda of the predators for soil humidity and soil salinity. 1995 Water Res. 29 1409 NTA does not interfere with the temperature–salinity praeferenda of the species. 2004 Estuarine, Coastal & Shelf Sci. 61 725 Calculated thermal niche breadths indicated species preferenda spread across the recorded temperature range. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). preferendumn.² Brit. /ˌprɛfəˈrɛnd(ə)m/, U.S. /ˌprɛfəˈrɛnd(ə)m/ Origin: Formed within English, by blending. Etymons: preference n., referendum n. Etymology: Blend of preference n. and referendum n. (perhaps also with punning allusion to classical Latin praeferendum that is to be preferred: see preferendum n.¹). Compare preferential adj. 1c, preference voting n. at preference n. Compounds.In quot. 1970 with punning allusion to the U.S. political organization Referendum '70; compare:1970 N.Y. Times 20 Sept. 84 The shows..consist of work donated by artists for the benefit of Referendum 70, a national, non-partisan organization which seeks to elect anti-war Congressional candidates..The poster for the show is a drawing submitted by Saul Steinberg.1970 Washington Post 22 Sept. b7/5 Saul Steinberg posters, bearing the legend ‘Preferendum '70’ are also available for $10 apiece. In quot. 1974 translating Polish klibiscyt , an isolated attestation apparently < kli- (in klimat climate n.¹) + -biscyt (in plebiscyt plebiscite n.). In later use with reference to the voting system developed by Peter Emerson of the De Borda Institute in Belfast (compare quot. 1991). Originally: a referendum in which voters express their preference or preferences; (subsequently) a vote, typically having more than two options, in which voters give their responses in order of preference. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > expression of choice by some approved method > [noun] > a vote voicea1325 votec1478 suffragea1535 election1543 verdict1580 tonguea1616 proxy1660 preferendum1970 the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > expression of choice by some approved method > [noun] > referendum or plebiscite referendum1816 plebiscitum1855 plebiscite1860 preferendum1970 1970 S. Steinberg Poster for Exhib. (legend) Preferendum 70. 1974 M. Kandel tr. S. Lem Futurological Congr. 70 We just held a preferendum on the weather for September. Weather is determined by vote, a month at a time. Election returns instantly tallied by computer. 1991 P. Emerson Consensus Voting Systems Definitions p. x The ‘preferendum’ is a linear multiple-choice voting procedure in which (a) there shall be at least 3, usually from 6 to 10, and seldom more than 12, candidates or options; and (b) the voter shall, in his/her own order of choice, cast his/her preference points for all the candidates or options listed. 2005 Western Mail (Cardiff) (Nexis) 6 Jan. 14 Under the ‘preferendum’, voters would be able to list in order of preference their options from a list likely to include independence, an Assembly with law-making powers, the status quo and abolition. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1931n.²1970
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