pneumoperitoneumn.
/ˌnjuːməʊˌpɛrᵻtəˈniːəm/, U.S. /ˈˌn(j)umoʊˌpɛrətnˈiəm/ Medicine.
1. The presence of air or gas in the peritoneal cavity (usually as a result of perforation of a hollow viscus).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [noun] > excess gas or air in tissues
emphysema?1587
pneumatosis1779
pneumoperitoneum1896
pneumatization1919
aeroembolism1939
1896 Trans. Amer. Assoc. Obstetr. & Gynecol. 8 212 Sacculated pneumo-peritoneum is frequently found in conjunction with localized appendiceal abscesses.
1916 Ann. Surg. 70 (caption facing p. 382) Note the accumulation of air—pneumoperitoneum—under both domes of the diaphragm.
1950 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 80 655/2 With this type of perforation [by compressed air] pneumoperitoneum develops, causing marked abdominal distention.
2005 Amer. Jrnl. Emergency Med. 23 399/1 These cases of ‘spontaneous pneumoperitoneum’ (SPP) generally follow a more benign course and may not require surgical intervention.
2. More fully artificial pneumoperitoneum. The deliberate introduction of air or gas into the peritoneal cavity, as a diagnostic or therapeutic procedure (now chiefly as an aid to laparoscopy); the condition created by this. Cf. pneumothorax n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatment by gas, air, or fumes > [noun]
pneumoperitoneum1920
1920 L. T. LeWald in Amer. Jrnl. Roentgenol. 7 502/1 In view of the extreme interest in the value of artificial pneumo-peritoneum for diagnostic purposes, it seems wise to settle a number of questions in regard to the procedure by means of experimental work on animals.
1931 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Sci. 182 357 Pneumoperitoneum with oxygen was given in 44 of our cases.
1955 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 89 687/1 Pneumothorax and pneumoperitoneum are certainly examples of indirect therapy which attempt to correct the effects of the tissue destruction caused by the tubercle bacillus.
1974 R. Passmore & J. S. Robson Compan. Med. Stud. III. xxviii. 3/1 A pelvic pneumoperitoneum may be induced with CO2 and the gas used as contrast medium to define the uterus and ovaries [for radiography], but this has been largely superseded by laparoscopy.
1993 Brit. Jrnl. Surg. 80 535/2 Pneumoperitoneum was created, and the abdominal cavity explored by laparoscopy.
2003 Jrnl. Amer. Coll. Surgeons 197 339/1 I wish to call to the author's attention the therapeutic advantage of pneumoperitoneum in stretching the abdominal wall chronically to enable ventral hernia repair.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1896