prahun.

Brit.

/ˈprɑːhuː/, U.S.

/ˈprɑˌhu/

Forms:

α. 1500s– parao Brit. /pəˈraʊ/, U.S. /pəˈraʊ/, 1500s–1600s paroe, 1600s paro, 1600s–1700s paroo.

β. 1500s prawen, 1600s prawe, 1600s–1800s praw, 1600s– prau Brit. /ˈpraʊ/, U.S. /ˈpraʊ/.

γ. 1600s proe, 1600s provoe, 1600s–1800s prow.

δ. 1700s– proa Brit. /ˈprəʊə/, U.S. /ˈproʊə/; N.E.D. (1908) records also forms 1800s praoe, 1800s proah.

ε. 1800s– prahu, 1900s– perahu Brit. /pəˈrɑːhuː/, U.S. /pəˈrɑˌhu/.

Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably a borrowing from Malay. Partly also a borrowing from Portuguese. Partly also a borrowing from Dutch. Etymons: Malay perahu, Portuguese parão, Dutch prauw.

Etymology: Probably ultimately < Malay perahu undecked boat. Compare Old Javanese parahu boat, ship (late 10th cent.; Javanese prau ), Indonesian perahu , prahu . In α. forms via Portuguese parão (1504: see note). In β. forms via Dutch prauw (1598; probably < Malay perahu , or perhaps < Javanese prau ). In γ. forms assimilated to prow n.² (compare the Romance forms cited at that entry). In ε. forms direct from Malay. Compare French prao (c1525), Italian praho (1525).The Portuguese appear to have applied parão both to the Malay undecked sailing boat and to a type of small boat used on the Malabar coast (Malayalam pāṟu ). R. J. Wilkinson Malay-Eng. Dict. (1959, at pĕrahu) gives the etymology ‘the padao or parao of the Malabar coast, in contrast to the decked kapal’. It is therefore difficult to distinguish the α. forms except according to the area they refer to, but the form paroo seems to represent the Malayalam word. N.E.D.(1908) enters this under the double headword Proa, prahu, with the pronunciations (prō^u·ă) /ˈprəʊə/, (prā·u) /ˈprɑːuː/.

In Malaysia and Indonesia: a type of undecked sailing boat, usually with a large triangular sail and a canoe-like outrigger. In Southern India: a small sailing boat or catamaran.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel propelled by sail > [noun] > other sailing vessels

balinger1391

caliphe1393

buss1471

mahonnet1524

flute1567

mahone1572

shallopa1578

prahu1582

caïque1666

bullenger1670

hogboat1784

mistico1792

water-manikin1796

mistic1828

sailing-packet1842

sharpie1860

tjalk1861

botter1880

scow schooner1885

scow sloop1885

ghoster1886

sailing-trawler1891

sharp1891

skiff1891

palari1936

gulet1986

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels propelled by oars or poles > [noun] > vessels propelled by oars and sails > Malaysian

prahu1582

α.

1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. xxv. 62 b The next day..there came in two little Paraos, to the number of twelue men.

1599 R. Fitch in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. i. 258 We left our boats or Paroes.

1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures ii. 35 She imbarqued herself in sixteen..fishermens Paroos.

1709 Philos. Trans. 1708–09 (Royal Soc.) 26 189 They arrived in two small vessels, called paraos.

1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 150 The Pinnace..brought with her an Indian Paroo, which you may see very well described by Capt. Cooke.

1923 Times 22 May 11/4 All available sampans, bancas, and paraos were commandeered, the women and children were embarked, and the fleet of boats took refuge in blue water.

2004 Philippine Daily Inquirer (Nexis) 7 Aug. If the sea is calm and the weather is fine, visitors may take a parao, a wind-driven sailboat, to Talisayan Point.

β. 1598 W. Phillip tr. Descr. Voy. E. Indies 14 The 15 of June there rowed a scute called a Prawen harde under the lande by us.1606 Last E.-Indian Voy. sig. C3^v An howre after..came a prawe or a canow from Bantam.1623 St. Papers, Col. 188 Others violently kept their men from entering Limco's prau.1700 S. L. tr. C. Frick Relation Voy. in tr. C. Frick & C. Schweitzer Relation Two Voy. E.-Indies 50 They were carried off in little Praw's, or small Boats, on Board the Men of War.1806 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 96 270 I was consequently induced to send a small praw, with a servant of mine..who was very expert in diving.1853 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 23 75 A native trader of Borneo had imported a quantity of it as ballast to his prau.1885 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. Great Brit. & Irel. 14 42 In open praus or frail outriggers they have at all times been accustomed to make voyages of days and weeks from island to island in that watery domain.1923 J. Conrad Rover iii. 39 What made for him the life of any strange shore were the craft that belonged to it: canoes, catamarans, ballahous, praus [etc.].1957 P. Worsley Trumpet shall Sound vii. 133 The officer..stayed put, only to see the prophet himself arrive in a beflagged prau.1994 High Life (Brit. Airways) Nov. 76/2 A couple of years later I was on another boat—this time a sailing prau—that travelled all the way from Bali down to Irian Jaya.γ. 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes I. iii. x. §1. 239 The King sent a small Prow.1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 20 They are Owners of several small Provoes..and Canooses.1699 W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. i. vi. 111 The Dutch..do often buy Proe-bottoms for a small matter, of the Malayans..and convert them into Sloops.1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World xv. 437 We..saw several flying prows, but none came near us.1831 E. J. Trelawny Adventures Younger Son I. xxviii. 220 They are called by Europeans, owing to the wonderful rapidity with which they sail, flying prows.1907 F. Swettenham Brit. Malaya iii. 38 All ships, junks, or prows..shall not be molested.δ. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. v. 342 That which was the stern of the proa, now becomes the head, and she is trimmed on the other tack.1785 B. Franklin Let. Aug. in Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. (1786) 2 306 We have no sailing boats equal to the flying proas of the south seas.1839 F. Marryat Phantom Ship II. xxiii. 243 They discovered a proa,..sweeping after them.1883 R. A. Proctor in Contemp. Rev. Oct. 571 At Bima every proa and boat was forced from its anchorage and flung on the coast.1904 World Mag. Apr. 21/1 Six lusty proa-men paddled her along.1977 Austral. Sailing Jan. 26 For your reporter and for the new Crossbow 11, described as a twin masted proa 73 ft overall, this was the highpoint of the fifth annual week of sailing speed trials.1996 O. Sacks Island of Colour-blind i. 67 ‘You could cross an ocean,’ he said, ‘with a proa like that.’ε. a1811 J. Leyden tr. Malay Ann. (1821) 148 Tun Talani and the mantri Jana Petra returned to their prahus.1817 T. S. Raffles Hist. Java I. v. 203 The Chinese also have many brigs, besides their peculiar description of vessels called junks, as well as native-built práhus.1850 W. Stanton in Mercantile Marine Mag. (1860) 7 107 Prahus frequently anchor here.1885 Cent. Mag. July 442/2 I left Tampias for the Dusun kampong in a small prahu.1932 W. S. Maugham Narrow Corner xv. 114 The harbour was far from crowded: there were only two junks, three or four large prahus, a motor-boat and a derelict schooner.1939 A. Keith Land below Wind iii. xi. 186 The river travel would be accomplished in small native canoes known as perahus.1958 J. Slimming Temiar Jungle ii. 19 The kit was..stowed away in the boat—a thirty-five-foot perahu with a thirty-horse-power engine.1968 Punch 4 Dec. 802/2 A fishing prahu picked me up.1977 Borneo Bull. 7 May 4/1 The healthy state of the regatta was illustrated this year by the number of racing prahus taking part.1986 G. A. Horridge Sailing Craft of Indonesia v. 50 It seems to be true that a prahu is always a sailing boat on which the sail is raised by a halyard on a mast.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	prahu
释义	prahun. Brit. /ˈprɑːhuː/, U.S. /ˈprɑˌhu/ Forms: α. 1500s– parao Brit. /pəˈraʊ/, U.S. /pəˈraʊ/, 1500s–1600s paroe, 1600s paro, 1600s–1700s paroo. β. 1500s prawen, 1600s prawe, 1600s–1800s praw, 1600s– prau Brit. /ˈpraʊ/, U.S. /ˈpraʊ/. γ. 1600s proe, 1600s provoe, 1600s–1800s prow. δ. 1700s– proa Brit. /ˈprəʊə/, U.S. /ˈproʊə/; N.E.D. (1908) records also forms 1800s praoe, 1800s proah. ε. 1800s– prahu, 1900s– perahu Brit. /pəˈrɑːhuː/, U.S. /pəˈrɑˌhu/. Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably a borrowing from Malay. Partly also a borrowing from Portuguese. Partly also a borrowing from Dutch. Etymons: Malay perahu, Portuguese parão, Dutch prauw. Etymology: Probably ultimately < Malay perahu undecked boat. Compare Old Javanese parahu boat, ship (late 10th cent.; Javanese prau ), Indonesian perahu , prahu . In α. forms via Portuguese parão (1504: see note). In β. forms via Dutch prauw (1598; probably < Malay perahu , or perhaps < Javanese prau ). In γ. forms assimilated to prow n.² (compare the Romance forms cited at that entry). In ε. forms direct from Malay. Compare French prao (c1525), Italian praho (1525).The Portuguese appear to have applied parão both to the Malay undecked sailing boat and to a type of small boat used on the Malabar coast (Malayalam pāṟu ). R. J. Wilkinson Malay-Eng. Dict. (1959, at pĕrahu) gives the etymology ‘the padao or parao of the Malabar coast, in contrast to the decked kapal’. It is therefore difficult to distinguish the α. forms except according to the area they refer to, but the form paroo seems to represent the Malayalam word. N.E.D.(1908) enters this under the double headword Proa, prahu, with the pronunciations (prō^u·ă) /ˈprəʊə/, (prā·u) /ˈprɑːuː/. In Malaysia and Indonesia: a type of undecked sailing boat, usually with a large triangular sail and a canoe-like outrigger. In Southern India: a small sailing boat or catamaran. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel propelled by sail > [noun] > other sailing vessels balinger1391 caliphe1393 buss1471 mahonnet1524 flute1567 mahone1572 shallopa1578 prahu1582 caïque1666 bullenger1670 hogboat1784 mistico1792 water-manikin1796 mistic1828 sailing-packet1842 sharpie1860 tjalk1861 botter1880 scow schooner1885 scow sloop1885 ghoster1886 sailing-trawler1891 sharp1891 skiff1891 palari1936 gulet1986 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels propelled by oars or poles > [noun] > vessels propelled by oars and sails > Malaysian prahu1582 α. 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. xxv. 62 b The next day..there came in two little Paraos, to the number of twelue men. 1599 R. Fitch in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. i. 258 We left our boats or Paroes. 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures ii. 35 She imbarqued herself in sixteen..fishermens Paroos. 1709 Philos. Trans. 1708–09 (Royal Soc.) 26 189 They arrived in two small vessels, called paraos. 1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 150 The Pinnace..brought with her an Indian Paroo, which you may see very well described by Capt. Cooke. 1923 Times 22 May 11/4 All available sampans, bancas, and paraos were commandeered, the women and children were embarked, and the fleet of boats took refuge in blue water. 2004 Philippine Daily Inquirer (Nexis) 7 Aug. If the sea is calm and the weather is fine, visitors may take a parao, a wind-driven sailboat, to Talisayan Point. β. 1598 W. Phillip tr. Descr. Voy. E. Indies 14 The 15 of June there rowed a scute called a Prawen harde under the lande by us.1606 Last E.-Indian Voy. sig. C3^v An howre after..came a prawe or a canow from Bantam.1623 St. Papers, Col. 188 Others violently kept their men from entering Limco's prau.1700 S. L. tr. C. Frick Relation Voy. in tr. C. Frick & C. Schweitzer Relation Two Voy. E.-Indies 50 They were carried off in little Praw's, or small Boats, on Board the Men of War.1806 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 96 270 I was consequently induced to send a small praw, with a servant of mine..who was very expert in diving.1853 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 23 75 A native trader of Borneo had imported a quantity of it as ballast to his prau.1885 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. Great Brit. & Irel. 14 42 In open praus or frail outriggers they have at all times been accustomed to make voyages of days and weeks from island to island in that watery domain.1923 J. Conrad Rover iii. 39 What made for him the life of any strange shore were the craft that belonged to it: canoes, catamarans, ballahous, praus [etc.].1957 P. Worsley Trumpet shall Sound vii. 133 The officer..stayed put, only to see the prophet himself arrive in a beflagged prau.1994 High Life (Brit. Airways) Nov. 76/2 A couple of years later I was on another boat—this time a sailing prau—that travelled all the way from Bali down to Irian Jaya.γ. 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes I. iii. x. §1. 239 The King sent a small Prow.1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 20 They are Owners of several small Provoes..and Canooses.1699 W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. i. vi. 111 The Dutch..do often buy Proe-bottoms for a small matter, of the Malayans..and convert them into Sloops.1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World xv. 437 We..saw several flying prows, but none came near us.1831 E. J. Trelawny Adventures Younger Son I. xxviii. 220 They are called by Europeans, owing to the wonderful rapidity with which they sail, flying prows.1907 F. Swettenham Brit. Malaya iii. 38 All ships, junks, or prows..shall not be molested.δ. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. v. 342 That which was the stern of the proa, now becomes the head, and she is trimmed on the other tack.1785 B. Franklin Let. Aug. in Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. (1786) 2 306 We have no sailing boats equal to the flying proas of the south seas.1839 F. Marryat Phantom Ship II. xxiii. 243 They discovered a proa,..sweeping after them.1883 R. A. Proctor in Contemp. Rev. Oct. 571 At Bima every proa and boat was forced from its anchorage and flung on the coast.1904 World Mag. Apr. 21/1 Six lusty proa-men paddled her along.1977 Austral. Sailing Jan. 26 For your reporter and for the new Crossbow 11, described as a twin masted proa 73 ft overall, this was the highpoint of the fifth annual week of sailing speed trials.1996 O. Sacks Island of Colour-blind i. 67 ‘You could cross an ocean,’ he said, ‘with a proa like that.’ε. a1811 J. Leyden tr. Malay Ann. (1821) 148 Tun Talani and the mantri Jana Petra returned to their prahus.1817 T. S. Raffles Hist. Java I. v. 203 The Chinese also have many brigs, besides their peculiar description of vessels called junks, as well as native-built práhus.1850 W. Stanton in Mercantile Marine Mag. (1860) 7 107 Prahus frequently anchor here.1885 Cent. Mag. July 442/2 I left Tampias for the Dusun kampong in a small prahu.1932 W. S. Maugham Narrow Corner xv. 114 The harbour was far from crowded: there were only two junks, three or four large prahus, a motor-boat and a derelict schooner.1939 A. Keith Land below Wind iii. xi. 186 The river travel would be accomplished in small native canoes known as perahus.1958 J. Slimming Temiar Jungle ii. 19 The kit was..stowed away in the boat—a thirty-five-foot perahu with a thirty-horse-power engine.1968 Punch 4 Dec. 802/2 A fishing prahu picked me up.1977 Borneo Bull. 7 May 4/1 The healthy state of the regatta was illustrated this year by the number of racing prahus taking part.1986 G. A. Horridge Sailing Craft of Indonesia v. 50 It seems to be true that a prahu is always a sailing boat on which the sail is raised by a halyard on a mast. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1582
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