presentmentn.

Brit.

/prᵻˈzɛntm(ə)nt/, U.S.

/priˈzɛntm(ə)nt/,

/prəˈzɛntm(ə)nt/

Forms: Middle English presentamente (in sense 2a), Middle English–1500s presentement, Middle English– presentment, 1500s presentmente, 1600s praesentment, 1600s presentmant.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: French presentment , presentement ; present v., -ment suffix.

Etymology: Originally < Anglo-Norman presentment and Anglo-Norman and Middle French presentement action of presenting, presentation (c1220 in Old French), report of a crime, accusation, denunciation (c1270 in Anglo-Norman) < presenter present v. + -ment -ment suffix. In later use partly also < present v. + -ment suffix. Compare Old Occitan prezentamen presentation (1334) and post-classical Latin presentamentum (from 1295 in British sources in sense 2). In the following quot. an error for presentiment:1716 D. Manley Secret Mem. (new ed.) II. 86 His Lordship took a Light in his Hand, and ascended the Stairs as softly as if he had had a Presentment of what Discovery he was about to make.

1. The act of presenting a person to or for any office, esp. a member of the clergy for institution to a benefice. Now historical. See present v. 2, presentation n. 1.See also darrein presentment at darrein adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > appointment to office > [noun] > presenting a person for office

presentmenta1325

society > faith > worship > benefice > advowson > [noun]

vowson1297

advowsonc1300

advocationa1325

presentationa1325

presentmenta1325

collationc1380

patronage1395

advowryc1460

avowrya1475

advowsonage1528

voisom1538

advowsante1539

donation1540

advowsement1590

beneficial1591

collating1642

advowsance1655

advocacy1711

advocateship1753

a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) v. 15 Ant that no clerk þat is mit te king, ne mit iustises, ne withholde fram nou forward presentement of churche..biþoute special leue of þe kinge.

a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 10944 Þe order of þe bysshopes presentement.

1425 Rolls of Parl. IV. 306/1 Hit bee laufull unto ye Patron of ye same Benefice, to presente yrto another conable clerc, whiche at his presentement, by ye ordinarie yrof shall be receyved and instituit.

a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1906) ii. ii. 423 Henry the fyrst..Comandit..that edwynus the sone of Godgose shold haue in pece & rest hys chyrche of seynt Gylys, and put hys clerke whom he wold by hys presentment.

1530 St. German's Secunde Dyaloge Doctour & Student xxvi. f. lxxiiii^v In the lawes of the realme..the ryght of presentment to a chyrch ys a temporall enherytaunce.

1579 Rastell's Expos. Termes Lawes (new ed.) 159 Presentment is when a man which hath right to geeue a benefice spirituall nameth the person to whome he wil giue it, and maketh a writing to the Bishop for him, that is a presentation or presentment.

1641 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) (at cited word) If divers coheires may not agree in presentment, the presentee of the eldest shall be admitted.

1702 Fuller once more Fulleris’d 9 He has the Testimonials of the Bishop, and Gentlemen of the Diocese, as well as the true Instrument of his Presentment now by him.

1719 Baron & Feme (ed. 2) xxxii. 379 Where Baron and Feme are divorced, where she is an Inheririx, mean Acts executed shall not be reversed by the Divorce, as Receipt of rent, Waste, Presentment to a Benefice, [etc.]

1786 E. Bullingbrooke Abridgm. Publick Statutes of Ireland I. sig. B^v When the King shall make..presentment to any benefice in any other's right, the title whereupon he groundeth himself shall be well examined.

1829 Times 26 Jan. 3/3 In claiming the profits of the living he had a right to go back from the time of his presentment in the year 1825.

1989 Eng. Hist. Rev. 104 894 The diocesan bishop had the right of presentment if a vacancy lasted more than half a year.

2004 R. H. Helmholz Oxf. Hist. Laws Eng. I. ix. 483 A common ground for claiming invalidity of a presentment was that it had involved simony.

2. Law. The action or an act of laying before a court or person in authority a formal statement of some matter to be legally dealt with (see present v. 3).

a. A statement on oath by a jury of a fact known to them. spec.: (a) the statement by a grand jury at assizes or quarter sessions of an indictable offence, or of the existence of a nuisance; †(b) the statement by the grand jury, or (later) of a presentment sessions in Ireland, of the amount due by a county or barony, and the method of its assessment (obsolete); (c) the statement by the jury of a court baron or court leet of matters from which rights accrue to the lord, or in respect of which his jurisdiction is invoked.See also Presentment of Englishry n. at Englishry n. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > [noun] > action of laying something before court

presentment1423

sentementc1500

tabling1528

reference1579

referrance1583

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > evidence > [noun] > testimony or statement of witness > made by jury

presentment1423

presentationa1500

1423 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 131 (MED) This ys presentement & enditement in þe warde of lymstrete y-mayd þe x day of Ianeuer in þe regne of kyng henry þe vj, þe fyrst yere.

1447 in S. A. Moore Lett. & Papers J. Shillingford (1871) 134 No man shuld be putte to answere before the King..without presentment before Justice.

a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1906) ii. 637 (MED) Kynge Edwarde sawe þe tenour of recorde & processe of a presentment..þat wer do þat time, vppon þe abbas of Godestowe.

a1525 Coventry Leet Bk. 185 The presentementes off þe letes, whan þey schuld be afered..schuld be a-ferred be iiij wurthy persons.

1588 A. Fraunce Lawiers Logike i. xii. f. 53^v I take a presentment to bee a meere denuntiation of the iurors themselues or of some other officer without any other information.

1615 Henley-in-Arden Rolls (1890) Presentments by the aletasters for vitlers: William Kerby shumaker faultie; John Knight Couper faultie; [and 10 others; each fined] xij^d.

a1634 E. Coke Compl. Copy-holder (1641) 159 Of Acts which amount to Forfeiture, some are Forfeits, eo instante, that they are committed: some are not Forfeits till presentment.

a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 567 The Grand Juries made [1683]..high presentments against all that were esteemed Whigs and Non-conformists.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. xxiii. 301 The presentment of a nuisance, a libel, or the like; upon which the officer of the Court must afterwards frame an indictment, before the party presented can be put to answer it.

1790 A. J. Dallas Rep. Cases Pennsylvania 1 237 The bills, or presentments, found by a grand Jury, amount to nothing more than an official accusation, in order to put the party accused upon his trial.

1812 Times 29 Oct. 2/2 The other presentment was for a pretended libel upon the Governor of Maryland.

1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. ii. v. 457 The grand jury has also an important constitutional right of presentment of offences from their own knowlege.

1882 Scriven's Law of Copyholds (ed. 6) xii. §2. 352 If no presentment was made in the court leet of articles of which that court had cognizance, they were to be presented in the tourn.

1889 Maitland Sel. Pleas Manorial Courts Introd. 24 [In 16th cent.] it is still theoretical law that the jury ought to make presentment concerning all who are not in frank-pledge.

1920 Jrnl. Amer. Instit. Criminal Law & Criminol. 11 274 The grand jury returned a special presentment against the accused, charging him with the offense of fornication.

1958 Ct. Criminal Appeal (Lexis) 21 Apr. The Administration of Justice Act 1933 abolished grand juries and substituted for presentments to grand juries committal for trial by magistrates.

1991 R. Grant Royal Forests of Eng. (BNC) 167 The Justice of the Forest or his deputy went on circuit every year... Forest wardens, verderers,..and sworn jurors made presentments before them of offences against vert and venison.

b. A similar statement made by a magistrate or justice of the peace, or by a constable. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > evidence > [noun] > testimony or statement of witness > made by magistrate or constable

presentment1523

1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xi. f. 20^v I shall true constable be..and true presentment make [etc.].

1535 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) I. 437 (Let. to Mayor & Aldermen, etc., of Cambridge), Ye have also refused alonly this yere, to make a certain othe..for..the presentement to the vicechauncelor of vagabundes and others.

1581 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha ii. vi. 404 Of like strength also..is the Presentment of the Constables concerning sundrie poinctes contayned in the Statute of Winchester, 13 E. I.

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Eee2^v/2 Presentment, is a meere denuntiation of the Iurours themselues, or some other officer, as Iustice, Constable, searcher, surueiours &c...of an offence inquirable in the court wherevnto it is presented.

1683 in B. Cusack Everyday Eng. 1500–1700 (1998) 308 The presentmants of the Constabls and Church wardenes of the pirsh and County aforsaid made the 9^th day of Aprill 1683.

1827 Ld. Eldon in R. V. Barnewall & C. Cresswell Rep. Cases King's Bench VII. 516 The presentment of a justice on his own knowledge has, by statute, in some cases, the force of a presentment by a grand jury.

1875 T. S. Pritchard Pract. Quarter Sessions i. iv. §3. 173 It may fairly be assumed that presentments by constables will be discontinued, and that..indictments will be substituted in the necessary cases.

1926 R. H. Tawney Relig. & Rise Capitalism iv. 263 In the country, the records of Quarter Sessions paint a picture of confusion, in which the machinery of presentment by constables to justices has broken down.

1997 Music & Lett. 78 3 Imposition was by means of conviction at Assizes, Gaol Delivery Sessions or Quarter Sessions after presentment by constables or information laid.

c. Ecclesiastical Law. A formal complaint or report of some offence or fault, made by a churchwarden or other parish authority to the bishop or archdeacon at his visitation.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > accusation, charge > [noun] > formal

presentment1576

gravamen1647

report1850

1576 E. Grindal Articles Canterb. xliv, in Remains (Parker Soc.) 170 Sums..forfeited..since the feast of Easter..until the day of giving up the presentment.

1603 Constit. & Canons Eccl. cxiii Every parson..may join in every presentment with the said church-wardens.

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia 195 The Church-wardens should meet twice a yeere, to haue all their presentments made perfect against the Assises.

1640 W. Laud Ann Accts. Province in Hist. Troubles (1695) 559 The Popish Recusants..do yearly increase there; and..this may appear by the Bills of presentment in his [sc. the Bishop's] Annual Inquisitions.

a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 530 The Clergy of the City refused to make presentments.

1720 W. Kennett Monitions to Clergy of Peterborough i. 28 The due Presentment of Defaults and Offences by the Church-Wardens upon their Oaths.

1901 Blunt's Bk. Ch. Law (ed. 9) iv. i Such presentments are now usually made once a year, at the archdeacon's or the bishop's visitation.

2005 Associated Press Online (Nexis) 11 Aug. They are preparing a ‘presentment’, a formal ecclesiastical charge, accusing Smith of ‘conduct unbecoming’ a bishop for suspending Hansen.

d. presentment sessions n. Irish History special sessions, involving certain local tax payers and the Grand Jury, formerly held in Ireland for the raising of public money for certain purposes.

ΚΠ

1836 Act 6 & 7 William IV c. 116 §4 Such justices are hereby required to assemble..with the cess payers associated with them..to hold a special or presentment sessions for the purposes of this Act.

1836 Act 6 & 7 William IV c. 116 §5 Grand juries..are hereby required, at each assizes, to appoint..certain places..(one in each barony or half barony) where..presentment sessions shall be..holden previous to the next assizes.

1898 Act 61 & 62 Vict. c. 37 §4 (1) The county council..shall..have the powers and duties of the grand jury and the said [county at large] presentment sessions.

1898 Act 61 & 62 Vict. c. 37 §27 There shall be transferred..to the district council of every county district, the business of any baronial presentment sessions so far as respects that district.

1963 L. P. Curtis Coercion & Conciliation in Ireland, 1880–1892 xvi. 384 The new bill replaced the presentment sessions with elected county and baronial councils (the latter being roughly equivalent to district councils in England).

1996 Irish Times (Nexis) 19 Oct. 4 Hungry peasants and eager farmers cause riots at ‘presentment sessions’, meetings called to consider projects.

3. The action or an act of setting forth or describing something; a statement or explication; the form or method of setting something forth in this way.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > [noun]

declaration1340

propositionc1390

presentmentc1454

unsecretness1526

advancement1532

representation1553

upgiving1574

pronouncement1593

presentation1597

proposal1597

declarement1633

pronounce1641

enunciation1651

declaring1667

advance1699

declarature1729

statement1776

stating1780

constatation1952

the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > [noun]

descrivingc1325

declaration1382

descriptiona1387

devisementc1400

descrying1440

presentmentc1454

describing1553

delineation1578

display1583

presentation1597

representationa1602

diction1604

characterism1608

deciphera1670

characterization1801

redescription1839

descriptivism1935

c1454 R. Pecock Folewer to Donet 76 (MED) Resoun and fre wil han naturali þis ordre bitwixe hem: þat þe resoun schal first..schewe forþ what deede is to be doon or to be left vndoon..and þat þe wil neiþir chese neiþir refuse..forto execute..eny outward deede, eer þan avisose doom of resoun go bifore such now seid..presentment to þe wil.

1611 T. Heywood Golden Age i. sig. B The Gods of Greece..Haue giuen old Homer leaue to view the world And make his owne presentment.

1791 E. Topham Life Late John Elwes (ed. 10) p. vi The delightful Memoirs of Sully, listening to such objections, had never seen the light; and all that aids Virtue, or marks Vice, by the presentment of recorded character, all had been funk.

1832 R. Southey Ess. II. 334 It is in a fair way of putting an end to that particular cause of complaint, which, in all latter presentments of the grievances of Ireland, had been made to hold the most prominent place.

1873 M. Arnold Lit. & Dogma Introd. 4 The feeling of the chief people in the religious world..seems to be just now..in favour of dogma, of a scientific and exact presentment of religious things, instead of a literary presentment of them.

1881 Athenæum 5 Feb. 195 Not less vivid are the presentments of character afforded us.

1932 F. R. Leavis New Bearings in Eng. Poetry vi. 209 This poem, which is half-a-dozen or more pages long, is partly dramatic in presentment, and exhibits great variety of theme, movement and tone.

2005 Canad. Corporate Newswire (Nexis) 5 July Upon review of corporate activities in 2004 by W. Rege Brunner, and presentment of the annual financials by J. Christopher Cuevas, the vote was tallied and the meeting adjourned.

4. The act of presenting something to sight or hearing, or something so presented.

a. The representation of an object by a picture, image, or graphic description; delineation. Frequently concrete: a picture, a portrait, a likeness. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > [noun] > an artistic representation

ylikenesseOE

likenessOE

anlikenessOE

ylikeOE

imagec1300

acornc1388

portraiturea1393

resemblancea1393

semblanta1400

counterfeitc1400

shapec1400

statuec1405

representation1477

presentationa1513

presentment1535

effigy1539

porture1542

express1553

effigium1564

representance1565

designment1570

icon1572

mimesisa1586

effigies1615

expressurea1616

represent1615

signature1618

proportion1678

representative1766

rendering1825

buggerlugs1839

effigiation1876

1535 J. Fisher Wayes to Perfect Relig. in Eng. Wks. (1876) 381 So that euerie of them myght receiue a presentment of the Image.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. iv. 53 The counterfeit presentment of two brothers.

1775 S. Hayes Duelling 13 To the frantick Crowd Poets of old on noblest purpose bent Have thus arraign'd aspiring vice..By holding up to the enlighten'd sense, The counterfeit presentment of itself.

1822 Times 20 Dec. 2/6 He delivers to his master, not the picture of the beautiful Swede, but the ‘counterfeit presentment’ of his own daughter.

1855 G. Brimley Ess. (1858) i. 46 A poem which consists of a series of actions admitting of splendid pictorial presentment.

1871 M. Collins Marquis & Merchant II. i. 3 He could not recognise in his own daughter the feminine presentment of himself.

1885 ‘E. Garrett’ At Any Cost xvi Landseer's touching presentment of the faithful dog resting its head on its dead master's coffin.

1909 Catholic Encycl. VI. 229/2 We are dependent for the traditional presentment of Francis..on artists' ideals.

1991 J. Darracott Art Criticism 44 It is less removed from the ordinary conception of a portrait arrangement... There is a less complete frontality of presentment and symmetry of design.

b. The act of presenting something on the stage; a theatrical or dramatic representation; the performance of a play, etc. Now rare. In quot. 1881: the performance or rendering of a musical work.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > [noun] > a theatrical production

presentment1601

offering1820

1601 B. Jonson Fountaine of Selfe-love v. v. sig. L2^v You saw I durst not venter vpon any Deuice in our presentment: but was content to be no other then a simple Page.

a1626 W. Rowley Birth of Merlin (1662) sig. D1^v Earl Cador's Marriage, and a Masque to grace it, so, so. This night shall make me famous for Presentments.

1668 J. Dryden Of Dramatick Poesie 50 Three hours and a half, which is no more than is requir'd for the presentment on the Stage.

1841 H. W. Longfellow Children Lord's Supper 26 The Feast of the Leafy Pavilions Saw we in living presentment.

1876 G. Bancroft Hist. U.S. (rev. ed.) I. iv. 116 She was an honored guest at the presentment of a burlesque masque.

1881 Athenæum 10 Sept. 348/1 Works of Beethoven and Wagner present the greatest facilities for presentment in this way.

1909 Bookman June 399/2 In the moving picture..you get, together with the pantomimic presentment of some human drama, countless other motions.

1933 M. D. Calvocoressi tr. H. Scherchen Handbk. Conducting 187 Conducting should never be confused either with dramatic acting, pantomimic presentment or gymnastics.

c. The appearance, aspect, form, or mode in which something is presented; exhibition, display; an instance of this. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > manifestation > [noun]

uppingc950

showingOE

propositiona1382

evidencec1384

musterc1400

manifestation?a1425

demonstrationc1450

ostension1474

demonstrance1509

ostentationa1513

forthsetting1528

apparition1533

manifesting1536

outshow1547

objection1554

displaying1556

proclamation1567

discovery1576

remonstrance1583

appearance1587

explicature1592

ostent1600

object1609

showing forth1615

innotescencea1631

presentment1637

deplication1648

display1661

exertion1668

extraversion1675

exhibitiona1677

exertment1696

show-off1776

unfoldment1850

outcrop1854

outplay1859

eclosion1889

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > appearance or aspect > [noun]

onseneeOE

bleea1000

shapeOE

ylikeOE

laitc1175

semblanta1225

sightc1275

fare1297

showingc1300

specea1325

parelc1330

guise1340

countenance1362

semblance?a1366

apparel1377

regardc1380

apparencec1384

imagec1384

spicec1384

overseeminga1398

kenninga1400

seemingc1400

visage1422

rinda1450

semenauntc1450

'pearance1456

outwardc1475

representation1489

favour?a1500

figurea1522

assemblant1523

prospect?1533

respect1535

visure1545

perceiverance1546

outwardshine1549

species1559

utter-shape1566

look1567

physiognomy1567

face1572

paintry1573

visor1575

mienc1586

superficies?1589

behaviour1590

aspect1594

complexion1597

confrontment1604

show1604

aira1616

beseeminga1616

formality1615

resemblancea1616

blush1620

upcomea1630

presentment1637

scheme1655

sensation1662

visibility1669

plumage1707

facies1727

remark1748

extrinsica1797

exterior1801

showance1820

the cut of one's jib1823

personnel1839

personal appearance1842

what-like1853

look-see1898

outwall1933

visuality1938

prosopon1947

1637 J. Milton Comus 6 To cheate the eye with bleare illusion, And give it false presentments.

1857 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 5 July in Eng. Notebks. (1997) II. vi. 302 We did not see Loch Katrine, perhaps, under its best presentment.

1874 J. S. Blackie On Self-culture 65 In his presentment as a member of society he should take a sacred care to be more than he seems, not to seem more than he is.

1905 Academy 4 Feb. 99/2 The stories are naught, for they are a common fund, and, when stripped of the presentment, they are not very numerous.

2004 Canada NewsWire (Nexis) 4 Aug. For Internet document presentment in PDF, performance has been improved by supporting AFP GOCA objects in PDF as vector graphics.

5. The act of offering something for acceptance or consideration; the dedication of a book; giving, bestowal; delivery; = presentation n. 4. Now: spec. the presenting of a bill, cheque, etc., for payment.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > other practices > [noun] > presentation

presentation?a1425

presentment1583

porrection1890

society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > matter preceding text > dedication

inscriptiona1400

presentment1583

dedication1598

dedicatory1598

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > [noun] > greeting or salutation > action of presenting

presentment1583

the mind > possession > giving > [noun] > presenting > to the proper quarter

presentation1427

presentment1769

society > trade and finance > charges > [noun] > presenting for payment

presentment1776

presentation1866

1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke p. iii To excuse my selfe, in that I have not laboured to fit your affection in the presentment of this my labour, which is so impossible; in respect of your singular knowledg in al kind of good lerning.

1597 C. Middleton Famous Hist. Chinon iii. sig. D3^v The presentment of his Prize to his peareles Parramour.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) i. i. 27 When comes your Booke forth? Poet. Vpon the heeles of my presentment sir.

1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 8 To trick up the name of some Esquire..to be his book-patron with the appendant form of a ceremonious presentment.

1659 H. L'Estrange Alliance Divine Offices 244 The presentment of children at the Font, is most properly the Act of the Church.

1665 J. Collins Let. 2 Jan. in S. P. Rigaud & S. J. Rigaud Corr. Sci. Men 17th Cent. (1841) (modernized text) II. 459 He desires the presentment of his most humble service.

1690 W. Walker Idiomatologia Anglo-Lat. Pref. 1 To make presentment of a new book to you.

1769 E. Burke Corr. (1844) I. 216 To settle matters about the presentment of the petition.

1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. ii. ii. 394 They promised payment..six months after such presentment .

1882 Act 45 & 46 Vict. c. 61 §87 (2) Presentment for payment is necessary in order to render the indorser of a note liable.

1905 M. Livingstone Guide Public Rec. Scotl. 92 Considerable looseness..prevailed..in booking the writs in their proper order of presentment.

1951 W. H. Jennings Canad. Law Bus. & Personal Use iv. 69 The endorser of a cheque..by endorsing it..guarantees that on presentment the cheque will be paid according to its terms.

2001 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 24 Dec. c3/2 For most Americans..electronic bill presentment and payment is a nice idea whose time has not yet come.

†a. The action of becoming apparent or present to the mind or to the imagination; appearance, suggestion; a concept or image apparent to the mind. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > [noun] > graphic or vivid

pencilc1385

paintinga1400

portraiture?c1430

picturing1562

hypotyposis1570

presentment1633

portrayment?1650

scene painting1777

word painting1807

portrayal1836

pictorialism1869

the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > mental image, idea, or fancy > [noun]

huea1000

imagination1340

imagea1393

portraiturea1393

trowc1460

fume1531

imaginary1594

phantasm1594

trajection1594

representationa1602

idolum1619

object1651

tablature1661

fancy1663

representamen1677

phantom1686

presentment1817

fantasy1823

projection1836

visuality1841

thought-picture1844

imago1863

vestige1885

the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > idea, notion, or concept > [noun] > occupying the mind

thoughta1250

apprehension1579

intellection1579

reflect1594

notion1603

idea1633

reflection1648

presentment1817

earthly1897

1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (ii. 14) 898 That sinne at the first presentment would affright a man, which hee juggles on by degrees.

1817 S. T. Coleridge Biographia Literaria I. ix. 144 The writings of these mystics..gave me an indistinct, yet stirring and working presentment.

1856 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters III. 50 The continual presentment to the mind of this beautiful and fully realized imagery more and more chilled its power of apprehending the real truth.

1884 H. D. Traill in Macmillan's Mag. Oct. 443/1 Vividness of presentment to the imagination is not all that language has to provide for.

b. Metaphysics and Psychology. = presentation n. 8. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > psychology of perception > process of perception > [noun]

presentmenta1842

presentation1849

perception1875

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > idealism > [noun] > Kantianism > elements of

conception1701

schematism1794

categorical imperative1796

intuition1796

matter1796

receptivity1796

schema1796

dialectic1797

multifarious1798

reciprocity1799

form1803

synthesis1817

Anschauung1820

manifold?1822

category1829

modality1836

multiplex1836

predicable1838

multiple1839

multiplicity1839

presentmenta1842

elanguescence1855

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > epistemology > [noun] > cognition > Lockianism > elements of

idea1649

mode1671

reflection1690

presentmenta1842

presentation1849

infusion1857

a1842 W. Hamilton Diss. in T. Reid Wks. App. 819 Which..supposes that the Idea is an original and absolute presentment, and..constitutes the doctrine of Ideal presentative perception.

1856 J. F. Ferrier Inst. Metaphysic (ed. 2) v. 144 The qualities of matter by themselves are, equally with matter itself, an objective presentment without a subject.

1877 E. R. Conder Basis of Faith iv. 153 Such is our knowledge of our own sensations, emotions, and all direct presentments of consciousness apart from memory.

1882 F. W. Farrar Early Days Christianity II. 382 The Nominalist who regards abstract terms as representing nothing but the generalisations of the mind out of concrete presentments.

1932 Jrnl. Philos. 29 254 The ‘presentment’ of the star in your perception might be regarded as an event occurring under the same general laws of the physical universe which condition the real existence of the star. Or it might be supposed to occur under purely ‘mental’ conditions.

†7. The ceremonial introduction of a person; = presentation n. 2b. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1668 J. Howe Blessednesse of Righteous v. 72 An exceeding joy..that shall attend the presentment of Saints there.

1754 Countess of Shaftesbury in Lett. Ld. Malmesbury (1870) I. 81 It was to attend my niece to the ceremony of presentment.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	presentment
释义	presentmentn. Brit. /prᵻˈzɛntm(ə)nt/, U.S. /priˈzɛntm(ə)nt/, /prəˈzɛntm(ə)nt/ Forms: Middle English presentamente (in sense 2a), Middle English–1500s presentement, Middle English– presentment, 1500s presentmente, 1600s praesentment, 1600s presentmant. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: French presentment , presentement ; present v., -ment suffix. Etymology: Originally < Anglo-Norman presentment and Anglo-Norman and Middle French presentement action of presenting, presentation (c1220 in Old French), report of a crime, accusation, denunciation (c1270 in Anglo-Norman) < presenter present v. + -ment -ment suffix. In later use partly also < present v. + -ment suffix. Compare Old Occitan prezentamen presentation (1334) and post-classical Latin presentamentum (from 1295 in British sources in sense 2). In the following quot. an error for presentiment:1716 D. Manley Secret Mem. (new ed.) II. 86 His Lordship took a Light in his Hand, and ascended the Stairs as softly as if he had had a Presentment of what Discovery he was about to make. 1. The act of presenting a person to or for any office, esp. a member of the clergy for institution to a benefice. Now historical. See present v. 2, presentation n. 1.See also darrein presentment at darrein adj. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > [noun] > presenting a person for office presentmenta1325 society > faith > worship > benefice > advowson > [noun] vowson1297 advowsonc1300 advocationa1325 presentationa1325 presentmenta1325 collationc1380 patronage1395 advowryc1460 avowrya1475 advowsonage1528 voisom1538 advowsante1539 donation1540 advowsement1590 beneficial1591 collating1642 advowsance1655 advocacy1711 advocateship1753 a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) v. 15 Ant that no clerk þat is mit te king, ne mit iustises, ne withholde fram nou forward presentement of churche..biþoute special leue of þe kinge. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 10944 Þe order of þe bysshopes presentement. 1425 Rolls of Parl. IV. 306/1 Hit bee laufull unto ye Patron of ye same Benefice, to presente yrto another conable clerc, whiche at his presentement, by ye ordinarie yrof shall be receyved and instituit. a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1906) ii. ii. 423 Henry the fyrst..Comandit..that edwynus the sone of Godgose shold haue in pece & rest hys chyrche of seynt Gylys, and put hys clerke whom he wold by hys presentment. 1530 St. German's Secunde Dyaloge Doctour & Student xxvi. f. lxxiiii^v In the lawes of the realme..the ryght of presentment to a chyrch ys a temporall enherytaunce. 1579 Rastell's Expos. Termes Lawes (new ed.) 159 Presentment is when a man which hath right to geeue a benefice spirituall nameth the person to whome he wil giue it, and maketh a writing to the Bishop for him, that is a presentation or presentment. 1641 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) (at cited word) If divers coheires may not agree in presentment, the presentee of the eldest shall be admitted. 1702 Fuller once more Fulleris’d 9 He has the Testimonials of the Bishop, and Gentlemen of the Diocese, as well as the true Instrument of his Presentment now by him. 1719 Baron & Feme (ed. 2) xxxii. 379 Where Baron and Feme are divorced, where she is an Inheririx, mean Acts executed shall not be reversed by the Divorce, as Receipt of rent, Waste, Presentment to a Benefice, [etc.] 1786 E. Bullingbrooke Abridgm. Publick Statutes of Ireland I. sig. B^v When the King shall make..presentment to any benefice in any other's right, the title whereupon he groundeth himself shall be well examined. 1829 Times 26 Jan. 3/3 In claiming the profits of the living he had a right to go back from the time of his presentment in the year 1825. 1989 Eng. Hist. Rev. 104 894 The diocesan bishop had the right of presentment if a vacancy lasted more than half a year. 2004 R. H. Helmholz Oxf. Hist. Laws Eng. I. ix. 483 A common ground for claiming invalidity of a presentment was that it had involved simony. 2. Law. The action or an act of laying before a court or person in authority a formal statement of some matter to be legally dealt with (see present v. 3). a. A statement on oath by a jury of a fact known to them. spec.: (a) the statement by a grand jury at assizes or quarter sessions of an indictable offence, or of the existence of a nuisance; †(b) the statement by the grand jury, or (later) of a presentment sessions in Ireland, of the amount due by a county or barony, and the method of its assessment (obsolete); (c) the statement by the jury of a court baron or court leet of matters from which rights accrue to the lord, or in respect of which his jurisdiction is invoked.See also Presentment of Englishry n. at Englishry n. 2a. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > [noun] > action of laying something before court presentment1423 sentementc1500 tabling1528 reference1579 referrance1583 society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > evidence > [noun] > testimony or statement of witness > made by jury presentment1423 presentationa1500 1423 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 131 (MED) This ys presentement & enditement in þe warde of lymstrete y-mayd þe x day of Ianeuer in þe regne of kyng henry þe vj, þe fyrst yere. 1447 in S. A. Moore Lett. & Papers J. Shillingford (1871) 134 No man shuld be putte to answere before the King..without presentment before Justice. a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1906) ii. 637 (MED) Kynge Edwarde sawe þe tenour of recorde & processe of a presentment..þat wer do þat time, vppon þe abbas of Godestowe. a1525 Coventry Leet Bk. 185 The presentementes off þe letes, whan þey schuld be afered..schuld be a-ferred be iiij wurthy persons. 1588 A. Fraunce Lawiers Logike i. xii. f. 53^v I take a presentment to bee a meere denuntiation of the iurors themselues or of some other officer without any other information. 1615 Henley-in-Arden Rolls (1890) Presentments by the aletasters for vitlers: William Kerby shumaker faultie; John Knight Couper faultie; [and 10 others; each fined] xij^d. a1634 E. Coke Compl. Copy-holder (1641) 159 Of Acts which amount to Forfeiture, some are Forfeits, eo instante, that they are committed: some are not Forfeits till presentment. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 567 The Grand Juries made [1683]..high presentments against all that were esteemed Whigs and Non-conformists. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. xxiii. 301 The presentment of a nuisance, a libel, or the like; upon which the officer of the Court must afterwards frame an indictment, before the party presented can be put to answer it. 1790 A. J. Dallas Rep. Cases Pennsylvania 1 237 The bills, or presentments, found by a grand Jury, amount to nothing more than an official accusation, in order to put the party accused upon his trial. 1812 Times 29 Oct. 2/2 The other presentment was for a pretended libel upon the Governor of Maryland. 1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. ii. v. 457 The grand jury has also an important constitutional right of presentment of offences from their own knowlege. 1882 Scriven's Law of Copyholds (ed. 6) xii. §2. 352 If no presentment was made in the court leet of articles of which that court had cognizance, they were to be presented in the tourn. 1889 Maitland Sel. Pleas Manorial Courts Introd. 24 [In 16th cent.] it is still theoretical law that the jury ought to make presentment concerning all who are not in frank-pledge. 1920 Jrnl. Amer. Instit. Criminal Law & Criminol. 11 274 The grand jury returned a special presentment against the accused, charging him with the offense of fornication. 1958 Ct. Criminal Appeal (Lexis) 21 Apr. The Administration of Justice Act 1933 abolished grand juries and substituted for presentments to grand juries committal for trial by magistrates. 1991 R. Grant Royal Forests of Eng. (BNC) 167 The Justice of the Forest or his deputy went on circuit every year... Forest wardens, verderers,..and sworn jurors made presentments before them of offences against vert and venison. b. A similar statement made by a magistrate or justice of the peace, or by a constable. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > evidence > [noun] > testimony or statement of witness > made by magistrate or constable presentment1523 1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xi. f. 20^v I shall true constable be..and true presentment make [etc.]. 1535 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) I. 437 (Let. to Mayor & Aldermen, etc., of Cambridge), Ye have also refused alonly this yere, to make a certain othe..for..the presentement to the vicechauncelor of vagabundes and others. 1581 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha ii. vi. 404 Of like strength also..is the Presentment of the Constables concerning sundrie poinctes contayned in the Statute of Winchester, 13 E. I. 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Eee2^v/2 Presentment, is a meere denuntiation of the Iurours themselues, or some other officer, as Iustice, Constable, searcher, surueiours &c...of an offence inquirable in the court wherevnto it is presented. 1683 in B. Cusack Everyday Eng. 1500–1700 (1998) 308 The presentmants of the Constabls and Church wardenes of the pirsh and County aforsaid made the 9^th day of Aprill 1683. 1827 Ld. Eldon in R. V. Barnewall & C. Cresswell Rep. Cases King's Bench VII. 516 The presentment of a justice on his own knowledge has, by statute, in some cases, the force of a presentment by a grand jury. 1875 T. S. Pritchard Pract. Quarter Sessions i. iv. §3. 173 It may fairly be assumed that presentments by constables will be discontinued, and that..indictments will be substituted in the necessary cases. 1926 R. H. Tawney Relig. & Rise Capitalism iv. 263 In the country, the records of Quarter Sessions paint a picture of confusion, in which the machinery of presentment by constables to justices has broken down. 1997 Music & Lett. 78 3 Imposition was by means of conviction at Assizes, Gaol Delivery Sessions or Quarter Sessions after presentment by constables or information laid. c. Ecclesiastical Law. A formal complaint or report of some offence or fault, made by a churchwarden or other parish authority to the bishop or archdeacon at his visitation. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > accusation, charge > [noun] > formal presentment1576 gravamen1647 report1850 1576 E. Grindal Articles Canterb. xliv, in Remains (Parker Soc.) 170 Sums..forfeited..since the feast of Easter..until the day of giving up the presentment. 1603 Constit. & Canons Eccl. cxiii Every parson..may join in every presentment with the said church-wardens. 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia 195 The Church-wardens should meet twice a yeere, to haue all their presentments made perfect against the Assises. 1640 W. Laud Ann Accts. Province in Hist. Troubles (1695) 559 The Popish Recusants..do yearly increase there; and..this may appear by the Bills of presentment in his [sc. the Bishop's] Annual Inquisitions. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 530 The Clergy of the City refused to make presentments. 1720 W. Kennett Monitions to Clergy of Peterborough i. 28 The due Presentment of Defaults and Offences by the Church-Wardens upon their Oaths. 1901 Blunt's Bk. Ch. Law (ed. 9) iv. i Such presentments are now usually made once a year, at the archdeacon's or the bishop's visitation. 2005 Associated Press Online (Nexis) 11 Aug. They are preparing a ‘presentment’, a formal ecclesiastical charge, accusing Smith of ‘conduct unbecoming’ a bishop for suspending Hansen. d. presentment sessions n. Irish History special sessions, involving certain local tax payers and the Grand Jury, formerly held in Ireland for the raising of public money for certain purposes. ΚΠ 1836 Act 6 & 7 William IV c. 116 §4 Such justices are hereby required to assemble..with the cess payers associated with them..to hold a special or presentment sessions for the purposes of this Act. 1836 Act 6 & 7 William IV c. 116 §5 Grand juries..are hereby required, at each assizes, to appoint..certain places..(one in each barony or half barony) where..presentment sessions shall be..holden previous to the next assizes. 1898 Act 61 & 62 Vict. c. 37 §4 (1) The county council..shall..have the powers and duties of the grand jury and the said [county at large] presentment sessions. 1898 Act 61 & 62 Vict. c. 37 §27 There shall be transferred..to the district council of every county district, the business of any baronial presentment sessions so far as respects that district. 1963 L. P. Curtis Coercion & Conciliation in Ireland, 1880–1892 xvi. 384 The new bill replaced the presentment sessions with elected county and baronial councils (the latter being roughly equivalent to district councils in England). 1996 Irish Times (Nexis) 19 Oct. 4 Hungry peasants and eager farmers cause riots at ‘presentment sessions’, meetings called to consider projects. 3. The action or an act of setting forth or describing something; a statement or explication; the form or method of setting something forth in this way. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > [noun] declaration1340 propositionc1390 presentmentc1454 unsecretness1526 advancement1532 representation1553 upgiving1574 pronouncement1593 presentation1597 proposal1597 declarement1633 pronounce1641 enunciation1651 declaring1667 advance1699 declarature1729 statement1776 stating1780 constatation1952 the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > [noun] descrivingc1325 declaration1382 descriptiona1387 devisementc1400 descrying1440 presentmentc1454 describing1553 delineation1578 display1583 presentation1597 representationa1602 diction1604 characterism1608 deciphera1670 characterization1801 redescription1839 descriptivism1935 c1454 R. Pecock Folewer to Donet 76 (MED) Resoun and fre wil han naturali þis ordre bitwixe hem: þat þe resoun schal first..schewe forþ what deede is to be doon or to be left vndoon..and þat þe wil neiþir chese neiþir refuse..forto execute..eny outward deede, eer þan avisose doom of resoun go bifore such now seid..presentment to þe wil. 1611 T. Heywood Golden Age i. sig. B The Gods of Greece..Haue giuen old Homer leaue to view the world And make his owne presentment. 1791 E. Topham Life Late John Elwes (ed. 10) p. vi The delightful Memoirs of Sully, listening to such objections, had never seen the light; and all that aids Virtue, or marks Vice, by the presentment of recorded character, all had been funk. 1832 R. Southey Ess. II. 334 It is in a fair way of putting an end to that particular cause of complaint, which, in all latter presentments of the grievances of Ireland, had been made to hold the most prominent place. 1873 M. Arnold Lit. & Dogma Introd. 4 The feeling of the chief people in the religious world..seems to be just now..in favour of dogma, of a scientific and exact presentment of religious things, instead of a literary presentment of them. 1881 Athenæum 5 Feb. 195 Not less vivid are the presentments of character afforded us. 1932 F. R. Leavis New Bearings in Eng. Poetry vi. 209 This poem, which is half-a-dozen or more pages long, is partly dramatic in presentment, and exhibits great variety of theme, movement and tone. 2005 Canad. Corporate Newswire (Nexis) 5 July Upon review of corporate activities in 2004 by W. Rege Brunner, and presentment of the annual financials by J. Christopher Cuevas, the vote was tallied and the meeting adjourned. 4. The act of presenting something to sight or hearing, or something so presented. a. The representation of an object by a picture, image, or graphic description; delineation. Frequently concrete: a picture, a portrait, a likeness. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > [noun] > an artistic representation ylikenesseOE likenessOE anlikenessOE ylikeOE imagec1300 acornc1388 portraiturea1393 resemblancea1393 semblanta1400 counterfeitc1400 shapec1400 statuec1405 representation1477 presentationa1513 presentment1535 effigy1539 porture1542 express1553 effigium1564 representance1565 designment1570 icon1572 mimesisa1586 effigies1615 expressurea1616 represent1615 signature1618 proportion1678 representative1766 rendering1825 buggerlugs1839 effigiation1876 1535 J. Fisher Wayes to Perfect Relig. in Eng. Wks. (1876) 381 So that euerie of them myght receiue a presentment of the Image. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. iv. 53 The counterfeit presentment of two brothers. View more context for this quotation 1775 S. Hayes Duelling 13 To the frantick Crowd Poets of old on noblest purpose bent Have thus arraign'd aspiring vice..By holding up to the enlighten'd sense, The counterfeit presentment of itself. 1822 Times 20 Dec. 2/6 He delivers to his master, not the picture of the beautiful Swede, but the ‘counterfeit presentment’ of his own daughter. 1855 G. Brimley Ess. (1858) i. 46 A poem which consists of a series of actions admitting of splendid pictorial presentment. 1871 M. Collins Marquis & Merchant II. i. 3 He could not recognise in his own daughter the feminine presentment of himself. 1885 ‘E. Garrett’ At Any Cost xvi Landseer's touching presentment of the faithful dog resting its head on its dead master's coffin. 1909 Catholic Encycl. VI. 229/2 We are dependent for the traditional presentment of Francis..on artists' ideals. 1991 J. Darracott Art Criticism 44 It is less removed from the ordinary conception of a portrait arrangement... There is a less complete frontality of presentment and symmetry of design. b. The act of presenting something on the stage; a theatrical or dramatic representation; the performance of a play, etc. Now rare. In quot. 1881: the performance or rendering of a musical work. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > [noun] > a theatrical production presentment1601 offering1820 1601 B. Jonson Fountaine of Selfe-love v. v. sig. L2^v You saw I durst not venter vpon any Deuice in our presentment: but was content to be no other then a simple Page. a1626 W. Rowley Birth of Merlin (1662) sig. D1^v Earl Cador's Marriage, and a Masque to grace it, so, so. This night shall make me famous for Presentments. 1668 J. Dryden Of Dramatick Poesie 50 Three hours and a half, which is no more than is requir'd for the presentment on the Stage. 1841 H. W. Longfellow Children Lord's Supper 26 The Feast of the Leafy Pavilions Saw we in living presentment. 1876 G. Bancroft Hist. U.S. (rev. ed.) I. iv. 116 She was an honored guest at the presentment of a burlesque masque. 1881 Athenæum 10 Sept. 348/1 Works of Beethoven and Wagner present the greatest facilities for presentment in this way. 1909 Bookman June 399/2 In the moving picture..you get, together with the pantomimic presentment of some human drama, countless other motions. 1933 M. D. Calvocoressi tr. H. Scherchen Handbk. Conducting 187 Conducting should never be confused either with dramatic acting, pantomimic presentment or gymnastics. c. The appearance, aspect, form, or mode in which something is presented; exhibition, display; an instance of this. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > [noun] uppingc950 showingOE propositiona1382 evidencec1384 musterc1400 manifestation?a1425 demonstrationc1450 ostension1474 demonstrance1509 ostentationa1513 forthsetting1528 apparition1533 manifesting1536 outshow1547 objection1554 displaying1556 proclamation1567 discovery1576 remonstrance1583 appearance1587 explicature1592 ostent1600 object1609 showing forth1615 innotescencea1631 presentment1637 deplication1648 display1661 exertion1668 extraversion1675 exhibitiona1677 exertment1696 show-off1776 unfoldment1850 outcrop1854 outplay1859 eclosion1889 the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > appearance or aspect > [noun] onseneeOE bleea1000 shapeOE ylikeOE laitc1175 semblanta1225 sightc1275 fare1297 showingc1300 specea1325 parelc1330 guise1340 countenance1362 semblance?a1366 apparel1377 regardc1380 apparencec1384 imagec1384 spicec1384 overseeminga1398 kenninga1400 seemingc1400 visage1422 rinda1450 semenauntc1450 'pearance1456 outwardc1475 representation1489 favour?a1500 figurea1522 assemblant1523 prospect?1533 respect1535 visure1545 perceiverance1546 outwardshine1549 view1556 species1559 utter-shape1566 look1567 physiognomy1567 face1572 paintry1573 visor1575 mienc1586 superficies?1589 behaviour1590 aspect1594 complexion1597 confrontment1604 show1604 aira1616 beseeminga1616 formality1615 resemblancea1616 blush1620 upcomea1630 presentment1637 scheme1655 sensation1662 visibility1669 plumage1707 facies1727 remark1748 extrinsica1797 exterior1801 showance1820 the cut of one's jib1823 personnel1839 personal appearance1842 what-like1853 look-see1898 outwall1933 visuality1938 prosopon1947 1637 J. Milton Comus 6 To cheate the eye with bleare illusion, And give it false presentments. 1857 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 5 July in Eng. Notebks. (1997) II. vi. 302 We did not see Loch Katrine, perhaps, under its best presentment. 1874 J. S. Blackie On Self-culture 65 In his presentment as a member of society he should take a sacred care to be more than he seems, not to seem more than he is. 1905 Academy 4 Feb. 99/2 The stories are naught, for they are a common fund, and, when stripped of the presentment, they are not very numerous. 2004 Canada NewsWire (Nexis) 4 Aug. For Internet document presentment in PDF, performance has been improved by supporting AFP GOCA objects in PDF as vector graphics. 5. The act of offering something for acceptance or consideration; the dedication of a book; giving, bestowal; delivery; = presentation n. 4. Now: spec. the presenting of a bill, cheque, etc., for payment. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > other practices > [noun] > presentation presentation?a1425 presentment1583 porrection1890 society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > matter preceding text > dedication inscriptiona1400 presentment1583 dedication1598 dedicatory1598 the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > [noun] > greeting or salutation > action of presenting presentment1583 the mind > possession > giving > [noun] > presenting > to the proper quarter presentation1427 presentment1769 society > trade and finance > charges > [noun] > presenting for payment presentment1776 presentation1866 1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke p. iii To excuse my selfe, in that I have not laboured to fit your affection in the presentment of this my labour, which is so impossible; in respect of your singular knowledg in al kind of good lerning. 1597 C. Middleton Famous Hist. Chinon iii. sig. D3^v The presentment of his Prize to his peareles Parramour. a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) i. i. 27 When comes your Booke forth? Poet. Vpon the heeles of my presentment sir. View more context for this quotation 1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 8 To trick up the name of some Esquire..to be his book-patron with the appendant form of a ceremonious presentment. 1659 H. L'Estrange Alliance Divine Offices 244 The presentment of children at the Font, is most properly the Act of the Church. 1665 J. Collins Let. 2 Jan. in S. P. Rigaud & S. J. Rigaud Corr. Sci. Men 17th Cent. (1841) (modernized text) II. 459 He desires the presentment of his most humble service. 1690 W. Walker Idiomatologia Anglo-Lat. Pref. 1 To make presentment of a new book to you. 1769 E. Burke Corr. (1844) I. 216 To settle matters about the presentment of the petition. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. ii. ii. 394 They promised payment..six months after such presentment . View more context for this quotation 1882 Act 45 & 46 Vict. c. 61 §87 (2) Presentment for payment is necessary in order to render the indorser of a note liable. 1905 M. Livingstone Guide Public Rec. Scotl. 92 Considerable looseness..prevailed..in booking the writs in their proper order of presentment. 1951 W. H. Jennings Canad. Law Bus. & Personal Use iv. 69 The endorser of a cheque..by endorsing it..guarantees that on presentment the cheque will be paid according to its terms. 2001 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 24 Dec. c3/2 For most Americans..electronic bill presentment and payment is a nice idea whose time has not yet come. 6. †a. The action of becoming apparent or present to the mind or to the imagination; appearance, suggestion; a concept or image apparent to the mind. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > [noun] > graphic or vivid pencilc1385 paintinga1400 portraiture?c1430 picturing1562 hypotyposis1570 presentment1633 portrayment?1650 scene painting1777 word painting1807 portrayal1836 pictorialism1869 the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > mental image, idea, or fancy > [noun] huea1000 imagination1340 imagea1393 portraiturea1393 trowc1460 fume1531 imaginary1594 phantasm1594 trajection1594 representationa1602 idolum1619 object1651 tablature1661 fancy1663 representamen1677 phantom1686 presentment1817 fantasy1823 projection1836 visuality1841 thought-picture1844 imago1863 vestige1885 the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > idea, notion, or concept > [noun] > occupying the mind thoughta1250 apprehension1579 intellection1579 reflect1594 notion1603 idea1633 reflection1648 presentment1817 earthly1897 1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (ii. 14) 898 That sinne at the first presentment would affright a man, which hee juggles on by degrees. 1817 S. T. Coleridge Biographia Literaria I. ix. 144 The writings of these mystics..gave me an indistinct, yet stirring and working presentment. 1856 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters III. 50 The continual presentment to the mind of this beautiful and fully realized imagery more and more chilled its power of apprehending the real truth. 1884 H. D. Traill in Macmillan's Mag. Oct. 443/1 Vividness of presentment to the imagination is not all that language has to provide for. b. Metaphysics and Psychology. = presentation n. 8. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > psychology of perception > process of perception > [noun] presentmenta1842 presentation1849 perception1875 the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > idealism > [noun] > Kantianism > elements of conception1701 schematism1794 categorical imperative1796 intuition1796 matter1796 receptivity1796 schema1796 dialectic1797 multifarious1798 reciprocity1799 form1803 synthesis1817 Anschauung1820 manifold?1822 category1829 modality1836 multiplex1836 predicable1838 multiple1839 multiplicity1839 presentmenta1842 elanguescence1855 the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > epistemology > [noun] > cognition > Lockianism > elements of idea1649 mode1671 reflection1690 presentmenta1842 presentation1849 infusion1857 a1842 W. Hamilton Diss. in T. Reid Wks. App. 819 Which..supposes that the Idea is an original and absolute presentment, and..constitutes the doctrine of Ideal presentative perception. 1856 J. F. Ferrier Inst. Metaphysic (ed. 2) v. 144 The qualities of matter by themselves are, equally with matter itself, an objective presentment without a subject. 1877 E. R. Conder Basis of Faith iv. 153 Such is our knowledge of our own sensations, emotions, and all direct presentments of consciousness apart from memory. 1882 F. W. Farrar Early Days Christianity II. 382 The Nominalist who regards abstract terms as representing nothing but the generalisations of the mind out of concrete presentments. 1932 Jrnl. Philos. 29 254 The ‘presentment’ of the star in your perception might be regarded as an event occurring under the same general laws of the physical universe which condition the real existence of the star. Or it might be supposed to occur under purely ‘mental’ conditions. †7. The ceremonial introduction of a person; = presentation n. 2b. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1668 J. Howe Blessednesse of Righteous v. 72 An exceeding joy..that shall attend the presentment of Saints there. 1754 Countess of Shaftesbury in Lett. Ld. Malmesbury (1870) I. 81 It was to attend my niece to the ceremony of presentment. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1325
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