poorlyadj.

Brit.

/ˈpɔːli/,

/ˈpʊəli/, U.S.

/ˈpʊrli/,

/ˈpɔrli/

Forms: 1700s– poorly, 1900s– poolie (Irish English (northern)).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: poor adj., -ly suffix¹.

Etymology: < poor adj. + -ly suffix¹, apparently originally after poorly adv. (in, e.g. to look poorly : compare look v. 11b). Compare well adj. 5.

Chiefly British.

Unwell, in ill health.Originally only in predicative use, and in attributive use still somewhat colloquial.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased > dangerously ill

far gone1533

poorly1570

cankerous1609

dangerous1620

cankery1674

à la mort1700

(to be) on the danger list1938

the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased

untrumc825

sickc888

unwholec888

slackc897

unstronga900

sicklea1000

sam-halea1023

worseOE

attaint1303

languishinga1325

heallessc1374

sicklyc1374

sicklewa1387

bada1393

mishalea1400

languoring?c1425

distempered1440

unwell?c1450

detent?a1475

poora1475

languorousc1475

maladif1481

illa1500

maladiousc1500

wanthriven1508

attainted1509

unsound1513

acrazed1521

cracked1527

unsoundya1529

visited1537

infirmed1552

crazed1555

healthless1568

ill-liking1572

afflicted1574

crazy1576

unhealthful1580

sickish1581

valetudinary1581

not well1587

fainty1590

ill-disposed1596

unhealthsome1598

tainted1600

ill-affected1604

peaking1611

unhealthy1611

infirmited1616

disaffected1626

physical1633

illish1637

pimping1640

invalid1642

misaffected1645

valetudinarious1648

unhale1653

badly1654

unwholesome1655

valetudinous1655

morbulent1656

off the hooksa1658

mawkish1668

morbid1668

unthriven1680

unsane1690

ailing1716

not wellish1737

underlya1742

poorly1750

indifferent1753

comical1755

maladized1790

sober1808

sickened1815

broken-down1816

peaky1821

poorlyish1827

souffrante1827

run-down1831

sicklied1835

addle1844

shaky1844

mean1845

dauncy1846

stricken1846

peakyish1853

po'ly1860

pindling1861

rough1882

rocky1883

suffering1885

wabbit1895

icky-boo1920

like death warmed up1924

icky1938

ropy1945

crappy1956

hanging1971

sick as a parrot1982

shite1987

1570 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandry (new ed.) f. 15^v Al cattel wax faint, and looke poorely and thin.

a1627 T. Middleton Witch (1945) iii. ii. 37 Why shak'st thy head soe? and look'st so pale, and poorely?

c1630 Soddered Citizen (1936) iii. iv. 54 S^r., I knowe you not, Or you are alterd much, since I last sawe you, Howe poorely S^r. you looke, alas good man, I pittie your misfortunes.

1702 Progress Christian Pilgrim (ed. 2) 63 The Inn-keeper came to know what he wanted; and seeing him look so poorly, ask'd him how he did?

1744 D. Brainerd Diary 13 May in J. Edwards Acct. Life D. Brainerd (1765) 110 Felt very poorly after my long journey.

1750 B. Lynde Diary in B. Lynde & B. Lynde Diaries (1880) 171 All summer I complaining and poorly, and my eyes troublesome.

1756 W. Toldervy Hist. Two Orphans III. 201 This quotation caused even Mrs. Nightley to laugh, tho' she was but poorly.

1829 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1971) VI. 809 Your Father, Mother & Aunt Lucy, with myself and other et ceteras of the Household are, each in his or her line, pretty well—mine, of course, being the bettermost sort of the poorly line.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xx. 530 His wife had..been poorly.

1870 J. C. Atkinson Lost xvii The headache and the poorly feeling..were no pretences.

1927 C. Connolly Let. Dec. in Romantic Friendship (1975) 316 I still..feel generally poorly.

1956 Times 4 Jan. 4/3 On further questioning [he] said he had ‘a very poorly wife’.

1991 R. Anderson Paper Faces ii. 6 Children couldn't go into the children's ward unless they themselves were poorly.

Derivatives

ˈpoorlyish adj. rare somewhat poorly.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased

untrumc825

sickc888

unwholec888

slackc897

unstronga900

sicklea1000

sam-halea1023

worseOE

attaint1303

languishinga1325

heallessc1374

sicklyc1374

sicklewa1387

bada1393

mishalea1400

languoring?c1425

distempered1440

unwell?c1450

detent?a1475

poora1475

languorousc1475

maladif1481

illa1500

maladiousc1500

wanthriven1508

attainted1509

unsound1513

acrazed1521

cracked1527

unsoundya1529

visited1537

infirmed1552

crazed1555

healthless1568

ill-liking1572

afflicted1574

crazy1576

unhealthful1580

sickish1581

valetudinary1581

not well1587

fainty1590

ill-disposed1596

unhealthsome1598

tainted1600

ill-affected1604

peaking1611

unhealthy1611

infirmited1616

disaffected1626

physical1633

illish1637

pimping1640

invalid1642

misaffected1645

valetudinarious1648

unhale1653

badly1654

unwholesome1655

valetudinous1655

morbulent1656

off the hooksa1658

mawkish1668

morbid1668

unthriven1680

unsane1690

ailing1716

not wellish1737

underlya1742

poorly1750

indifferent1753

comical1755

maladized1790

sober1808

sickened1815

broken-down1816

peaky1821

poorlyish1827

souffrante1827

run-down1831

sicklied1835

addle1844

shaky1844

mean1845

dauncy1846

stricken1846

peakyish1853

po'ly1860

pindling1861

rough1882

rocky1883

suffering1885

wabbit1895

icky-boo1920

like death warmed up1924

icky1938

ropy1945

crappy1956

hanging1971

sick as a parrot1982

shite1987

1827 C. Lamb Let. 28 Aug. (1935) III. 122 I am but poorlyish, and feel myself writing a dull letter.

1863 R. Chambers Bk. of Days I. 733/1 ‘Well, Betty,’ said a lady, ‘how are you?’ ‘Pure, thank you ma'am; but I has been rather poorlyish.’

2005 www.briskoda.net 12 Aug. (O.E.D. archive) Car is poorly-ish, though slightly better at the minute.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

poorlyadv.

Brit.

/ˈpɔːli/,

/ˈpʊəli/, U.S.

/ˈpʊrli/,

/ˈpɔrli/

Forms: see poor adj. and n.¹ and -ly suffix²; also late Middle English poryly.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: poor adj., -ly suffix².

Etymology: < poor adj. + -ly suffix².

1. Inadequately, imperfectly, unsatisfactorily; with deficiency of some desirable quality; scantily; meanly, shabbily; in an inferior way; not well, rather badly, with no great success. Also: not highly; with low estimation.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > [adverb]

poorlyc1230

badlyc1400

meanly1550

inferiorly1605

indifferently1676

queerly1699

awfully1815

shickery1851

shoddily1899

terribly1906

the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [adverb] > inadequately

poorlyc1230

unsatisfactorily1657

inadequatelya1691

c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 36 Ant tah minentente beo to beten ham [sc. sins] her inne ich hit do se poureliche.

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 323 (MED) He..þerhinne dede hire fede Pourelike.

c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 440 (MED) A man he semed of michel miȝt, Ac pouerliche he was biweued.

c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 1412 Oonly a squyer..Which was disgised pourely as he was.

c1443 R. Pecock Reule of Crysten Religioun (1927) 387 (MED) A man is not but porely endewid wiþ loue..toward þee, lord.

a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 17341 (MED) I may nat levyn..Thow sholdest han so gret power, Wych that art so poryly Arrayed.

1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall 5 My sirname is Peace-Maker, one that is but poorely regarded in England.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §669 If you sow one ground still with..the same kind of grain, as wheat, barley, &c. it will prosper but poorly.

1688 J. N. in Poet. Recreations ii. 29 'T'as been our Country's Scandal, now of late, For want of Fancy, poorly to Translate.

a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 673 Their books were poorly but insolently writ.

1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. iii. 320 They well knew how poorly she was manned and provided for struggling with so tempestuous a gale.

1823 R. Southey Hist. Peninsular War I. 772 From the beginning Sir John Moore had thought..poorly of the Spaniards.

1883 M. E. Mann Parish of Hilby xviii. 219 Even now the wives and children came but poorly off.

1928 Collier's 10 Nov. 35/2 The sufferer generally eats poorly and faddishly.

1994 H. Bloom Western Canon ii. ii. 46 At that point, had Shakespeare died, he would have compared poorly to Marlowe.

2. In a state of poverty or want; with insufficient money; needily, indigently, penuriously.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > poverty > [adverb]

poorlyc1330

soberlya1387

alowc1400

beggarlyc1400

penuriously1616

needily1642

necessitously1776

c1330 Sir Orfeo (Auch.) (1966) 236 (MED) Þer was wepe & wo When he þat hadde ben king wiþ croun Went so pouerlich out of toun.

c1395 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 213 Poureliche yfostred vp was she.

?a1425 (?a1350) T. Castleford Chron. Lear 368 in G. Haselbach & G. Hartmann Festschrift (1957) 225 (MED) Nowthyr of þame þane hald hym wyld But purly to hys dayes wer fyld.

1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton D iij Bycause that nature hath created the pourly & al naked.

1572 J. Bridges tr. R. Gwalther Hundred, Threescore & Fiftene Homelyes vppon Actes Apostles xiii. 539 He rather would haue his sonne lyue poorely and not regarded in this world, and at length to suffer shameful death, than to breake his promise.

1588 R. Greene Perimedes sig. E4 Poorely content is better then richlye couetous.

1653 R. Younge Philarguromastix ii. xviii. 15 He had rather live poorly, being assured of the bliss of Heaven, as now he was; then by possessing all worldy riches and splendour, to put the same in hazard.

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 121 The Banyans that live poorly and meanly.

1728 D. Defoe Plan Eng. Commerce ii. 91 A poor labouring Man..; if he has a Wife and three or four Children to feed, and who get little or nothing for themselves, must fare hard, and live poorly.

1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 109 Nor longer mourn thy fate is hard, Thus poorly low!

1833 H. Martineau Brooke & Brooke Farm (ed. 3) vii. 87 It was grievous to see in a short time how poorly they lived.

1876 S. C. J. Ingham White Cross xxxvii I will use all these ill-gotten gains in doing good, while I live poorly myself.

1938 D. Thomas Let. 28 Mar. (1987) 284 We are completely penniless. I do not mean that we just live poorly; I mean that we go without food, without proper clothes, have shelter on charity, [etc.].

1993 A. Higgins Lions of Grunewald xviii. 107 Weaver's mammy, living poorly, brought rice puddings for her little grandson.

†3. Piteously; humbly; meekly. Frequently with negative sense: abjectly; despicably, contemptibly; mean-spiritedly, without courage. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > humility > [adverb]

edmodlichec1175

meeklyc1175

low1340

lowlyc1350

humblyc1374

humilyc1380

meeka1382

poorlyc1385

benignlyc1386

lowlily1415

sheep-like1582

demissly1598

squire-like1608

demissively1622

forma pauperisa1627

under favour1699

daftly1724

abasedly1830

the mind > emotion > fear > cowardice or pusillanimity > [adverb] > in an abjectly cowardly manner

poorlyc1385

currishly1519

dastardly1552

sheep-like1582

cravenlya1593

cur-like1627

dastard-like1835

c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 1554 Now I am so caytif and so thral That..I serue hym as his squyer pourely [v.rr. purely, pouerly, poorlye, pouerelye].

c1475 Antichrist & Disciples in J. H. Todd Three Treat. J. Wycklyffe (1851) p. cxxxvii (MED) Crist sate amonge hise discyples & serued hem at þe mete ful porly lowe on þe erþe.

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. cxiii. [cix.] 326 To put hymselfe poorely, without any reseruacyon into his obeysaunce and commaundement.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 11553 She prayet hym pourly with hir pure hert, Of Menelay, hir maistur, to make hir a frynde.

a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 64 Out throw the thrang rycht puirlie he flaw.

1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xxviii. 228 To set free the minds of English men from longing to return poorly under that Captivity of Kings.

1664 S. Pepys Diary 24 Dec. (1971) V. 355 He, instead of opposing..did poorly go on board himself to ask what De Ruter would have.

1735 G. Lillo Christian Hero iii. 34 They [sc. Romans] poorly fled to Death, t'avoid Misfortunes; May Christian Patience teach thee to o'ercome 'em.

a1811 J. Leyden Ld. Soulis in Poet. Wks. (1875) 82 Young Branxholm peeped, and puirly spake, ‘Oh, sic a death is no for me!’

4. Discourteously, unhandsomely; in a manner unworthy of one's position.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > ignobleness or baseness > [adverb]

undignelyc1315

poorlyc1390

vilea1400

ignobly1594

unnobly1595

meanly1602

meana1626

unhandsomely1650

projectedly1660

unheroically1783

undignifiedly1856

raffishly1897

c1390 Gregorius (Vernon) (1914) 152 Þe penaunt porliche [c1350 Cleo. wiþ scorn] he gret.

1666 S. Pepys Diary 6 Aug. (1972) VII. 237 They told me how poorly my Lord carried himself the other day to his kinswoman, Mrs. Howard, and was displeased because she called him uncle.

1676 J. Dryden Aureng-Zebe v. 74 The Gods have poorly robb'd my Virgin bloom.

1680 T. Otway Orphan ii. 22 'Twas poorly done, unworthy of your self.

1723 R. Steele Conscious Lovers ii. i A Man, who poorly left me, to marry an Estate.

1797 H. Lee Canterbury Tales I. 366 Neither, to say truth, am I inclined so poorly to treat myself.

1858 Times 27 Dec. 9/2 The third estate, however, seems to have been but poorly treated in those days.

1911 G. M. Trevelyan Garibaldi & Making of Italy iii. 64 Some of the upper class of the island behaved poorly, refusing to serve unless they were at once given commissions.

1989 N.Y. Times 23 Dec. 25/4 He often criticized white commanders of black troops who treated them poorly and praised those who were kind.

Compounds

With participial adjectives, as poorly furnished, poorly developed, etc.

ΚΠ

1792 R. Heron tr. J.-F. Marmontel in tr. New Coll. Moral Tales III. 24 I saw everything clean and in order, but a very poorly furnished house indeed.

1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge iii. 250 Long lines of poorly lighted streets.

1877 W. Black Green Pastures v A spacious, poorly-furnished chamber.

1897 Westm. Gaz. 10 Dec. 4/3 The best modes of dealing with poorly-gifted children.

1916 A. H. Estabrook Jukes in 1915 20 She..tried to do well by her intemperate, inefficient husband..and four anemic, poorly fed, and mentally deficient children.

1957 R. Hoggart Uses of Literacy vi. 167 Most issues are, or should be, simply explainable even to a poorly-developed or to a lazy mind.

2004 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 26 Sept. 31/1 Sex books..are usually tucked away in poorly lighted sections in the back of book shops.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	poorly
释义	poorlyadj. Brit. /ˈpɔːli/, /ˈpʊəli/, U.S. /ˈpʊrli/, /ˈpɔrli/ Forms: 1700s– poorly, 1900s– poolie (Irish English (northern)). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: poor adj., -ly suffix¹. Etymology: < poor adj. + -ly suffix¹, apparently originally after poorly adv. (in, e.g. to look poorly : compare look v. 11b). Compare well adj. 5. Chiefly British. Unwell, in ill health.Originally only in predicative use, and in attributive use still somewhat colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased > dangerously ill far gone1533 poorly1570 cankerous1609 dangerous1620 cankery1674 à la mort1700 (to be) on the danger list1938 the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased untrumc825 sickc888 unwholec888 slackc897 unstronga900 sicklea1000 sam-halea1023 worseOE attaint1303 languishinga1325 heallessc1374 sicklyc1374 sicklewa1387 bada1393 mishalea1400 languoring?c1425 distempered1440 unwell?c1450 detent?a1475 poora1475 languorousc1475 maladif1481 illa1500 maladiousc1500 wanthriven1508 attainted1509 unsound1513 acrazed1521 cracked1527 unsoundya1529 visited1537 infirmed1552 crazed1555 healthless1568 ill-liking1572 afflicted1574 crazy1576 unhealthful1580 sickish1581 valetudinary1581 not well1587 fainty1590 ill-disposed1596 unhealthsome1598 tainted1600 ill-affected1604 peaking1611 unhealthy1611 infirmited1616 disaffected1626 physical1633 illish1637 pimping1640 invalid1642 misaffected1645 valetudinarious1648 unhale1653 badly1654 unwholesome1655 valetudinous1655 morbulent1656 off the hooksa1658 mawkish1668 morbid1668 unthriven1680 unsane1690 ailing1716 not wellish1737 underlya1742 poorly1750 indifferent1753 comical1755 maladized1790 sober1808 sickened1815 broken-down1816 peaky1821 poorlyish1827 souffrante1827 run-down1831 sicklied1835 addle1844 shaky1844 mean1845 dauncy1846 stricken1846 peakyish1853 po'ly1860 pindling1861 rough1882 rocky1883 suffering1885 wabbit1895 icky-boo1920 like death warmed up1924 icky1938 ropy1945 crappy1956 hanging1971 sick as a parrot1982 shite1987 1570 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandry (new ed.) f. 15^v Al cattel wax faint, and looke poorely and thin. a1627 T. Middleton Witch (1945) iii. ii. 37 Why shak'st thy head soe? and look'st so pale, and poorely? c1630 Soddered Citizen (1936) iii. iv. 54 S^r., I knowe you not, Or you are alterd much, since I last sawe you, Howe poorely S^r. you looke, alas good man, I pittie your misfortunes. 1702 Progress Christian Pilgrim (ed. 2) 63 The Inn-keeper came to know what he wanted; and seeing him look so poorly, ask'd him how he did? 1744 D. Brainerd Diary 13 May in J. Edwards Acct. Life D. Brainerd (1765) 110 Felt very poorly after my long journey. 1750 B. Lynde Diary in B. Lynde & B. Lynde Diaries (1880) 171 All summer I complaining and poorly, and my eyes troublesome. 1756 W. Toldervy Hist. Two Orphans III. 201 This quotation caused even Mrs. Nightley to laugh, tho' she was but poorly. 1829 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1971) VI. 809 Your Father, Mother & Aunt Lucy, with myself and other et ceteras of the Household are, each in his or her line, pretty well—mine, of course, being the bettermost sort of the poorly line. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xx. 530 His wife had..been poorly. 1870 J. C. Atkinson Lost xvii The headache and the poorly feeling..were no pretences. 1927 C. Connolly Let. Dec. in Romantic Friendship (1975) 316 I still..feel generally poorly. 1956 Times 4 Jan. 4/3 On further questioning [he] said he had ‘a very poorly wife’. 1991 R. Anderson Paper Faces ii. 6 Children couldn't go into the children's ward unless they themselves were poorly. Derivatives ˈpoorlyish adj. rare somewhat poorly. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased untrumc825 sickc888 unwholec888 slackc897 unstronga900 sicklea1000 sam-halea1023 worseOE attaint1303 languishinga1325 heallessc1374 sicklyc1374 sicklewa1387 bada1393 mishalea1400 languoring?c1425 distempered1440 unwell?c1450 detent?a1475 poora1475 languorousc1475 maladif1481 illa1500 maladiousc1500 wanthriven1508 attainted1509 unsound1513 acrazed1521 cracked1527 unsoundya1529 visited1537 infirmed1552 crazed1555 healthless1568 ill-liking1572 afflicted1574 crazy1576 unhealthful1580 sickish1581 valetudinary1581 not well1587 fainty1590 ill-disposed1596 unhealthsome1598 tainted1600 ill-affected1604 peaking1611 unhealthy1611 infirmited1616 disaffected1626 physical1633 illish1637 pimping1640 invalid1642 misaffected1645 valetudinarious1648 unhale1653 badly1654 unwholesome1655 valetudinous1655 morbulent1656 off the hooksa1658 mawkish1668 morbid1668 unthriven1680 unsane1690 ailing1716 not wellish1737 underlya1742 poorly1750 indifferent1753 comical1755 maladized1790 sober1808 sickened1815 broken-down1816 peaky1821 poorlyish1827 souffrante1827 run-down1831 sicklied1835 addle1844 shaky1844 mean1845 dauncy1846 stricken1846 peakyish1853 po'ly1860 pindling1861 rough1882 rocky1883 suffering1885 wabbit1895 icky-boo1920 like death warmed up1924 icky1938 ropy1945 crappy1956 hanging1971 sick as a parrot1982 shite1987 1827 C. Lamb Let. 28 Aug. (1935) III. 122 I am but poorlyish, and feel myself writing a dull letter. 1863 R. Chambers Bk. of Days I. 733/1 ‘Well, Betty,’ said a lady, ‘how are you?’ ‘Pure, thank you ma'am; but I has been rather poorlyish.’ 2005 www.briskoda.net 12 Aug. (O.E.D. archive) Car is poorly-ish, though slightly better at the minute. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). poorlyadv. Brit. /ˈpɔːli/, /ˈpʊəli/, U.S. /ˈpʊrli/, /ˈpɔrli/ Forms: see poor adj. and n.¹ and -ly suffix²; also late Middle English poryly. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: poor adj., -ly suffix². Etymology: < poor adj. + -ly suffix². 1. Inadequately, imperfectly, unsatisfactorily; with deficiency of some desirable quality; scantily; meanly, shabbily; in an inferior way; not well, rather badly, with no great success. Also: not highly; with low estimation. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > [adverb] poorlyc1230 badlyc1400 meanly1550 inferiorly1605 indifferently1676 queerly1699 awfully1815 shickery1851 shoddily1899 terribly1906 the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [adverb] > inadequately poorlyc1230 unsatisfactorily1657 inadequatelya1691 c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 36 Ant tah minentente beo to beten ham [sc. sins] her inne ich hit do se poureliche. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 323 (MED) He..þerhinne dede hire fede Pourelike. c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 440 (MED) A man he semed of michel miȝt, Ac pouerliche he was biweued. c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 1412 Oonly a squyer..Which was disgised pourely as he was. c1443 R. Pecock Reule of Crysten Religioun (1927) 387 (MED) A man is not but porely endewid wiþ loue..toward þee, lord. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 17341 (MED) I may nat levyn..Thow sholdest han so gret power, Wych that art so poryly Arrayed. 1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall 5 My sirname is Peace-Maker, one that is but poorely regarded in England. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §669 If you sow one ground still with..the same kind of grain, as wheat, barley, &c. it will prosper but poorly. 1688 J. N. in Poet. Recreations ii. 29 'T'as been our Country's Scandal, now of late, For want of Fancy, poorly to Translate. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 673 Their books were poorly but insolently writ. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. iii. 320 They well knew how poorly she was manned and provided for struggling with so tempestuous a gale. 1823 R. Southey Hist. Peninsular War I. 772 From the beginning Sir John Moore had thought..poorly of the Spaniards. 1883 M. E. Mann Parish of Hilby xviii. 219 Even now the wives and children came but poorly off. 1928 Collier's 10 Nov. 35/2 The sufferer generally eats poorly and faddishly. 1994 H. Bloom Western Canon ii. ii. 46 At that point, had Shakespeare died, he would have compared poorly to Marlowe. 2. In a state of poverty or want; with insufficient money; needily, indigently, penuriously. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > [adverb] poorlyc1330 soberlya1387 alowc1400 beggarlyc1400 penuriously1616 needily1642 necessitously1776 c1330 Sir Orfeo (Auch.) (1966) 236 (MED) Þer was wepe & wo When he þat hadde ben king wiþ croun Went so pouerlich out of toun. c1395 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 213 Poureliche yfostred vp was she. ?a1425 (?a1350) T. Castleford Chron. Lear 368 in G. Haselbach & G. Hartmann Festschrift (1957) 225 (MED) Nowthyr of þame þane hald hym wyld But purly to hys dayes wer fyld. 1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton D iij Bycause that nature hath created the pourly & al naked. 1572 J. Bridges tr. R. Gwalther Hundred, Threescore & Fiftene Homelyes vppon Actes Apostles xiii. 539 He rather would haue his sonne lyue poorely and not regarded in this world, and at length to suffer shameful death, than to breake his promise. 1588 R. Greene Perimedes sig. E4 Poorely content is better then richlye couetous. 1653 R. Younge Philarguromastix ii. xviii. 15 He had rather live poorly, being assured of the bliss of Heaven, as now he was; then by possessing all worldy riches and splendour, to put the same in hazard. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 121 The Banyans that live poorly and meanly. 1728 D. Defoe Plan Eng. Commerce ii. 91 A poor labouring Man..; if he has a Wife and three or four Children to feed, and who get little or nothing for themselves, must fare hard, and live poorly. 1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 109 Nor longer mourn thy fate is hard, Thus poorly low! 1833 H. Martineau Brooke & Brooke Farm (ed. 3) vii. 87 It was grievous to see in a short time how poorly they lived. 1876 S. C. J. Ingham White Cross xxxvii I will use all these ill-gotten gains in doing good, while I live poorly myself. 1938 D. Thomas Let. 28 Mar. (1987) 284 We are completely penniless. I do not mean that we just live poorly; I mean that we go without food, without proper clothes, have shelter on charity, [etc.]. 1993 A. Higgins Lions of Grunewald xviii. 107 Weaver's mammy, living poorly, brought rice puddings for her little grandson. †3. Piteously; humbly; meekly. Frequently with negative sense: abjectly; despicably, contemptibly; mean-spiritedly, without courage. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > [adverb] edmodlichec1175 meeklyc1175 low1340 lowlyc1350 humblyc1374 humilyc1380 meeka1382 poorlyc1385 benignlyc1386 lowlily1415 sheep-like1582 demissly1598 squire-like1608 demissively1622 forma pauperisa1627 under favour1699 daftly1724 abasedly1830 the mind > emotion > fear > cowardice or pusillanimity > [adverb] > in an abjectly cowardly manner poorlyc1385 currishly1519 dastardly1552 sheep-like1582 cravenlya1593 cur-like1627 dastard-like1835 c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 1554 Now I am so caytif and so thral That..I serue hym as his squyer pourely [v.rr. purely, pouerly, poorlye, pouerelye]. c1475 Antichrist & Disciples in J. H. Todd Three Treat. J. Wycklyffe (1851) p. cxxxvii (MED) Crist sate amonge hise discyples & serued hem at þe mete ful porly lowe on þe erþe. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. cxiii. [cix.] 326 To put hymselfe poorely, without any reseruacyon into his obeysaunce and commaundement. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 11553 She prayet hym pourly with hir pure hert, Of Menelay, hir maistur, to make hir a frynde. a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 64 Out throw the thrang rycht puirlie he flaw. 1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xxviii. 228 To set free the minds of English men from longing to return poorly under that Captivity of Kings. 1664 S. Pepys Diary 24 Dec. (1971) V. 355 He, instead of opposing..did poorly go on board himself to ask what De Ruter would have. 1735 G. Lillo Christian Hero iii. 34 They [sc. Romans] poorly fled to Death, t'avoid Misfortunes; May Christian Patience teach thee to o'ercome 'em. a1811 J. Leyden Ld. Soulis in Poet. Wks. (1875) 82 Young Branxholm peeped, and puirly spake, ‘Oh, sic a death is no for me!’ 4. Discourteously, unhandsomely; in a manner unworthy of one's position. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > ignobleness or baseness > [adverb] undignelyc1315 poorlyc1390 vilea1400 ignobly1594 unnobly1595 meanly1602 meana1626 unhandsomely1650 projectedly1660 unheroically1783 undignifiedly1856 raffishly1897 c1390 Gregorius (Vernon) (1914) 152 Þe penaunt porliche [c1350 Cleo. wiþ scorn] he gret. 1666 S. Pepys Diary 6 Aug. (1972) VII. 237 They told me how poorly my Lord carried himself the other day to his kinswoman, Mrs. Howard, and was displeased because she called him uncle. 1676 J. Dryden Aureng-Zebe v. 74 The Gods have poorly robb'd my Virgin bloom. 1680 T. Otway Orphan ii. 22 'Twas poorly done, unworthy of your self. 1723 R. Steele Conscious Lovers ii. i A Man, who poorly left me, to marry an Estate. 1797 H. Lee Canterbury Tales I. 366 Neither, to say truth, am I inclined so poorly to treat myself. 1858 Times 27 Dec. 9/2 The third estate, however, seems to have been but poorly treated in those days. 1911 G. M. Trevelyan Garibaldi & Making of Italy iii. 64 Some of the upper class of the island behaved poorly, refusing to serve unless they were at once given commissions. 1989 N.Y. Times 23 Dec. 25/4 He often criticized white commanders of black troops who treated them poorly and praised those who were kind. Compounds With participial adjectives, as poorly furnished, poorly developed, etc. ΚΠ 1792 R. Heron tr. J.-F. Marmontel in tr. New Coll. Moral Tales III. 24 I saw everything clean and in order, but a very poorly furnished house indeed. 1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge iii. 250 Long lines of poorly lighted streets. 1877 W. Black Green Pastures v A spacious, poorly-furnished chamber. 1897 Westm. Gaz. 10 Dec. 4/3 The best modes of dealing with poorly-gifted children. 1916 A. H. Estabrook Jukes in 1915 20 She..tried to do well by her intemperate, inefficient husband..and four anemic, poorly fed, and mentally deficient children. 1957 R. Hoggart Uses of Literacy vi. 167 Most issues are, or should be, simply explainable even to a poorly-developed or to a lazy mind. 2004 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 26 Sept. 31/1 Sex books..are usually tucked away in poorly lighted sections in the back of book shops. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1570adv.c1230
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