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单词 portrait
释义

portraitn.adv.adj.

Brit. /ˈpɔːtreɪt/, /ˈpɔːtrᵻt/, U.S. /ˈpɔrtrət/
Forms:

α. 1500s portraicte, 1500s portrate, 1500s portrayt, 1500s–1600s portract, 1500s–1600s portraite, 1500s–1700s portraict, 1500s– portrait; Scottish pre-1700 porterat, pre-1700 portract, pre-1700 portraict, pre-1700 portraitt, pre-1700 portraitte, pre-1700 portrat, pre-1700 portrate, pre-1700 portratt, pre-1700 portrect, pre-1700 portrut, pre-1700 1700s– portrait.

β. 1500s purtraicte, 1500s purtraite, 1500s purtrayt, 1500s purtrayte, 1500s–1600s purtraict, 1500s–1600s purtrait, 1600s purtracte; Scottish pre-1700 purtrate.

γ. 1500s pourtracte, 1500s pourtreict, 1500s–1600s pourtract, 1500s–1600s pourtraite, 1500s–1600s pourtrayt, 1500s–1600s pourtrayte, 1500s–1700s pourtraict, 1500s–1700s pourtrait, 1700s pourctrait; Scottish pre-1700 pourtraict, pre-1700 pourtraicte, pre-1700 pourtrait.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French portrait, portret.
Etymology: < Middle French portrait, portraict, pourtrait, pourtraict, protraict (French portrait) drawing, painting, representation of an object, scene, etc. (c1170 in Old French as portret), likeness (1536), representation of a person made by painting or engraving (1538), statue of a person (1538), representation in speech or writing (1550), use as noun of portrait , past participle of portraire (see portray v.). Compare post-classical Latin protractus copy, model (1518; < classical Latin protract- , past participial stem of protrahere (see protract v.) + -tus , suffix forming verbal nouns). Compare earlier portraiture n., portrait v.
A. n.
1.
a. A drawing, painting, or other (broadly) two-dimensional representation of an object, scene, etc.; a picture, a design. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > [noun] > a picture
metingOE
portraiturea1393
picture?a1425
piece1503
portrait1560
pictural1590
composure?1606
transumpt1629
composition1753
delineation1772
depictment1816
vraisemblance1857
piccy1865
pic1884
pitcher1915
pictorial1949
1560 in Cal. State Papers Scotl. (1898) I. 504 The platforme & portraitt of Holie Iland besyd Berwik & within the see..alsweill that thai had drawin it with pen upon paper as thai haid the same maid in forme & portraitte with mennis handis in cley or earth.
1570 G. Buchanan Vernac. Writings (1892) 43 Mony that hes nowther sene ye said beist, nor na perfyte portraict of it.
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie ii. xi. 80 By this noble pourtrayt..Is plainely exprest..The sounde Pillar.
1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 24 The full pourtraict and proportion of which horse, he dedicated..before the Temple of Venus Genitrix.
1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 97 The Britans Coines, the portraicts whereof I have here shewed.
1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 17 Whose portraicts, with a landskip of the Table and other neighbouring mountains, I present the Reader.
1759 S. Johnson Prince of Abissinia I. x. 69 To exhibit in his portraits of nature such prominent and striking features, as to recal the original to every mind.
1821 W. M. Craig Lect. Drawing vi. 333 The back-grounds of your portraits.
1881 J. Andrew Pendulograph 18 These Pendulographs are pictures or portraits of the intervals, concords, and discords of the Musical System.
1992 Sci. Amer. June 18 (heading) Hubble has relayed a plentitude of eye-opening images and revealing spectral portraits of cosmic objects.
b. spec. A drawing or painting of a person, often mounted and framed for display, esp. one of the face or head and shoulders; (also) an engraving, photograph, etc., in a similar style. (Now the usual sense.)
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > [noun] > an artistic representation > of living thing > of human figure
figurec1400
personage1483
portrait1585
scheme1638
portrait picture1853
anthropomorph1894
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to subject > [noun] > portrait-painting > a portrait
portraiturec1385
physiognomy1483
picture1505
portrait1585
retrait1590
model1605
ritratto1629
family portrait1732
portrait picture1853
1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. xiv. 97 The pourtractes and figures of the principallest amongst them.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. ix. 53 What's heere, the pourtrait of a blinking idiot. View more context for this quotation
1649 Sc. Acts Charles II (1819) VI. 363/1 Ordains His Royall Name, Portract and Seal to be used in the publick writings.
1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 118. ⁋6 I would rather see you work upon History-Pieces, than on single Portraicts.
1756 H. Walpole Corr. Aug. (1973) XXXV. 271 The poor woman..passed her whole widowhood..in collecting and monumenting the portraits and reliques of all the great families from which she descended.
1806 T. S. Surr Winter in London I. iv. 75 Fixing his starting eyes upon a portrait of Dr. Enfield which hung over the chimney.
1858 E. Bulwer-Lytton What will he do with It? i. vi The gentleman who wanted to take your portrait.
1920 Times 10 Feb. 10/4 The two pictures we mentioned first, and the portrait of a Lady, and several delicate landscapes.
1972 Country Life 30 Nov. 1499/1 A later tumbler in the same sale was wheel-engraved with a bust portrait of Prince Charles Edward.
2004 Canberra Times (Nexis) 9 Nov. a10 An exhibition of life-sized portraits of celebrities will run at the Canberra Centre until Sunday.
c. A statue (full-size or as a bust), an effigy.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > statuary > [noun] > statue
likenessOE
imagec1225
figurea1300
signa1382
statuea1393
staturea1393
statutea1393
statutec1430
statuac1450
picture1517
idol1548
portraiture1548
pattern1582
portrait1585
icon1587
monument1594
simulacrum1599
statuary1599
plastic1686
make1890
1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iv. xxix. 151 Prometheus..inuented the natural pourtractes with the fatte earth.
1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne xii. xciv. 231 Her tombe was..built of polisht stone, and thereon laid The liuely shape and purtrait of the maid.
1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 144 On one side the gate stands a..great Elephant, on the other a Rhinoceros... The portraicts are out of the shining Marble.
1761 London & Environs Described I. 73 Mr. Congreve's monument has an half length marble portrait of that gentleman, placed on a pedestal of fine Egyptian marble, and enriched with emblematical devices relating to the drama.
1800 J. Salmon Descr. Wks. Art Anc. & Mod. Rome II. 23 The marble portrait on the sepulchre is by Ferrata.
1912 Dict. National Biogr. 1901–11 353/2 In statuary the following portraits are known: (1) a marble statue by R. Jackson, [etc.].
1991 Jrnl. Hist. of Collections 3 199/1 In Greece, herms, acrolithic inserts, and relief bust roundels furthered the practice of making isolated heads, though full-figure statues were preferred for portraits.
2004 Atlanta Jrnl.-Constitution (Nexis) 19 Sept. 1 l The over life-size marble head of the Roman emperor..is one of [the] four or five greatest Roman portraits in the country.
2. figurative.
a. Something which represents, typifies, or resembles the object described or implied; a type; a likeness. Now rare.In quot. 1623: a striking or impressive sight, a scene.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > representation > [noun] > a representation
form?c1225
figurea1340
likeness1340
print1340
nebshaftc1350
resemblancea1393
visagea1400
similitude?a1425
representationc1450
simulacre1483
representa1500
semblance1513
idea1531
image1531
similitudeness1547
type1559
living image1565
portrait1567
counter-figure1573
shadow1580
countershape1587
umbrage1604
medal1608
reflex1608
remonstrance1640
transcript1646
configurationa1676
phantom1690
facsimile1801
personation1851
featuring1864
zoomorph1883
the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [noun] > image of a person or thing
print1340
imagec1384
similitude?a1425
picturec1475
similitudeness1547
portrait1567
idol1590
model1594
self-imagea1672
duplicate1701
moral1751
ditto1776
fetch1787
double1798
fetch-like1841
splitting image1880
spitting image1901
spit1929
split-image1950
clone1977
1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. Pref. sig. *ij In theim [sc. histories] is represented (as yt were) an ymage or pourtraict of all thinges that haue passed since the beginning of the worlde.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. xii. sig. Aav Dreadfull pourtraicts of deformitee.
c1614 W. Mure tr. Virgil Dido & Æneas ii. in Wks. (1898) I. 158 Then ȝoung Ascanius..His parents portrate perfectly presenting.
1623 T. Goad Dolefull Even-song sig. C4v If any man could looke in at those gates,..he would report such a pourtrait as was this spectacle.
1744 E. Young Complaint: Night the Sixth 3 Who can take Death's Portrait true? the Tyrant never sate.
1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. i. 3 The flattering portrait of mankind, which his heart had delineated in early youth, his experience had too sorrowfully corrected.
1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi II. iv. iii. 131 The varnish of power brings forth at once the defects and the beauties of the human portrait.
1866 H. P. Liddon Bampton Lect. (1875) iv. 192 Jesus reveals a moral portrait.
1947 R. M. French tr. N. Berdyaev Russ. Idea i. 7 Fedotov explains this as due to the fatal influence of ‘Josephism’ which has distorted the portrait of Christ among the Russian people.
b. A representation in speech or writing; esp. a vivid or graphic description.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > [noun] > graphic or vivid > a vivid description
imagec1522
picture1531
portraiture1592
portrait1596
word picture1835
photograph1841
pen portrait1850
1596 T. Bell Suruey Popery Ep. Ded. sig. A2v The liuely purtraite of the foure monarchies.
1738 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses I. 126 An exact Pourtrait of natural Religion.
1765 J. Otis Vindic. Brit. Colonies 4 The gentleman..has given us a portrait of the English nation. It contains but a dozen lines, and expresses or plainly implies the following wonderful group of ideas.
1837 T. Carlyle in London & Westm. Rev. Jan. 418 Her portrait, by the seconding Marquis himself, is not very captivating.
1886 R. L. Stevenson Kidnapped xxv. 252 I could read my own not very flattering portrait and, in larger characters, the amount of the blood money that had been set upon my life.
1941 F. Matthiessen Amer. Renaissance xiv. iv. 653 Where Hawthorne's criticism runs no risk of being obscurantistic is in his portrait of Hollingsworth.
1990 Forecast Sept. 54 (advt.) Greenwood paints a stunningly intimate portrait of Elvis from his boyhood in rural Tupelo, Mississippi, through his skyrocketing success and tragic death.
3. The action or art of painting a portrait; portraiture. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to subject > [noun] > portrait-painting
portrait1589
picture-drawing1625
vandyking1633
portrait painting1713
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. i. 115 Th' excellent painter bestoweth the rich Orient coulours vpon his table of pourtraite.
1723 T. Thomas in Portland Papers VI. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) 74 I think it is the worst piece of portrait that ever in my life I saw.
1846 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters II. 114 That habit of the old and great painters of introducing portrait into all their highest works.
1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda IV. vii. lii. 56 He came to my studio the other day and recommended me to apply myself to portrait. Of course I know what that means.—‘My good fellow, your attempts at the historic and poetic are simply pitiable.’
1982 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 29 Aug. xi. 8/5 Philip Listengart will teach Portrait in Sculpture, designed for beginning and intermediate students. Traditional and contemporary approaches to the head in clay will be explored.
4. Typography. The orientation or format of a rectangular page or image so that the height is greater than the width.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > printing > printed matter > arrangement or appearance of printed matter > [noun] > type of format
portrait1956
1956 H. Williamson Methods Bk. Design iii. 16 The book is in fact taller than it is wide, and by analogy with the painter's method these proportions are sometimes called portrait.
1993 R. T. Stevens Quick Ref. Computer Graphics Terms 165 Portrait, orientation of a page such that text is in readable direction when the page length exceeds the page width.
B. adv.
Typography. In portrait format.
ΚΠ
1932 A. G. Sayers & J. Stuart in W. Atkins Art & Pract. Printing I. xii. 139 The frontispiece..may be printed either upright (termed portrait) or broad way (termed landscape). If a full-page illustration be printed landscape, the inscription or caption beneath must read from foot to head.
1975 J. Butcher Copy-editing 304 If a table is ‘set portrait’ it is set upright on the page and not turned to read up the page.
1994 Windows-DOS Developer's Jrnl. (Nexis) June 80 With Print Tools, you can print portrait and landscape, circles, 3D pie charts, bar charts, and graphs, even on an HP Series II printer at 300 dpi.
C. adj.
Typography. Of (the format of) a page, book, photograph, etc.: upright; having a rectangular shape with the height greater than the width. Opposed to landscape n. 1c.
ΚΠ
1975 J. Butcher Copy-editing 304 The shape of a book or illustration is referred to as ‘portrait’ when its height is greater than its width.
1984 J. Partridge One Touch Photogr. 30 Many subjects can be improved if you turn your camera on its side to give a vertical picture. This is called ‘portrait format’ because it particularly suits pictures of people.
1992 PC World Apr. 156/2 You can print landscape and portrait pages in the same document.
2004 N.Y. Sun (Nexis) 3 June 1 He can make five or more separate images, in combinations of both portrait and landscape orientations on a single sheet of paper.

Compounds

C1.
portrait collector n.
ΚΠ
1814 W. H. Ireland (title) Chalcographimania; or, the Portrait-Collector and Printseller's Chronicle.
1999 Times (Nexis) 13 Mar. A large part of his business..consists of sniffing out specific commissions and making sure he keeps in with the major portrait collectors around the world.
portrait group n.
ΚΠ
1864 Times 5 May 8/4 The sky and moorland of this picture are thoroughly true to nature, and give its painter a step in artistic rank over that which he earned by his clever portrait group of last year.
1917 A. Conan Doyle His Last Bow ii. 66 I observed the very instant that I entered the room that you have a portrait group of three ladies upon the mantelpiece.
1993 Dict. National Biogr.: Missing Persons 214/2 Alabaster relief panels of narrative scenes or portrait groups..have been cited in attributions to Evesham of several monuments.
portrait head n.
ΚΠ
1852 S. F. B. Morse in Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 23 Oct. Two were exquisitely beautiful portrait heads from life.
1899 J. W. Mackail Life W. Morris I. 277 A portrait-head of the author.
1991 Jrnl. Hist. of Collections 3 204/1 Cavaceppi then replaced it with a portrait head of Septimius Severus from his immense stores.
portrait painter n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to subject > [noun] > portrait-painting > portrait-painter
picture-drawer1587
limner1594
portrait painter1706
portraitist1857
1706 J. Savage tr. R. de Piles Art of Painting 458 He was an excellent English Portrait-Painter.
1859 A. H. Clough tr. Plutarch Lives IV. 159 Portrait-painters are more exact in the lines and features of the face, in which the character is seen, than in the other parts of the body.
1995 Artists & Illustrators Apr. 72/1 Margaret Palmer, the portrait painter, gave the first exhibition.
portrait photographer n.
ΚΠ
1866 Times 30 Jan. 4/3 The company has just commenced business as artistic and portrait photographers at 43, Piccadilly, under the able management of Mr. Vernon Heath.
1900 L. M. Adams Pict. Possibilities Photogr. 243/1 The ordinary portrait-photographer seems consumed by an inordinate desire to make things round and smooth.
1995 Frank 27 Sept. 2/2 In the past, the mug shot has been taken by local portrait photographers.
portrait photography n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > [noun] > types or methods generally
microphotography1857
pistolgraphy1860
portrait photography1864
pistolography1866
photochronography1887
snap-work1889
gallery-practice1891
photoreproduction1892
telephotography1892
Kodakry1893
fuzzyism1894
mugging1899
action photography1905
press photography1910
trick photography1913
Kodachrome1915
panchromatism1919
photo reporting1935
photojournalism1938
photo-reportage1939
strobe1949
streak photography1950
satellite photography1954
digital photography1972
time-lapse1975
1864 H. Draper On Constr. Silvered Glass Telescope in Smithsonian Contrib. Knowl. No. 180 v. 48 The usual processes for portrait photography were applied to taking the Moon.
1875 tr. H. W. Vogel Chem. Light & Photogr. xiv. 150 Portrait-photography makes greater demands than any other branch on the good taste of the photographer.
1991 Canad. Notes & Queries 45 15/1 Portrait photography..usurped some of the purely documentary functions of portrait painting.
portrait picture n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > [noun] > an artistic representation > of living thing > of human figure
figurec1400
personage1483
portrait1585
scheme1638
portrait picture1853
anthropomorph1894
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to subject > [noun] > portrait-painting > a portrait
portraiturec1385
physiognomy1483
picture1505
portrait1585
retrait1590
model1605
ritratto1629
family portrait1732
portrait picture1853
1853 Times 9 June 3/2 To be sold, several well made portrait pictures, on plates, for exhibition frame.
1898 Daily News 8 Aug. 5/6 The above portrait-pictures must include some 5,000 faces, to say nothing of busts, half, quarter lengths, and full figures.
1976 D. Francis In Frame vii. 103 A portrait picture of an Australian horse..to my taste, overpainted.
1996 Sunday Mail (Queensland) (Nexis) 26 May 13 Fresh roses adorn the tables and portrait pictures grace the side tables.
portrait sculpture n.
ΚΠ
1840 Times 7 Dec. 3/4 The artists of Britain stand unrivalled for their excellence in portrait sculpture.
1933 Burlington Mag. June 299/1 The eloquent lecture on French Portrait Sculpture of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
1991 Jrnl. Hist. of Collections 3 199/2 The Roman portrait-bust..was preserved in late-Antique and medieval spolia—in reliquaries, coins, gems, and even portrait sculpture.
portrait sketch n.
ΚΠ
1834 Let. in E. Thomason Mem. (1845) II. 289 Will you..allow me to make a portrait sketch of you?
1925 W. Cather Professor's House i. iv. 64 She had been much quicker at her lessons than Rosie, and very clever at water-colour portrait sketches.
2004 West Australian (Perth) (Nexis) 6 Nov. 20 She does commissions in oils or acrylic and portrait sketches in pencil.
portrait study n.
ΚΠ
1874 J. H. Dallmeyer On Choice & Use of Photogr. Lenses 21 The latter gentleman has even succeeded in producing his large portrait studies with the same instrument.
1904 Daily Chron. 15 Apr. 3/4 A very excellent portrait-study, a tender and loving reminiscence of the high-spirited,..noble-hearted woman.
1993 Dict. National Biogr.: Missing Persons 180/2 His landscape or portrait studies were equally successful.
portrait work n.
ΚΠ
1859 Times 30 Apr. 10/4 For all the interest or value it possesses, nine-tenths of the portrait work of this year had better have been absent from the walls.
1922 Times 5 Dec. (Suppl.) p. xviii./2 Mr. William Conor..has done good portrait work as well.
2001 Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg) 18 May (Friday Suppl.) 11/4 From 1970 to 2000 Alberts was involved in both photodocumentary..and portrait work.
C2.
portrait bust n. a bust giving a realistic likeness (as opposed to an idealized representation).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > statuary > [noun] > statue > bust or torso
block1535
term1604
busto1626
torse1634
terminus1638
busty1684
bust1691
shoulder-piece1692
protome1737
torso1797
portrait bust1827
terminal1876
term figure1880
1827 Times 26 Mar. 4/4 A miniature portrait bust of Cicero..in a red morocco case.
1887 Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 22 Sept. 4/1 Governor Ames has given the sculptor..an order for a portrait-bust.
1992 Ashmolean Christmas 19/2 The smooth naturalism of Rodinesque portrait busts.
portrait collar n. (on a garment, esp. a woman's garment) a type of large wide collar intended to frame the face.
ΚΠ
1935 Stevens Point (Wisconsin) Daily Jrnl. 19 Feb. 7/5 Portrait collars—meaning collars that are new and flattering on sheer wool shirtwaist dresses as sketched.
1997 Fashion Aug.–Sept. 7 Portrait collar blouse.
portrait gallery n. (a gallery containing) a collection of portraits; also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > display of pictures > [noun] > gallery
gallerya1616
cabinet1675
picture gallery1721
portrait gallery1780
picture house1838
art gallery1841
art museum1845
rogues' gallery1857
art house1882
1780 R. Gough Brit. Topogr. I. p. xlii The upper windows at Long Melford church..were portrait galleries of the Seckford and Beauchamp families.
1841 R. W. Emerson Lect. on Times (1855) Misc. 215 Why not draw for these times a portrait-gallery?
1934 Evening News 9 July 11/2 The most famous is at the foot of the Irving statue at the side of the National Portrait Gallery.
1992 Canad. Geographic Jan. 86/3 There is some biographical material, including a bizarre portrait gallery presenting 16 Canadians who have won ‘recent awards’.
portrait lathe n. now historical a lathe adapted for turning copies of busts or medallions.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine tool > lathe > [noun] > other lathes
pole-lathe1815
throw-lathe1875
turret-lathe1875
transfer-lathe1877
trimming-machine1877
portrait lathea1884
semi-automatic1902
chamfering lathe1921
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 713/2 Portrait Lathe, a lathe adapted to copying busts.
1905 Westm. Gaz. 27 June 1/3 He was engaged in the Paris Mint, and while there invented a portrait lathe by which medallion dies of any size might be engraved in steel.
2002 Mag. Antiques (Nexis) 1 July 82 (note) In 1837 the Contamin portrait lathe was imported from France.
portrait lens n. Photography a compound photographic lens adapted for taking portraits, usually having a long focal length in relation to the size of the negative or plate.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > camera > parts and accessories of camera > [noun] > lens > types of
portrait lens1852
short-focus lens1862
periscope1865
rectilinear1867
pantoscope1868
wide-angle1868
long lens1876
apochromatic1887
anastigmat1890
concentric lens1890
euryscope1890
landscape lens1890
rectigraph1890
symmetrical1890
concentric1893
telelens1893
telephoto1894
monocle1897
stigmat1901
stigmatic1902
Long Tom1910
zoom lens1932
Panavision1955
teleconverter1959
macro lens1961
zoom1969
macro1971
1852 Times 27 July 1/3 (advt.) Photography. Wanted to purchase on moderate terms, a double achromatic portrait lens.
1884 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 805/2 Petzval designed the ‘portrait-lens’, in which two achromatic lenses, placed at a certain distance apart, combine to form the image.
1991 Photo Answers June 47/3 The most popular focal length for a macro lens these days is 90mm, which makes a perfect portrait lens as well.
portrait neckline n. = portrait collar n.
ΚΠ
1940 Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune 9 May 16 (advt.) Portrait neckline with ribbon interlace.
1999 A. Arensberg Incubus iii. 31 Now she turned into an expert on fashion, arguing the merits of..cream, blush-pink, or oyster; stand-up collars versus portrait necklines.
portrait painting n. and adj. (a) n. the action of painting portraits (literal and figurative); (b) adj. (in form portrait-painting) designating a person who paints portraits.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to subject > [noun] > portrait-painting
portrait1589
picture-drawing1625
vandyking1633
portrait painting1713
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to subject > [adjective] > portrait-painting
portrait painting1842
1713 Spectator 6 Dec. 466 Instead of going to Italy, or elsewhere, one that designs for Portrait Painting ought to study in England.
1821 H. C. Robinson Diary 2 Dec. (1967) 71 I have finished Waverley... Its merit lies in portrait and scene painting.
1842 C. Dickens Let. 2 Apr. (1974) III. 179 My portrait-painting friend told me.
1991 Canad. Notes & Queries 45 15/1 Portrait painting had long since recovered from the threat of photography to emerge as a quite distinct, more dignified, and more expensive undertaking for people wishing to see their features immortalized.
2002 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 14 Apr. vii. 11/1 Sickles was bilked out of much of his money by a portrait-painting princess with the unlikely name of Lenott Parlaghy.
portrait ring n. a ring with a miniature portrait set in it.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > ring > [noun] > other types of ring
kine-ringc1225
pontificala1500
hoop-ring1545
death's head1577
ring of remembrance1659
serjeant's ring1690
garter-ring1709
bath-ring1771
solitaire1832
regard ring1853
key ring1856
bodylet1870
portrait ring1877
tower-ring1877
whistle-ring1877
marquise1885
princess-ring1886
dinner ring1890
cluster ring1897
eternity ring1939
1877 W. Jones Finger-ring Lore 496 I have mentioned several portrait-rings of remarkable interest.
2002 Daily Record (Glasgow) (Nexis) 12 Mar. 14 A tiny portrait ring given by Mary Queen of Scots to her goddaughter the night before she was beheaded in 1587.
portrait statue n. a statue giving a realistic likeness (as opposed to an idealized representation).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > statuary > [noun] > statue > other types of statue
Silenus?1543
round1634
polychrome1801
portrait statue1840
acroterion1842
magot1844
acrolith1847
tekoteko1848
petrifact1875
1840 Times 7 Dec. 3/4 A portrait statue, representing Wellington at the time he won the battle of Waterloo.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 598/2 From an artistic point of view, he was most successful in his portrait-statues and groups of children.
1996 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 24 Nov. xiii.cn 29/1 Objects ranging from life-size marble portrait statues and reliefs to coins, jewelry and children's toys are now placed in historical, political and social contexts.
portrait stone n. a flat crystal or stone (esp. a flat diamond) used to cover a miniature portrait.
ΚΠ
1884 Times 6 Dec. 12/4 Specimen Diamonds, as Portrait Stones.
1970 E. Bruton Diamonds xvii. 284 Very thin crystals..have been used to glaze miniature paintings and are called portrait stones or lasques.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

portraitv.

Brit. /ˈpɔːtreɪt/, /ˈpɔːtrᵻt/, U.S. /ˈpɔrtrət/
Forms: 1500s portraite, 1500s portrate, 1500s purtraict, 1500s purtrait, 1500s purtrayt, 1500s–1600s portraict, 1500s–1600s pourtraict, 1500s– portrait, 1600s portract, 1600s pourtract, 1600s pourtrait, 1600s pourtrayt, 1600s purtract.
Origin: Perhaps of multiple origins. Apparently either (i) formed within English, by derivation. Or perhaps (ii) formed within English, as a back-formation. Probably also partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: portray v.; portraitour n., portraiture n.; portrait n.
Etymology: Apparently < the past participle of portray v. (see forms portrait , purtrait , purtraite at that entry). Attested earliest in the past participle portraited , which could alternatively be interpreted as simply a variant of the past participle of portray v. with secondary suffixation, from which a present stem portrait subsequently arose by analogy. Alternatively, perhaps a back-formation < either portraitour n. or portraiture n. Probably also in later use partly < portrait n. Compare porture v.Compare Anglo-Norman purtreiter , purtreter , portraiter to portray, represent, to shape, fashion (c1230; alteration of purtraire portray v.), although the chronological gap is probably too great for the Anglo-Norman verb to be considered the etymon of the present word; compare also Old French portretier to repeat, reproduce (13th cent. in an isolated attestation).
1.
a. transitive. To make a portrait, picture, or image of; = portray v. 2b. Also with forth.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > representation > [verb (transitive)]
depaint?c1225
paintc1275
figurec1380
resemblea1393
portraya1398
represent?a1425
impicture1523
portrait1548
shadow1553
to paint forth1558
storize1590
personate1591
limn1593
propound1594
model1604
table1607
semble1610
rendera1616
to paint out1633
person1644
present1649
to figure out1657
historize1668
to fancy out1669
to take off1680
figurate1698
refer1700
display1726
depicture1739
depict1817
actualize1848
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > represent in art [verb (transitive)]
workOE
shapea1375
express1382
marka1393
resemblea1393
portraya1398
devisea1400
makea1400
represent?a1425
counterfeitc1440
to set on write1486
porturea1500
emporturea1529
story1532
portrait1548
show1565
decipher1567
portraiture1581
to set forth1585
emblazea1592
stell1598
defigure1599
infigure1606
effigiate1608
deportract1611
deportray1611
rendera1616
image1624
configure1630
exiconize1641
effigies1652
to take off1680
mimic1770
paraphrase1961
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. lxxxiiiiv In it was the whole spere [= sphere] portrated.
1591 H. Savile tr. Tacitus Ende of Nero: Fower Bks. Hist. ii. 54 She [sc. Venus] is not elswhere purtraited so.
1596 R. Linche Dom Diego in Diella sig. F2 To..portraite forth thy Angel-hued beautie.
1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie iii. xxiv. 173 I am farre from their opinion who damne it for superstition to portraict [1640 portract] that glorious Virgin, or her Babe.
1660 Baker's Chron. Kings of Eng. (new ed.) 516 The Royall Standard was taken, upon which was Protraicted the Head of the late King lying a bleeding.
1680 ‘Philalethes’ tr. G. Buchanan De Jure Regni apud Scotos 32 The perfect Image of the true Helena, pourtracted with her lively Colours.
1745 J. Miller Picture ix. 19 Must thou be portraited with all thy honourable Branches about thee,..and then be pasted up in Coblers Stalls?
1769 T. Snelling Misc. Views Coins 43 The King is portraited to the waist, and crowned.
1864 Duke of Manchester Court & Society I. xi. 216 To sit to a limner to be ‘portraited’, as the phrase ran.
1908 Daily Chron. 3 Apr. 4/4 We are not puffed and paragraphed and portraited in the papers.
1924 Sheboygan (Wisconsin) Press-Telegram 24 May Silhouette artists of such ability as Mr. Harrison are rare in this country, and he has the distinction of being the only one who makes a specialty of portraiting children.
1988 Advertiser (Adelaide) (Nexis) 20 Dec. The loved one may be portraited by Francesco Scavullo for $25,000, plus $4000 for the hair and make-up artist.
b. transitive (reflexive). To advance or proceed by means of painting portraits. rare.
ΚΠ
1926 W. J. Locke Old Bridge ii. v. 77 She would paint figures from the live model, and make much money; while he would portrait himself into celebrity.
2.
a. transitive. To draw or make (a picture, figure, or image); = portray v. 2c. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > [verb (transitive)] > make a work of art
workOE
portraya1398
portrait1552
1552 [implied in: R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Portraytynge of ymages in mettall or stone, sculptura. (at portraiting n.)].
1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 47 No image or picture, howe well soeuer it bee painted and purtrayted, is to be compared with the forme and figure of mans bodie.
1635 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Donzella Desterrada 107 I caused to be pourtrayted on my shield the Impresa of the Swan.
1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. vii. v. 9 To pourtraict this on a..Plane, first draw the Horizontal Line.
1798 Time Piece (N.Y.) 19 Feb. (advt.) It is the general opinion that as a portrait, it is one of the most perfect that has ever been portraited.
b. transitive. figurative. To depict or call up (an image) in speech, writing, imagination, etc. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1576 T. Newton tr. L. Lemnie Touchstone of Complexions i. v. f. 33 I will pourtraict & set before your eyes, a patterne and image thereof, first conceyued in mynd or imagination.
1623 W. Drummond Cypresse Groue in Flowres of Sion 70 As those Images were pourtraited in my minde.
3. transitive. figurative. To represent or describe vividly; to set forth in speech or writing; = portray v. 4. Also with out.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > describe [verb (transitive)] > in detail or graphically
descrive?c1225
depaint1382
painta1387
portraya1387
huea1525
portrait1581
imagea1586
picture1586
pencil1610
detail1650
depict1713
depicture1798
daguerreotype1839
word-paint1839
photograph1849
Kodak1892
1581 N. Woodes Conflict of Conscience i. i. A iij I will therefore in breefe purtraict and paint him out.
1593 T. Bilson Perpetual Govt. Christes Church 25 That Christ did portrait out for the regiment of his Church.
1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xv. 624/1 Our learned Knight Eliot setting his pen to portrait a perfect Gouernour.
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. i. 14 The Authour..doth pourtraict and describe the Bounty, and Church-buildings of that King.
1749 W. Hawkins Henry & Rosamond iii. i. 31 In Terms so clear, that the Similitude Himself portraiting strongly to himself, Shall strike upon his Soul.
1786 W. Young Hist. Athens Preface p. vii History, when it portraited an individual, was confined to a narrower ground.
1981 Hiroshima Stud. Eng. Lang. & Lit. 26 81 This novel portraits a heroine who embodies pragmatism.
2000 Toronto Star (Nexis) 12 Apr. The writing is graphic, with the horror and the pity of war relentlessly portraited.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adv.adj.1560v.1548
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