pivot wordn.

Brit.

/ˈpɪvət ˌwəːd/, U.S.

/ˈpɪvət ˌwərd/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: pivot n., word n.

Etymology: < pivot n. + word n. In sense 2, after Japanese kakekotoba < kake-, combining stem of kakeru to suspend (compare intransitive kakaru to hang, to hinge; < †kaku to hang) + kotoba word.

1. A word crucial to the meaning or structure of a sentence, paragraph, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > linguistic unit > word > [noun] > other specific types of word

hard word1533

household word1574

magic word1581

grandam words1598

signal word1645

book worda1670

wordie1718

my whole1777

foundling1827–38

keyword1827

Mesopotamia1827

thought-word1844

word-symbol1852

nursery word1853

pivot word1865

rattler1865

object word1876

pillow word1877

nonce-word1884

non-word1893

fossil1901

blessed word1910

bogy-word1919

catch-all1922

pseudo-word1929

false friend1931

plus word1939

descriptor1946

meta-word1952

discourse marker1967

shrub2008

1865 Times 15 Dec. 12/5 (title) Pivot words of scripture; or teachings from short scripture words. By the Rev. P. B. Power.

1933 B. E. C. Davis Edmund Spenser vi. 147 Two striking instances are sonnet lxxxi, a cycle of images revolving round the pivot word ‘fair’, and lines 63-103 of An Hymne of Heavenly Beautie, where the argument is enforced by the regular interplay of ‘fair’ with ‘far’.

1964 Valley News (Van Nuys, Calif.) 22 Oct. 71/3 This grammar directs the primary syntactic searches upon those pivot words (fulcra) within the sentence around which other words are centred.

1999 R. Koertge Day at Races in H. Fox Living Underground 209 ‘He looks good on paper if he isn't a bundle of nerves in the ring.’ ‘And if he isn't bandaged or sweating like a pig.’ ‘He can go to the front if he wants to.’... If: a gambler's pivot word.

2. The word on which a pivot-pun turns (see pivot n. 3b).Chamberlain (despite the attribution in quot. 1899) seems not to have used pivot-word (cf. quots. 1877¹, 1877², 1880 at pivot n. 3b).

ΚΠ

1899 W. G. Aston Hist. Japanese Lit. ii. ii. 32 Another trick of the Japanese poet is what Mr Chamberlain [in his Classical Poetry of the Japanese] has aptly termed ‘pivot-words’. In these a word or part of a word is used in two senses, one with what precedes, the other with what follows. Thackeray has something of the kind in..‘devotea- pot’.

1900 H. A. Giles Gloss. Ref. Pivot-word, a word or part of a word used by Japanese poets in two senses, i. e. in one sense with what precedes and in another sense with what follows.

1947 Harvard Jrnl. Asiatic Stud. 10 346 Kaki aezu here is not a pivot-word but a simple pun, depending on two of the many meanings of kaki (kaku).

1993 Monumenta Nipponica 48 118 A famous poem attributed to Komachi takes the theme of love's powers of distraction and abandon, puns it by means of a pivot-word into images of water plants at the mercy of the host element, all the while matching theme with choppy syntax.

3. Linguistics. Any of a set of words used at an early stage of a child's acquisition of language as central items to which other words are attached. Cf. pivotal adj. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > [noun] > language acquisition > terms relating to

polysyllabism1859

pivot1963

pivot word1963

pivot class1964

pivot grammar1970

1963 M. D. S. Braine in Language 39 4 These words will be called ‘pivot’ words, since the bulk of the word combinations appear to be formed by using them as pivots to which other words are attached as required.

1975 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 20 ii. 220 Much has been made in studies of children's syntax in English of a stage at which there are only two parts of speech, a Pivot, or function word like ‘want’, and an Open, or content word like ‘milk’.

1997 W. O'Grady Syntactic Developm. i. iii. 36 The set of pivot words varies somewhat from child to child.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pivot word
释义	pivot wordn. Brit. /ˈpɪvət ˌwəːd/, U.S. /ˈpɪvət ˌwərd/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: pivot n., word n. Etymology: < pivot n. + word n. In sense 2, after Japanese kakekotoba < kake-, combining stem of kakeru to suspend (compare intransitive kakaru to hang, to hinge; < †kaku to hang) + kotoba word. 1. A word crucial to the meaning or structure of a sentence, paragraph, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > linguistic unit > word > [noun] > other specific types of word hard word1533 household word1574 magic word1581 grandam words1598 signal word1645 book worda1670 wordie1718 my whole1777 foundling1827–38 keyword1827 Mesopotamia1827 thought-word1844 word-symbol1852 nursery word1853 pivot word1865 rattler1865 object word1876 pillow word1877 nonce-word1884 non-word1893 fossil1901 blessed word1910 bogy-word1919 catch-all1922 pseudo-word1929 false friend1931 plus word1939 descriptor1946 meta-word1952 discourse marker1967 shrub2008 1865 Times 15 Dec. 12/5 (title) Pivot words of scripture; or teachings from short scripture words. By the Rev. P. B. Power. 1933 B. E. C. Davis Edmund Spenser vi. 147 Two striking instances are sonnet lxxxi, a cycle of images revolving round the pivot word ‘fair’, and lines 63-103 of An Hymne of Heavenly Beautie, where the argument is enforced by the regular interplay of ‘fair’ with ‘far’. 1964 Valley News (Van Nuys, Calif.) 22 Oct. 71/3 This grammar directs the primary syntactic searches upon those pivot words (fulcra) within the sentence around which other words are centred. 1999 R. Koertge Day at Races in H. Fox Living Underground 209 ‘He looks good on paper if he isn't a bundle of nerves in the ring.’ ‘And if he isn't bandaged or sweating like a pig.’ ‘He can go to the front if he wants to.’... If: a gambler's pivot word. 2. The word on which a pivot-pun turns (see pivot n. 3b).Chamberlain (despite the attribution in quot. 1899) seems not to have used pivot-word (cf. quots. 1877¹, 1877², 1880 at pivot n. 3b). ΚΠ 1899 W. G. Aston Hist. Japanese Lit. ii. ii. 32 Another trick of the Japanese poet is what Mr Chamberlain [in his Classical Poetry of the Japanese] has aptly termed ‘pivot-words’. In these a word or part of a word is used in two senses, one with what precedes, the other with what follows. Thackeray has something of the kind in..‘devotea- pot’. 1900 H. A. Giles Gloss. Ref. Pivot-word, a word or part of a word used by Japanese poets in two senses, i. e. in one sense with what precedes and in another sense with what follows. 1947 Harvard Jrnl. Asiatic Stud. 10 346 Kaki aezu here is not a pivot-word but a simple pun, depending on two of the many meanings of kaki (kaku). 1993 Monumenta Nipponica 48 118 A famous poem attributed to Komachi takes the theme of love's powers of distraction and abandon, puns it by means of a pivot-word into images of water plants at the mercy of the host element, all the while matching theme with choppy syntax. 3. Linguistics. Any of a set of words used at an early stage of a child's acquisition of language as central items to which other words are attached. Cf. pivotal adj. 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > [noun] > language acquisition > terms relating to polysyllabism1859 pivot1963 pivot word1963 pivot class1964 pivot grammar1970 1963 M. D. S. Braine in Language 39 4 These words will be called ‘pivot’ words, since the bulk of the word combinations appear to be formed by using them as pivots to which other words are attached as required. 1975 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 20 ii. 220 Much has been made in studies of children's syntax in English of a stage at which there are only two parts of speech, a Pivot, or function word like ‘want’, and an Open, or content word like ‘milk’. 1997 W. O'Grady Syntactic Developm. i. iii. 36 The set of pivot words varies somewhat from child to child. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1865
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