planishingn.

Brit.

/ˈplanᵻʃɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈplænɪʃɪŋ/

Forms: Middle English planysshing, Middle English planyssyng, 1500s plannysshing, 1600s– planishing.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: planish v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < planish v. + -ing suffix¹.

The action of making something flat or smooth, esp. the action of beating metal flat with a hammer.Recorded earliest in compounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [noun] > forging or shaping > types or methods of

planishing1361

malleationc1429

flatting1611

gold beating1621

shingling1674

skelping1803

upsetting1815

swaging1832

drop-forginga1884

dinging1923

upending1932

1361 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Wills Court of Husting (1890) II. 42 (MED) [He leaves one large] planyssyng-aneveld [and eight] planyssyng-hamers.

1458 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 214 (MED) Lego..Johanni Pudsay, goldsmyth, j planysshing stithy et j planysshing hamer.

1526 R. Amadas Acct. Plate made for Cardinal Wolsey in J. Gutch Collectanea Curiosa (1781) II. xxviii. 318 Item the dressing uppe of twoo odar garnysshe of silvar Vessell deliveryd to Maistar Alverde the iij daye of Mey for boiling, plannysshing and burnysshing.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 259/2 Planishing, to make it [sc. the metal] smooth [in goldsmith's work].

1730 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum Planishing, making plain or even, as Pewterers, Silversmiths, &c. do.

1799 F. T. Burton Artist's Arcanum 154 Take a piece of free-stone and water, and with this rub the hammer marks out of the plates left by planishing.

1833 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal II. 195 The plate..having been prepared by rolling and planishing..is brought to the piercing-shop.

1874 Subject-matter Index Patents 1790–1873 (U.S. Patent Office) II. 1012/1 Invention. Paper-planishing machine.

a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 688/2 The old mode of forming the 60 gallon copper, sugar, or soap-kettle was planishing, the parts being subsequently united by brazing.

1964 H. Hodges Artifacts iv. 72 The rough casting would, of course, carry a number of flashes..but in high quality work these would all be removed in the final planishing.

1994 Sci. Amer. Apr. 63/2 The other face is flat for planishing—removing the shallow dimples left by the stretching blows.

Compounds

C1.

planishing anvil n.

ΚΠ

1361Planyssyng-aneveld [see main sense].

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. vii. 304/1 He beareth Gules, a Planishing Anvile, Argent.

1863 Times 3 Jan. 12/4 Eight fly and stamping presses, three tons steel faced dies and punches, 36 turning lathes, planishing anvils and hammers, [etc.].

1977 Lincoln (Nebraska) Star 20 Feb. Now..The Franklin Mint takes pride in announcing The Craftsmen of America Spoon Collection... The Silversmith at his planishing anvil. The Cabinetmaker at his bench [etc.].

C2.

planishing hammer n. a hammer with polished convex faces, used for planishing metal.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > driving or beating tools > [noun] > hammer > hammer for use on metal

planishing hammer1361

shodering-hammer1763

skelper1831

set-hammer1855

planisher1858

1361 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Wills Court of Husting (1890) II. 42 (MED) [He leaves one large] planyssyng-aneveld [and eight] planyssyng-hamers.

1458 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 214 Lego..Johanni Pudsay, goldsmyth, j planysshyng stithy et j planysshing hamer.

1758 R. Dossie Handmaid to Arts II. ii. ii. 50 The end may be better answered, by first wearing out the marks of the planishing hammer, by rubbing with emery finely ground.

1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art I. 16 Clockmakers, tin-plate workers, and braziers, polish the face of their planishing hammers, by rubbing them upon a soft board, covered with a mixture of oil and finely washed emery.

1992 Dallas Morning News (Nexis) 22 Nov. 54 a Smooth-surfaced planishing hammers are used to smooth out the heavier blemishes and give copper its glimmering appearance.

† planishing roller n. Obsolete (a) Coining either of a pair of rollers used to reduce metal for making coins to the proper thickness; (b) a roller used to polish paper.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > rolling equipment > roller or set of

roll1410

breaking-down rollers1839

planishing roller1839

plate roll1861

stand1873

bending rolls1874

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 860 The plates are passed cold between these [rollers], to bring them to exactly the same thickness; whence they are called adjusting or planishing rollers.

1863 Sci. Amer. 27 June 173/2 Machine for planishing paper... I claim the use of the smooth planishing roller, E, in combination with the pressure roller, D.

† planishing stake n. [ < planishing n. + stake n.¹ 5a.] Obsolete a small planishing anvil.

ΚΠ

1850 Message President U.S. to Congr. Doc. No. 1. 273/3 3 tinners' planishing stakes.

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Planishing stake,..a bench stake or small anvil for holding the [copper] plate when under the action of a planishing-hammer.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	planishing
释义	planishingn. Brit. /ˈplanᵻʃɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈplænɪʃɪŋ/ Forms: Middle English planysshing, Middle English planyssyng, 1500s plannysshing, 1600s– planishing. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: planish v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < planish v. + -ing suffix¹. The action of making something flat or smooth, esp. the action of beating metal flat with a hammer.Recorded earliest in compounds. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [noun] > forging or shaping > types or methods of planishing1361 malleationc1429 flatting1611 gold beating1621 shingling1674 skelping1803 upsetting1815 swaging1832 drop-forginga1884 dinging1923 upending1932 1361 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Wills Court of Husting (1890) II. 42 (MED) [He leaves one large] planyssyng-aneveld [and eight] planyssyng-hamers. 1458 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 214 (MED) Lego..Johanni Pudsay, goldsmyth, j planysshing stithy et j planysshing hamer. 1526 R. Amadas Acct. Plate made for Cardinal Wolsey in J. Gutch Collectanea Curiosa (1781) II. xxviii. 318 Item the dressing uppe of twoo odar garnysshe of silvar Vessell deliveryd to Maistar Alverde the iij daye of Mey for boiling, plannysshing and burnysshing. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 259/2 Planishing, to make it [sc. the metal] smooth [in goldsmith's work]. 1730 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum Planishing, making plain or even, as Pewterers, Silversmiths, &c. do. 1799 F. T. Burton Artist's Arcanum 154 Take a piece of free-stone and water, and with this rub the hammer marks out of the plates left by planishing. 1833 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal II. 195 The plate..having been prepared by rolling and planishing..is brought to the piercing-shop. 1874 Subject-matter Index Patents 1790–1873 (U.S. Patent Office) II. 1012/1 Invention. Paper-planishing machine. a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 688/2 The old mode of forming the 60 gallon copper, sugar, or soap-kettle was planishing, the parts being subsequently united by brazing. 1964 H. Hodges Artifacts iv. 72 The rough casting would, of course, carry a number of flashes..but in high quality work these would all be removed in the final planishing. 1994 Sci. Amer. Apr. 63/2 The other face is flat for planishing—removing the shallow dimples left by the stretching blows. Compounds C1. planishing anvil n. ΚΠ 1361Planyssyng-aneveld [see main sense]. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. vii. 304/1 He beareth Gules, a Planishing Anvile, Argent. 1863 Times 3 Jan. 12/4 Eight fly and stamping presses, three tons steel faced dies and punches, 36 turning lathes, planishing anvils and hammers, [etc.]. 1977 Lincoln (Nebraska) Star 20 Feb. Now..The Franklin Mint takes pride in announcing The Craftsmen of America Spoon Collection... The Silversmith at his planishing anvil. The Cabinetmaker at his bench [etc.]. C2. planishing hammer n. a hammer with polished convex faces, used for planishing metal. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > driving or beating tools > [noun] > hammer > hammer for use on metal planishing hammer1361 shodering-hammer1763 skelper1831 set-hammer1855 planisher1858 1361 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Wills Court of Husting (1890) II. 42 (MED) [He leaves one large] planyssyng-aneveld [and eight] planyssyng-hamers. 1458 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 214 Lego..Johanni Pudsay, goldsmyth, j planysshyng stithy et j planysshing hamer. 1758 R. Dossie Handmaid to Arts II. ii. ii. 50 The end may be better answered, by first wearing out the marks of the planishing hammer, by rubbing with emery finely ground. 1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art I. 16 Clockmakers, tin-plate workers, and braziers, polish the face of their planishing hammers, by rubbing them upon a soft board, covered with a mixture of oil and finely washed emery. 1992 Dallas Morning News (Nexis) 22 Nov. 54 a Smooth-surfaced planishing hammers are used to smooth out the heavier blemishes and give copper its glimmering appearance. † planishing roller n. Obsolete (a) Coining either of a pair of rollers used to reduce metal for making coins to the proper thickness; (b) a roller used to polish paper. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > rolling equipment > roller or set of roll1410 breaking-down rollers1839 planishing roller1839 plate roll1861 stand1873 bending rolls1874 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 860 The plates are passed cold between these [rollers], to bring them to exactly the same thickness; whence they are called adjusting or planishing rollers. 1863 Sci. Amer. 27 June 173/2 Machine for planishing paper... I claim the use of the smooth planishing roller, E, in combination with the pressure roller, D. † planishing stake n. [ < planishing n. + stake n.¹ 5a.] Obsolete a small planishing anvil. ΚΠ 1850 Message President U.S. to Congr. Doc. No. 1. 273/3 3 tinners' planishing stakes. 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Planishing stake,..a bench stake or small anvil for holding the [copper] plate when under the action of a planishing-hammer. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1361
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