subgraden.

Brit.

/ˈsʌbɡreɪd/, U.S.

/ˈsəbˌɡreɪd/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: sub- prefix, grade n.

Etymology: < sub- prefix + grade n.

1. A subsidiary or subordinate grade; a secondary gradation; a grade within a grade.

ΚΠ

1794 ‘W. Quoerest’ Let. in Gazette of U.S. 2 Sept. 9 Such reports cannot fail of alarming..the minds of those who are not possessed of the Doctor's..capacity of splitting diseases into grades, sub-grades and semi-grades.

1821 Med. Repository New Ser. 6 65 There are subgrades of the disease, the majority of which, cases, eventuate favourably on the third day.

1896 Science 6 Nov. 670/2 The most primitive animals in existence are found in the seven Phyla of the lower Protozoan sub-grade, the Gymnomyxa.

1919 Sociol. Rev. 11 90 We might perhaps recognise..an intermediate group, concerned chiefly with relations between sub-grades.

1931 J. S. Huxley What dare I Think? vi. 218 In this stage of thought there are, of course, many sub-grades.

1998 Observer (Nexis) 22 Mar. 8 Some organisations that have reduced their hierarchy have ended up dividing remaining grades into subgrades to recreate a sense of progression.

2. Civil Engineering. In the construction of roads and other flat load-bearing surfaces: the layer (typically the prepared natural ground) lying immediately beneath the foundations. Cf. substratum n. 4b.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > parts of road > [noun] > layer beneath foundations

subgrade1849

sub-base1876

society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > track > permanent way > layer beneath foundations

subgrade1979

1849 Vermont Watchman 26 July 4/2 It has been the intention of your Engineer..to gravel up the track (where it is laid at sub-grade), as fast as the road is opened.

1893 G. A. Perkins et al. in Rep. Mass. State Highway Comm. v. 78 The subgrade, or the ground on which the large stones rest, should be thoroughly compacted by rolling.

1930 Engineering 1 Aug. 139/3 Maintenance of a mile of gravel road, including the sub-grade.

1979 Railway Gaz. Internat. Jan. 52/2 Protection of the subgrade against frost.

2004 P. J. Trowbridge & N. L. Bassuk Trees in Urban Landscape vi. 177 Leaving as large an area as possible free of pavement and the resultant compacted subgrade improves soil aeration and tree viability and longevity.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	subgrade
释义	subgraden. Brit. /ˈsʌbɡreɪd/, U.S. /ˈsəbˌɡreɪd/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: sub- prefix, grade n. Etymology: < sub- prefix + grade n. 1. A subsidiary or subordinate grade; a secondary gradation; a grade within a grade. ΚΠ 1794 ‘W. Quoerest’ Let. in Gazette of U.S. 2 Sept. 9 Such reports cannot fail of alarming..the minds of those who are not possessed of the Doctor's..capacity of splitting diseases into grades, sub-grades and semi-grades. 1821 Med. Repository New Ser. 6 65 There are subgrades of the disease, the majority of which, cases, eventuate favourably on the third day. 1896 Science 6 Nov. 670/2 The most primitive animals in existence are found in the seven Phyla of the lower Protozoan sub-grade, the Gymnomyxa. 1919 Sociol. Rev. 11 90 We might perhaps recognise..an intermediate group, concerned chiefly with relations between sub-grades. 1931 J. S. Huxley What dare I Think? vi. 218 In this stage of thought there are, of course, many sub-grades. 1998 Observer (Nexis) 22 Mar. 8 Some organisations that have reduced their hierarchy have ended up dividing remaining grades into subgrades to recreate a sense of progression. 2. Civil Engineering. In the construction of roads and other flat load-bearing surfaces: the layer (typically the prepared natural ground) lying immediately beneath the foundations. Cf. substratum n. 4b. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > parts of road > [noun] > layer beneath foundations subgrade1849 sub-base1876 society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > track > permanent way > layer beneath foundations subgrade1979 1849 Vermont Watchman 26 July 4/2 It has been the intention of your Engineer..to gravel up the track (where it is laid at sub-grade), as fast as the road is opened. 1893 G. A. Perkins et al. in Rep. Mass. State Highway Comm. v. 78 The subgrade, or the ground on which the large stones rest, should be thoroughly compacted by rolling. 1930 Engineering 1 Aug. 139/3 Maintenance of a mile of gravel road, including the sub-grade. 1979 Railway Gaz. Internat. Jan. 52/2 Protection of the subgrade against frost. 2004 P. J. Trowbridge & N. L. Bassuk Trees in Urban Landscape vi. 177 Leaving as large an area as possible free of pavement and the resultant compacted subgrade improves soil aeration and tree viability and longevity. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1794
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