plectrumn.

Brit.

/ˈplɛktrəm/, U.S.

/ˈplɛktrəm/

Inflections: Plural plectra, plectrums.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin plectrum.

Etymology: < classical Latin plectrum instrument for striking the lyre, in post-classical Latin also tongue (4th cent.), device for tightening the strings of a harp (1230–50 in the passage translated in quot. a1398 at sense 1a) < ancient Greek πλῆκτρον anything to strike with, especially an instrument for striking the lyre, a spear-point, cock's spur, bone of the ankle, in Hellenistic Greek also part of the thigh-joint, tongue < πλήσσειν to strike (see plessimeter n.) + -τρον , suffix forming nouns of instrument (compare -tron suffix). Compare Anglo-Norman pleitrun and Anglo-Norman and Old French plectron (1212 in Anglo-Norman), French plectrum (1632 or earlier; now usually plectre : see plectre n.). Compare plectre n. and the Romance parallels cited at that entry. With sense 1b compare slightly earlier plectre n.

†a. A device for tightening the strings of a harp. Cf. wrest n.¹ 5. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 334^v Þe more druye þe strynges beþ y-streyned, þe more þey sownen, and the wreyste hatte plectrum [L. plectrum].

b. A thin flat piece of horn, metal, plastic, etc., held in the hand and used to pluck the strings of a guitar, lyre, etc. Also figurative and in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > [noun] > plectrum

nailOE

pointela1522

quill1552

plectre1603

plectrum1608

fescue?1624

pick1889

fingerpick1891

thumb pick1969

1608 M. Fotherby Fovre Serm. 58 Philo Iudæus compareth the body of a man vnto a Musicall instrument: the keyes, the teeth: the Plectrum that striketh them, the tongue.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §102 The Sound is not created between the Bow or Plectrum, and the String; But between the String and the Aire.

1738 T. Shaw Trav. Barbary & Levant 270 They [sc. the Moors] have..the A-Oude, a Bass double stringed Lute, bigger than our Viol, which is touched with a Plectrum.

1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music v. 69 (note) On the first rude Formation of Instruments, the Plectrum would give the more clear and effectual Stroke.

1806 T. Moore Genius of Harmony ii A liquid chord is every wave that flows, An airy plectrum every breeze that blows!

1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 50 To take up the lyre and tune the notes, and play with the fingers, or strike with the plectrum.

1932 W. Lewis Filibusters in Barbary i. viii. 36 Plucking away stolidly with his plectrum of whale-bone at the ginbri, or perhaps a small spanish guitar.

1995 Alternative Press May 36/2 He strings his guitar with a heavy-gauge and plays with metal plectrums.

2. Anatomy and Zoology. Any of various small, stiff projections of bone or other tissue; esp. (a) Entomology a ridge forming part of some insect stridulatory organs; (b) a part of the columella of the amphibian ear. Formerly also: †the uvula, or the tongue (obsolete rare).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > parts of bones > [noun] > natural outgrowth or projecting part

process1565

production1578

apophysis1611

processus1664

probole1684

spine1706

ramus1731

spinous process1732

plectrum1792

buttress1824

epicondyle1828

spiculum1873

1792 T. Jefferson Hessian Fly 1 June in Papers (1990) XXIV. 12 Two balances like the plectrum of the sticcada.

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlvi. 339 Plectrum,..a marginal bristle stronger than the rest, observable about the middle of the costa and standing out from it. Ex. Many Muscidæ.

1842 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 3) Plectrum, the styloid process of the temporal bone. Also, the uvula and the tongue.

1890 Cent. Dict. Plectrum... In ornith., a spur or claw on the wing or foot.

1943 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 131 393 The living Amphibia possess two proximal ‘middle ear’ elements—a ‘plectrum’ and an ‘operculum fenestrae ovalis’—not found separately in any amniote.

1976 Sci. Amer. Aug. 84/3 The sound of stridulation arises when twin plectrums on the inner surface of the cover of a beetle's wing fret against crosswise ridges on the fifth segment of the abdomen.

1986 A. S. Romer & T. S. Parsons Vertebr. Body (ed. 6) xv. 536 The stapes, or columella, is sometimes termed the plectrum in anurans.

2001 Nat. Hist. (Nexis) 1 June 26 By waggling an antenna, the lobster draws the plectrum across the file; the result is a surprisingly loud, rasping buzz.

Compounds

plectrum banjo n.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > guitar or lute type > [noun] > banjo > types of

banjolin1889

banjulele1925

plectrum banjo1929

1929 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 6 Nov. 2/8 For sale..plectrum banjo.

1954 Grove's Dict. Music (ed. 5) I. 401/2 The banjo played with the fingers is referred to as the ‘finger-style’ banjo, to distinguish it from the instrument (called the ‘plectrum banjo’) which is played with a plectrum.

2003 Ventura County Star (Nexis) 20 Aug. b5 He played plectrum banjo beautifully and entertained thousands of people.

plectrum guitar n.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > guitar or lute type > [noun] > guitar

guitara1637

kitarc1640

Spanish guitar1862

easy rider1912

plectrum guitar1938

rhythm guitar1939

1938 Times Recorder (Zanesville, Ohio) 17 Feb. 9/3 Is the plectrum guitar used as a solo instrument?

1961 A. Birch in A. C. Baines Musical Instruments through Ages 182 In the early days of jazz, the banjo was replaced by the ‘plectrum guitar’... The plectrum guitar has metal strings fastened not usually to the bridge..but to a tailpiece screwed to the end of the instrument.

2000 Down Beat (Nexis) 1 May 30 They made a tenor guitar and a plectrum guitar modeled after banjos, and the tenor's tuning is intervallically like a mandolin.

plectrum lute n.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > guitar or lute type > [noun] > lute > types of lute

tamboura1585

orpharion1593

theorbo1605

stumpa1623

polyphone1655

polythore1661

poliphant1664

dyphone1676

archlute1728

oud1738

chitarrone1740

pandoura1797

pipa1838

yüeh ch'in1839

tamboura1864

saz1870

laud1876

opheriona1922

tiorba1940

plectrum lute1970

1970 P. Oliver Savannah Syncopators 109 Kambreh, plectrum lute played widely in the Savannah regions.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	plectrum
释义	plectrumn. Brit. /ˈplɛktrəm/, U.S. /ˈplɛktrəm/ Inflections: Plural plectra, plectrums. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin plectrum. Etymology: < classical Latin plectrum instrument for striking the lyre, in post-classical Latin also tongue (4th cent.), device for tightening the strings of a harp (1230–50 in the passage translated in quot. a1398 at sense 1a) < ancient Greek πλῆκτρον anything to strike with, especially an instrument for striking the lyre, a spear-point, cock's spur, bone of the ankle, in Hellenistic Greek also part of the thigh-joint, tongue < πλήσσειν to strike (see plessimeter n.) + -τρον , suffix forming nouns of instrument (compare -tron suffix). Compare Anglo-Norman pleitrun and Anglo-Norman and Old French plectron (1212 in Anglo-Norman), French plectrum (1632 or earlier; now usually plectre : see plectre n.). Compare plectre n. and the Romance parallels cited at that entry. With sense 1b compare slightly earlier plectre n. 1. †a. A device for tightening the strings of a harp. Cf. wrest n.¹ 5. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 334^v Þe more druye þe strynges beþ y-streyned, þe more þey sownen, and the wreyste hatte plectrum [L. plectrum]. b. A thin flat piece of horn, metal, plastic, etc., held in the hand and used to pluck the strings of a guitar, lyre, etc. Also figurative and in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > [noun] > plectrum nailOE pointela1522 quill1552 plectre1603 plectrum1608 fescue?1624 pick1889 fingerpick1891 thumb pick1969 1608 M. Fotherby Fovre Serm. 58 Philo Iudæus compareth the body of a man vnto a Musicall instrument: the keyes, the teeth: the Plectrum that striketh them, the tongue. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §102 The Sound is not created between the Bow or Plectrum, and the String; But between the String and the Aire. 1738 T. Shaw Trav. Barbary & Levant 270 They [sc. the Moors] have..the A-Oude, a Bass double stringed Lute, bigger than our Viol, which is touched with a Plectrum. 1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music v. 69 (note) On the first rude Formation of Instruments, the Plectrum would give the more clear and effectual Stroke. 1806 T. Moore Genius of Harmony ii A liquid chord is every wave that flows, An airy plectrum every breeze that blows! 1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 50 To take up the lyre and tune the notes, and play with the fingers, or strike with the plectrum. 1932 W. Lewis Filibusters in Barbary i. viii. 36 Plucking away stolidly with his plectrum of whale-bone at the ginbri, or perhaps a small spanish guitar. 1995 Alternative Press May 36/2 He strings his guitar with a heavy-gauge and plays with metal plectrums. 2. Anatomy and Zoology. Any of various small, stiff projections of bone or other tissue; esp. (a) Entomology a ridge forming part of some insect stridulatory organs; (b) a part of the columella of the amphibian ear. Formerly also: †the uvula, or the tongue (obsolete rare). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > parts of bones > [noun] > natural outgrowth or projecting part process1565 production1578 apophysis1611 processus1664 probole1684 spine1706 ramus1731 spinous process1732 plectrum1792 buttress1824 epicondyle1828 spiculum1873 1792 T. Jefferson Hessian Fly 1 June in Papers (1990) XXIV. 12 Two balances like the plectrum of the sticcada. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlvi. 339 Plectrum,..a marginal bristle stronger than the rest, observable about the middle of the costa and standing out from it. Ex. Many Muscidæ. 1842 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 3) Plectrum, the styloid process of the temporal bone. Also, the uvula and the tongue. 1890 Cent. Dict. Plectrum... In ornith., a spur or claw on the wing or foot. 1943 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 131 393 The living Amphibia possess two proximal ‘middle ear’ elements—a ‘plectrum’ and an ‘operculum fenestrae ovalis’—not found separately in any amniote. 1976 Sci. Amer. Aug. 84/3 The sound of stridulation arises when twin plectrums on the inner surface of the cover of a beetle's wing fret against crosswise ridges on the fifth segment of the abdomen. 1986 A. S. Romer & T. S. Parsons Vertebr. Body (ed. 6) xv. 536 The stapes, or columella, is sometimes termed the plectrum in anurans. 2001 Nat. Hist. (Nexis) 1 June 26 By waggling an antenna, the lobster draws the plectrum across the file; the result is a surprisingly loud, rasping buzz. Compounds plectrum banjo n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > guitar or lute type > [noun] > banjo > types of banjolin1889 banjulele1925 plectrum banjo1929 1929 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 6 Nov. 2/8 For sale..plectrum banjo. 1954 Grove's Dict. Music (ed. 5) I. 401/2 The banjo played with the fingers is referred to as the ‘finger-style’ banjo, to distinguish it from the instrument (called the ‘plectrum banjo’) which is played with a plectrum. 2003 Ventura County Star (Nexis) 20 Aug. b5 He played plectrum banjo beautifully and entertained thousands of people. plectrum guitar n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > guitar or lute type > [noun] > guitar guitara1637 kitarc1640 Spanish guitar1862 easy rider1912 plectrum guitar1938 rhythm guitar1939 1938 Times Recorder (Zanesville, Ohio) 17 Feb. 9/3 Is the plectrum guitar used as a solo instrument? 1961 A. Birch in A. C. Baines Musical Instruments through Ages 182 In the early days of jazz, the banjo was replaced by the ‘plectrum guitar’... The plectrum guitar has metal strings fastened not usually to the bridge..but to a tailpiece screwed to the end of the instrument. 2000 Down Beat (Nexis) 1 May 30 They made a tenor guitar and a plectrum guitar modeled after banjos, and the tenor's tuning is intervallically like a mandolin. plectrum lute n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > guitar or lute type > [noun] > lute > types of lute tamboura1585 orpharion1593 theorbo1605 stumpa1623 polyphone1655 polythore1661 poliphant1664 dyphone1676 archlute1728 oud1738 chitarrone1740 pandoura1797 pipa1838 yüeh ch'in1839 tamboura1864 saz1870 laud1876 opheriona1922 tiorba1940 plectrum lute1970 1970 P. Oliver Savannah Syncopators 109 Kambreh, plectrum lute played widely in the Savannah regions. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1398
随便看	coconut shell coconut shy coconut tree coconut water coconut whey coconuts cocoon cocooned cocooneries cocoonery cocooning cocoonings cocoons cocopan cocopans cocoplum cocoplums cocorite cocorite palm cocoroot cocos cocostearic cocostearic acid cocostearyl cocoswood