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单词 polyandria
释义

polyandrian.

Brit. /ˌpɒlɪˈandrɪə/, U.S. /ˌpɑliˈændriə/
Origin: Probably of multiple origins. A borrowing from Latin. Probably also partly a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: Latin Polyandria ; polyandry n.
Etymology: Originally < scientific Latin Polyandria, class and order name ( Linnaeus Systema Naturæ (1735)), denoting a class or order of plants having many stamens or male organs < poly- poly- comb. form + ancient Greek ἀνδρ- , ἀνήρ man, male, husband (see -androus comb. form), taken by Linnaeus in sense ‘male organ, stamen’ + -ia -ia suffix1. Compare polygynia n. In sense 2 probably alteration of polyandry n. (compare slightly earlier polygynia n.), in sense 2b after French polyandrie (1875 in the passage translated in quot. 1876 at sense 2b; 1787 in sense 1). Compare Hellenistic Greek πολύανδρος (see polyandrous adj.), ancient Greek πολυανδρία populousness, and also the Greek words cited at Monandria n.
1. Botany. Usually in form Polyandria. In the Linnaean artificial system: the thirteenth class of plants, comprising those whose flowers have twenty or more stamens inserted on the receptacle (cf. icosandria n.). Also: (in any of certain other Linnaean classes) an order comprising plants with more than a certain number (usually ten) of stamens. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > flower or flowering plant > [noun] > characterized by parts > characterized by stamens, pistils, or sex of flowers > classes based on
Triandria1748
heptandria1753
hexandria1753
icosandria1753
Monadelphia1753
Monandria1753
Monoecia1753
Octandria1753
Polyadelphia1753
polyandria1753
Polygamia1753
Pentandria1754
Monogynia1757
Pentagynia1757
Tetradynamia1760
Tetragynia1760
Tetrandria1760
Triœcia1760
Octagynia1765
hexagynia1777
polygynia1865
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Polyandria,..a class of plants with hermaphrodite flowers, and a large number of stamina, or male parts, in each.
1797 Encycl. Brit. X. 479/1 Malaleuca [sic], the Cayputi tree, a genus of the polyandria order, belonging to the polyadelphia class of plants.
1835 J. S. Henslow Princ. Bot. §138. 148 In Icosandria they [sc. the stamens] adhere to the calyx..whilst in Polyandria they are free from the calyx, or are hypogynous.
1861 A. Wood Class Bk. Bot. xii. 167 Class XIII. Polyandria,—twenty or more stamens, hypogynous (Ranunculus, Papaver).
1886 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. 1008/3 Polyandrous, belonging to the class Polyandria.
2.
a. = polyandry n. 1a. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > types of marriage custom or practice > [noun] > polygamy > polyandry
polyandry1680
polyandrism1801
polyandrianism1820
polyandria1866
fraternal polyandry1896
1866 N. Amer. Rev. July 35 Polyandria, however, was not really among the customs of old India.
1894 Littell's Living Age 7 Apr. 42/1 Owing to the scarcity of women folk, polyandria is even now practised in Tibet.
1925 Times 2 Nov. 13/3 Krassikov and Beloborodoff..affirmed..that the new Code would establish ‘polygamy and polyandria pure and simple’.
b. Zoology. = polyandry n. 1b. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > family unit > [noun] > female > fact of having more than one male mate
polyandry1815
polyandria1876
1876 P. J. Van Beneden Animal Parasites & Messmates 56 It is a case of polyandria [Fr. polyandrie] which we see realized in the Scalpellum.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1753
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