postilionn.

Brit.

/pɒˈstɪlɪən/,

/pəˈstɪlɪən/, U.S.

/pəˈstɪljən/,

/poʊˈstɪljən/

Forms: 1500s–1600s postillon, 1500s– postillion, 1600s postilian, 1600s– postilion; Scottish pre-1700 posteilȝen, pre-1700 postullioune, pre-1700 1700s– postilion, 1700s– postillion.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Italian. Etymons: French postillon; Italian postiglione.

Etymology: < Middle French, French postillon person who rides a post-horse, postman, courier (1560 in Middle French), person who rides one of the horses in front of a coach (1680), small supplementary float on a fishing line (1868), basque imitating a postilion's coat in style (1869) and its probable etymon Italian postiglione guide or forerunner for the post, courier, driver of a post-coach (although this is apparently first attested later than the French and English words: 1585) < posta post n.³ + -iglione , suffix ( < -iglia -illa suffix + -one : see -oon suffix). Compare Spanish postillón (1552), Portuguese postilhão (1552), both probably < Italian (in spite of the chronological difficulties), and also German Postillion, †Postilion, †Postillon courier (1572; now obsolete in this sense), (now historical) driver of a post-coach (1750 or earlier; < either Middle French or Italian).The date of first attestation given here for the French word follows Trésor de la langue française at postillon; other dictionaries variously date the text (in an edition of the works of Clément Marot) which contains the earliest known occurrence of the word to c1540, 1538, or even 1530. For an overview of the lexicographical documentation of the various Romance words see M. Cohen in Mélanges linguistiques offerts à Emil Petrovici (1958) 135.

Now chiefly historical.

†1.

a. A guide or forerunner for the post, or for a messenger, etc. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > progressive motion > order of movement > going first or in front > [noun] > one who goes first > before a post

postilion1565

1565 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1916) XI. 439 For ane blawing horne to the postullioune xx s.

1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Postillon A postillon, a guide for a post, dux praecursoris.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Postillon, a Postillon, Guide, Postes boy.

1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words Postillon, (French) a Post's guide, or fore-runner.

b. figurative. A forerunner, harbinger, herald. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > [noun] > antecedent or precursor

forerunnerOE

forridelc1000

messengerc1300

precursora1500

waymaker1574

postiliona1586

ushera1586

precedence1598

vaunt-courier1598

precedent1599

prodromus1602

ante-disposition1611

precedency1611

prodrome1611

antecedent1612

antedating1633

leading card1635

prodromy1647

antecessor1657

precursorya1660

prodromist1716

morning star1721

skirmisher1820

antecursor1850

a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. xviii. sig. Ss6 But when he strake,..his arme seemed still a postillion of death.

1647 R. Fanshawe tr. B. Guarini Pastor Fido i. i. 11 Seest thou yon Star of such excelling hew, The Suns Postillion?

1652 E. Benlowes Theophila vii. xliv. 101 Windes are Van-Curriers, & Postilions to Thy Will.

1767 H. Jones Kew Garden i. 12 The first pale postilion of the spring, The primrose meek.

2. A person who rides a post-horse, a post-boy; (more generally) a courier, a swift messenger. Also figurative. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > correspondence > postal services > person or vehicle that carries letters or mail > [noun] > person > specific mounted

post1506

postman1529

through-post1552

standing post1584

postilion1616

horse-post1668

postrider1705

rider1714

1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Postilion, a speedy poste or messenger.

1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ To Rdr. sig. A3 Those wing'd postillions that can flie, From the Anartic to the Artic skie.

1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 8 Postillions, hasten with the Packet-Maile to the Post Office.

1685 tr. B. Gracián y Morales Courtiers Oracle 160 These are the Postillions of life, who to the swift motion of time, add the rapidity of their own minds.

1708 London Gaz. No. 4464/6 The Postillion of Ghent is just now arrived, with Letters to Mr. de Caris.

1858 Harper's Mag. Apr. 593/2 Mr. Atkinson left Moscow early in March, accompanied by a post-office postillion, who had orders to escort him to the Siberian frontier.

1908 Daily Chron. 28 May 5/3 The wife of the family cook was ‘love's postillion’ between the Princess and Koczian.

3. A person who rides the (leading) nearside (left-hand side) horse drawing a coach or carriage, esp. when one pair only is used and there is no coachman. Also in extended use: an outrider for a carriage. Now chiefly historical.Now usually referring to those riders attending a state carriage on ceremonial occasions.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > driver or operator of vehicle > [noun] > driver of coach > postillion

postiliona1640

post boy1707

jockey1850

a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) ii. ii. 113 Drawn by six Flanders; mares my Coachman, Grooms, Postilian, and Footmen.

1640 J. Fletcher & J. Shirley Night-walker ii. sig. D4^v Thou shat have horses sixe, and a postilion.

1656 A. Cowley Muse in Pindaric Odes i Let the Postilion Nature mount, and let The Coachman Art be set.

1703 Duke of Marlborough Let. 4 May in H. L. Snyder Marlborough–Godolphin Corr. (1975) I. 176 If you will have one now you must send a coachman and postillion to receive them at Rotterdam.

1771 N. Nicholls Corr. with Gray (1843) 118 The Yarmouth coach, when it has gone at all, has gone with eight horses and four postilions.

1811 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) VIII. 286 The account of the rations issued to the post horses and mules, and postillions.

1840 T. S. Fay Ctess. Ida I. iii. 17 Sometimes, on being awakened by the crack of the postillion's whip, or the sudden stopping of the coach, Madame Wharton would fall into a train of reflection.

1881 W. Besant & J. Rice Chaplain of Fleet III. xx. 173 They called aloud to the postilions to stop the horses.

1923 R. Macaulay Told by Idiot ii. xxv. 155 An open carriage, surrounded by postilions and red-coated running footmen.

1976 J. Richards Stagecoach 19 Four horses were driven from the box seat by the coachman and the lead horses were controlled by a postillion riding on the off leader.

1985 J. Morris Last Lett. from Hav iv. 36 The barouche is followed out of the palace yard..by a pair of jolly postilions wearing their astrakhan hats at a jaunty angle and equipped with gleaming swords.

†4. A small supplementary float on a fishing line. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1888 G. B. Goode Amer. Fishes 8 The use of supplementary floats, or ‘postillions’,..to keep the line from sinking.

†5. In full postilion-basque. A basque imitating a postilion's coat in style. Cf. Compounds 2. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > dress, robe, or gown > parts of > bodice > basque

postilion1890

1890 Cent. Dict. 4642/3 Postilion... Same as Postilion-basque.

1890 Cent. Dict. Postilion-basque, a woman's basque having its skirt cut at the back into short square tabs or coat-tails, after the fashion of a postilion's coat.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, as postilion harness, postilion saddle, postilion whip, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > [noun] > art of driving horse-drawn vehicle > whip

postilion whip1621

cart-whip1713

gad-whip1819

coach-whip1833

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > saddle > types of saddle

mail-saddle1360

trotter-saddle1381

panel1393

loadsaddle1397

packsaddle1398

limber-saddle1480

pillion1480

side-saddle1493

steel saddle1503

pilgate1511

mail pillowc1532

stock-saddle1537

pad1556

sunk1568

trunk-saddle1569

soda1586

mail pillion1586

running saddle1596

Scotch saddle1596

postilion saddle1621

pad-saddle1622

portmanteau-saddle1681

watering saddle1681

cart-saddle1692

demi-pique1695

crook-saddle1700

saddle pad1750

recado1825

aparejo1844

mountain saddle1849

somerset1851

pilch1863

cowboy saddle1880

sawbuck (pack)saddle1881

western saddle1883

cross-saddle1897

centre-fire1921

McClellan1940

poley1957

1621 in W. Fraser Mem. Maxwells of Pollok (1863) I. 328 To the saidillar, to set to curpall and posteilȝen tagis to the lyttil saidill.

1676 W. Perwich Despatches (1903) 311 They..tore all his cloaths off, and with two postilion whips scurged him..severely.

1689 London Gaz. No. 2475/4 A Postilion Saddle of black Leather.

1753 F. Jerdone Let. 20 Sept. in William & Mary Q. (1899) 8 41 The old sadle went along with the chariot and harness to serve for a postilion sadle.

1794 W. Felton Treat. Carriages II. 173 A postillion..harness is the same expence as either the postillion or wheel harness of the other sort.

1849 Times 30 Jan. 1/6 Splendidly silver-mounted four-in-hand or postilion harness, of the most elaborate workmanship.

1965 J. Needham Sci. & Civilisation in China ii. 70 The efficient horse harness (the postillion or chest-trace harness).

1998 Carriage Driving Aug.–Sept. 40/2 The set of semi-state postillion harness..was once again offered at auction.

C2. Applied to fashion styles or clothing intended to imitate that of a postilion, as postilion-back, postilion-belt, etc. See also sense 5. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > belt or sash > types of > made of specific material

tissuec1374

wampum belt1676

postilion-belt1773

1773 J. Minzies Let. 12 June in F. Mason John Norton & Sons (1968) 330 6 Postillion Caps.

1872 Young Englishwoman Dec. 651/2 A dress of olive-brown..had a basque bodice with a postilion back.

1886 Peterson's Mag. Apr. 377/1 At the back, the jacket is laid in postillion-plaits.

1890 Cent. Dict. Postilion-belt, a leather belt with a large buckle, worn by ladies about 1860.

1904 Daily Chron. 2 Jan. 8/4 The postilion tabs at the back of the bodice.

1942 E. Ferber Saratoga Trunk (new ed.) vii. 147 The little gray shoulder cape of ottoman silk was edged with narrow black French lace and its postilion back made her small waist look still tinier.

Derivatives

poˈstilioned adj. provided with or ridden by a postilion.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > [adjective] > having postillion

postilioned1879

1879 Daily News 25 Nov. 5/6 Lord Rosebery,..driving down in an open barouche drawn by four magnificent horses, daintily postillioned.

1921 M. Beerbohm Wks. 90 Nearer and louder came the sound, and soon they saw a white, postillioned pony, a chaise and..a weary monarch.

1978 Times 21 Jan. 8/1 Nine postillioned landaus formed a procession to the castle.

† postilionize v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to provide with a postilion, or to ride as a postilion.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > drive a vehicle [verb (transitive)] > drive a horse-drawn vehicle > provide with a postillion

postilionize1809

1809 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1810) 13 165 Then spank away drives I,..with my six greys (postilionized) against all England!

† postilionwise adv. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge lix. 277 One of them..sat postillion-wise upon the near horse.

1890 B. Harte Waif of Plains vi. 198 Clarence had been allowed to bestride one of the team leaders postillionwise, and was correspondingly elevated, when Jim joined him, on the Mexican plug.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	postilion
释义	postilionn. Brit. /pɒˈstɪlɪən/, /pəˈstɪlɪən/, U.S. /pəˈstɪljən/, /poʊˈstɪljən/ Forms: 1500s–1600s postillon, 1500s– postillion, 1600s postilian, 1600s– postilion; Scottish pre-1700 posteilȝen, pre-1700 postullioune, pre-1700 1700s– postilion, 1700s– postillion. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Italian. Etymons: French postillon; Italian postiglione. Etymology: < Middle French, French postillon person who rides a post-horse, postman, courier (1560 in Middle French), person who rides one of the horses in front of a coach (1680), small supplementary float on a fishing line (1868), basque imitating a postilion's coat in style (1869) and its probable etymon Italian postiglione guide or forerunner for the post, courier, driver of a post-coach (although this is apparently first attested later than the French and English words: 1585) < posta post n.³ + -iglione , suffix ( < -iglia -illa suffix + -one : see -oon suffix). Compare Spanish postillón (1552), Portuguese postilhão (1552), both probably < Italian (in spite of the chronological difficulties), and also German Postillion, †Postilion, †Postillon courier (1572; now obsolete in this sense), (now historical) driver of a post-coach (1750 or earlier; < either Middle French or Italian).The date of first attestation given here for the French word follows Trésor de la langue française at postillon; other dictionaries variously date the text (in an edition of the works of Clément Marot) which contains the earliest known occurrence of the word to c1540, 1538, or even 1530. For an overview of the lexicographical documentation of the various Romance words see M. Cohen in Mélanges linguistiques offerts à Emil Petrovici (1958) 135. Now chiefly historical. †1. a. A guide or forerunner for the post, or for a messenger, etc. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > progressive motion > order of movement > going first or in front > [noun] > one who goes first > before a post postilion1565 1565 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1916) XI. 439 For ane blawing horne to the postullioune xx s. 1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Postillon A postillon, a guide for a post, dux praecursoris. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Postillon, a Postillon, Guide, Postes boy. 1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words Postillon, (French) a Post's guide, or fore-runner. b. figurative. A forerunner, harbinger, herald. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > [noun] > antecedent or precursor forerunnerOE forridelc1000 messengerc1300 precursora1500 waymaker1574 postiliona1586 ushera1586 precedence1598 vaunt-courier1598 precedent1599 prodromus1602 ante-disposition1611 precedency1611 prodrome1611 antecedent1612 antedating1633 leading card1635 prodromy1647 antecessor1657 precursorya1660 prodromist1716 morning star1721 skirmisher1820 antecursor1850 a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. xviii. sig. Ss6 But when he strake,..his arme seemed still a postillion of death. 1647 R. Fanshawe tr. B. Guarini Pastor Fido i. i. 11 Seest thou yon Star of such excelling hew, The Suns Postillion? 1652 E. Benlowes Theophila vii. xliv. 101 Windes are Van-Curriers, & Postilions to Thy Will. 1767 H. Jones Kew Garden i. 12 The first pale postilion of the spring, The primrose meek. 2. A person who rides a post-horse, a post-boy; (more generally) a courier, a swift messenger. Also figurative. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > communication > correspondence > postal services > person or vehicle that carries letters or mail > [noun] > person > specific mounted post1506 postman1529 through-post1552 standing post1584 postilion1616 horse-post1668 postrider1705 rider1714 1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Postilion, a speedy poste or messenger. 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ To Rdr. sig. A3 Those wing'd postillions that can flie, From the Anartic to the Artic skie. 1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 8 Postillions, hasten with the Packet-Maile to the Post Office. 1685 tr. B. Gracián y Morales Courtiers Oracle 160 These are the Postillions of life, who to the swift motion of time, add the rapidity of their own minds. 1708 London Gaz. No. 4464/6 The Postillion of Ghent is just now arrived, with Letters to Mr. de Caris. 1858 Harper's Mag. Apr. 593/2 Mr. Atkinson left Moscow early in March, accompanied by a post-office postillion, who had orders to escort him to the Siberian frontier. 1908 Daily Chron. 28 May 5/3 The wife of the family cook was ‘love's postillion’ between the Princess and Koczian. 3. A person who rides the (leading) nearside (left-hand side) horse drawing a coach or carriage, esp. when one pair only is used and there is no coachman. Also in extended use: an outrider for a carriage. Now chiefly historical.Now usually referring to those riders attending a state carriage on ceremonial occasions. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > driver or operator of vehicle > [noun] > driver of coach > postillion postiliona1640 post boy1707 jockey1850 a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) ii. ii. 113 Drawn by six Flanders; mares my Coachman, Grooms, Postilian, and Footmen. 1640 J. Fletcher & J. Shirley Night-walker ii. sig. D4^v Thou shat have horses sixe, and a postilion. 1656 A. Cowley Muse in Pindaric Odes i Let the Postilion Nature mount, and let The Coachman Art be set. 1703 Duke of Marlborough Let. 4 May in H. L. Snyder Marlborough–Godolphin Corr. (1975) I. 176 If you will have one now you must send a coachman and postillion to receive them at Rotterdam. 1771 N. Nicholls Corr. with Gray (1843) 118 The Yarmouth coach, when it has gone at all, has gone with eight horses and four postilions. 1811 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) VIII. 286 The account of the rations issued to the post horses and mules, and postillions. 1840 T. S. Fay Ctess. Ida I. iii. 17 Sometimes, on being awakened by the crack of the postillion's whip, or the sudden stopping of the coach, Madame Wharton would fall into a train of reflection. 1881 W. Besant & J. Rice Chaplain of Fleet III. xx. 173 They called aloud to the postilions to stop the horses. 1923 R. Macaulay Told by Idiot ii. xxv. 155 An open carriage, surrounded by postilions and red-coated running footmen. 1976 J. Richards Stagecoach 19 Four horses were driven from the box seat by the coachman and the lead horses were controlled by a postillion riding on the off leader. 1985 J. Morris Last Lett. from Hav iv. 36 The barouche is followed out of the palace yard..by a pair of jolly postilions wearing their astrakhan hats at a jaunty angle and equipped with gleaming swords. †4. A small supplementary float on a fishing line. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1888 G. B. Goode Amer. Fishes 8 The use of supplementary floats, or ‘postillions’,..to keep the line from sinking. †5. In full postilion-basque. A basque imitating a postilion's coat in style. Cf. Compounds 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > dress, robe, or gown > parts of > bodice > basque postilion1890 1890 Cent. Dict. 4642/3 Postilion... Same as Postilion-basque. 1890 Cent. Dict. Postilion-basque, a woman's basque having its skirt cut at the back into short square tabs or coat-tails, after the fashion of a postilion's coat. Compounds C1. General attributive, as postilion harness, postilion saddle, postilion whip, etc. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > [noun] > art of driving horse-drawn vehicle > whip postilion whip1621 cart-whip1713 gad-whip1819 coach-whip1833 the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > saddle > types of saddle mail-saddle1360 trotter-saddle1381 panel1393 loadsaddle1397 packsaddle1398 limber-saddle1480 pillion1480 side-saddle1493 steel saddle1503 pilgate1511 mail pillowc1532 stock-saddle1537 pad1556 sunk1568 trunk-saddle1569 soda1586 mail pillion1586 running saddle1596 Scotch saddle1596 postilion saddle1621 pad-saddle1622 portmanteau-saddle1681 watering saddle1681 cart-saddle1692 demi-pique1695 crook-saddle1700 saddle pad1750 recado1825 aparejo1844 mountain saddle1849 somerset1851 pilch1863 cowboy saddle1880 sawbuck (pack)saddle1881 western saddle1883 cross-saddle1897 centre-fire1921 McClellan1940 poley1957 1621 in W. Fraser Mem. Maxwells of Pollok (1863) I. 328 To the saidillar, to set to curpall and posteilȝen tagis to the lyttil saidill. 1676 W. Perwich Despatches (1903) 311 They..tore all his cloaths off, and with two postilion whips scurged him..severely. 1689 London Gaz. No. 2475/4 A Postilion Saddle of black Leather. 1753 F. Jerdone Let. 20 Sept. in William & Mary Q. (1899) 8 41 The old sadle went along with the chariot and harness to serve for a postilion sadle. 1794 W. Felton Treat. Carriages II. 173 A postillion..harness is the same expence as either the postillion or wheel harness of the other sort. 1849 Times 30 Jan. 1/6 Splendidly silver-mounted four-in-hand or postilion harness, of the most elaborate workmanship. 1965 J. Needham Sci. & Civilisation in China ii. 70 The efficient horse harness (the postillion or chest-trace harness). 1998 Carriage Driving Aug.–Sept. 40/2 The set of semi-state postillion harness..was once again offered at auction. C2. Applied to fashion styles or clothing intended to imitate that of a postilion, as postilion-back, postilion-belt, etc. See also sense 5. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > belt or sash > types of > made of specific material tissuec1374 wampum belt1676 postilion-belt1773 1773 J. Minzies Let. 12 June in F. Mason John Norton & Sons (1968) 330 6 Postillion Caps. 1872 Young Englishwoman Dec. 651/2 A dress of olive-brown..had a basque bodice with a postilion back. 1886 Peterson's Mag. Apr. 377/1 At the back, the jacket is laid in postillion-plaits. 1890 Cent. Dict. Postilion-belt, a leather belt with a large buckle, worn by ladies about 1860. 1904 Daily Chron. 2 Jan. 8/4 The postilion tabs at the back of the bodice. 1942 E. Ferber Saratoga Trunk (new ed.) vii. 147 The little gray shoulder cape of ottoman silk was edged with narrow black French lace and its postilion back made her small waist look still tinier. Derivatives poˈstilioned adj. provided with or ridden by a postilion. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > [adjective] > having postillion postilioned1879 1879 Daily News 25 Nov. 5/6 Lord Rosebery,..driving down in an open barouche drawn by four magnificent horses, daintily postillioned. 1921 M. Beerbohm Wks. 90 Nearer and louder came the sound, and soon they saw a white, postillioned pony, a chaise and..a weary monarch. 1978 Times 21 Jan. 8/1 Nine postillioned landaus formed a procession to the castle. † postilionize v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to provide with a postilion, or to ride as a postilion. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > drive a vehicle [verb (transitive)] > drive a horse-drawn vehicle > provide with a postillion postilionize1809 1809 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1810) 13 165 Then spank away drives I,..with my six greys (postilionized) against all England! † postilionwise adv. Obsolete ΚΠ 1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge lix. 277 One of them..sat postillion-wise upon the near horse. 1890 B. Harte Waif of Plains vi. 198 Clarence had been allowed to bestride one of the team leaders postillionwise, and was correspondingly elevated, when Jim joined him, on the Mexican plug. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1565
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