bear-leadern.

Brit.

/ˈbɛːˌliːdə/, U.S.

/ˈbɛrˌlidər/

Forms: see bear n.¹ and leader n.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: bear n.¹, leader n.¹

Etymology: < bear n.¹ + leader n.¹ Compare earlier bearward n.Compare Middle Low German bārenlēder , German Bärenleiter (early 16th cent.), both in sense 1.

1. A person who keeps or handles bears, training and managing them for displays of public entertainment, such as baiting and dancing. Cf. bearward n. 1. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or breeding other animals > [noun] > keeper or tamer of wild beasts

bearward1179

leopard-man1390

masterc1425

bear-leader1503

bearherd1590

bear warden1740

lion-tamer1798

lion-keepera1843

1503 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 387 To the bere ledair of Ingland, viij crounes.

1806 Polyanthos Sept. 113 I declare I saw with surprise a man, who led about a bear to dance for the edification of the publick, lose all his popularity in the street, where this young gentleman has his lodging; the people ran to see him at the window, and left the bear and the bear-leader in solitude.

1869 H. Steinmetz Hist. Mod. Europe 21 This emperor [sc. Justinian] was of low origin, and had married Theodora, the daughter of a bear-leader.

1959 Jrnl. Gypsy Lore Soc. July–Oct. 114 Docile bears are just led by a strong iron chain, and wilder ones by two iron chains, one of which is fastened round their necks and the other passed through their nose-ring. The Bear-leader holds this by a stout club which he grasps in his hand.

2007 Iranian Stud. 40 491 The bear leaders pulled a bear by a chain passed through its nose.

2. A tutor and chaperone to a wealthy young man travelling abroad, esp. in Europe. Cf. bear n.¹ 3b. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > teaching > teacher > [noun] > professional teacher > tutor > travelling tutor

bear-leader1743

1743 London Mag. Aug. 418/1 Little Master is sent abroad under a Swiss Bear leader, (for so these Gentlemen are properly termed abroad).

1749 H. Walpole Let. 4 June in Lett. to H. Mann (1833) II. 307 She takes me for his bear-leader, his travelling governor.

1846 W. M. Thackeray Snobs of Eng. in Punch 18 Apr. 166/1 They pounced upon the stray nobility, and seized young lords travelling with their bear leaders.

1941 N. Marsh Death & Dancing Footman (1995) i. 21 His mother decided he was old enough for the Grand Tour and sent him off with a bear-leader like some young regency lordling.

2010 Jrnl. Soc. Hist. 43 623 Under the supervision of their bear-leader, these Calvinist youth developed a keen interest in Catholic churches.

†3. A captor, a guard. Obsolete. rare.A humorous extension of earlier senses.

ΚΠ

1794 W. Godwin Caleb Williams III. vi. 114 My bear-leaders were considerably surprised with my firmness.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2020; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	bear-leader
释义	bear-leadern. Brit. /ˈbɛːˌliːdə/, U.S. /ˈbɛrˌlidər/ Forms: see bear n.¹ and leader n.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: bear n.¹, leader n.¹ Etymology: < bear n.¹ + leader n.¹ Compare earlier bearward n.Compare Middle Low German bārenlēder , German Bärenleiter (early 16th cent.), both in sense 1. 1. A person who keeps or handles bears, training and managing them for displays of public entertainment, such as baiting and dancing. Cf. bearward n. 1. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or breeding other animals > [noun] > keeper or tamer of wild beasts bearward1179 leopard-man1390 masterc1425 bear-leader1503 bearherd1590 bear warden1740 lion-tamer1798 lion-keepera1843 1503 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 387 To the bere ledair of Ingland, viij crounes. 1806 Polyanthos Sept. 113 I declare I saw with surprise a man, who led about a bear to dance for the edification of the publick, lose all his popularity in the street, where this young gentleman has his lodging; the people ran to see him at the window, and left the bear and the bear-leader in solitude. 1869 H. Steinmetz Hist. Mod. Europe 21 This emperor [sc. Justinian] was of low origin, and had married Theodora, the daughter of a bear-leader. 1959 Jrnl. Gypsy Lore Soc. July–Oct. 114 Docile bears are just led by a strong iron chain, and wilder ones by two iron chains, one of which is fastened round their necks and the other passed through their nose-ring. The Bear-leader holds this by a stout club which he grasps in his hand. 2007 Iranian Stud. 40 491 The bear leaders pulled a bear by a chain passed through its nose. 2. A tutor and chaperone to a wealthy young man travelling abroad, esp. in Europe. Cf. bear n.¹ 3b. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > education > teaching > teacher > [noun] > professional teacher > tutor > travelling tutor bear-leader1743 1743 London Mag. Aug. 418/1 Little Master is sent abroad under a Swiss Bear leader, (for so these Gentlemen are properly termed abroad). 1749 H. Walpole Let. 4 June in Lett. to H. Mann (1833) II. 307 She takes me for his bear-leader, his travelling governor. 1846 W. M. Thackeray Snobs of Eng. in Punch 18 Apr. 166/1 They pounced upon the stray nobility, and seized young lords travelling with their bear leaders. 1941 N. Marsh Death & Dancing Footman (1995) i. 21 His mother decided he was old enough for the Grand Tour and sent him off with a bear-leader like some young regency lordling. 2010 Jrnl. Soc. Hist. 43 623 Under the supervision of their bear-leader, these Calvinist youth developed a keen interest in Catholic churches. †3. A captor, a guard. Obsolete. rare.A humorous extension of earlier senses. ΚΠ 1794 W. Godwin Caleb Williams III. vi. 114 My bear-leaders were considerably surprised with my firmness. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2020; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1503
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