pilocarpinen.

Brit.

/ˌpʌɪləʊˈkɑːpiːn/, U.S.

/ˌpaɪloʊˈkɑrpin/

Forms: 1800s pilocarpin, 1800s– pilocarpine.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin Pilocarpus , -ine suffix⁵.

Etymology: < scientific Latin Pilocarpus, genus name (M. Vahl Eclogae americanae (1794) I. 29; < ancient Greek πῖλος wool, felt (see pileus n.) + καρπός fruit: see carpo- comb. form²) + -ine suffix⁵. Compare French pilocarpine (E. Hardy 1875, in L'Union pharmaceutique 16 303). Compare pilocarpene n. N.E.D. (1906) gives the pronunciation as (pəilokā·ɹpəin) /paɪləʊˈkɑːpaɪn/.

Chemistry and Pharmacology.

A volatile cholinergic alkaloid, C₁₁H₁₆N₂O₂, obtained from the leaves of jaborandi and used to contract the pupils of the eye.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > alkaloids

belladonna1788

bebeerine1851

sparteine1851

physostigmine1864

bebeeria1874

pilocarpine1875

hydrastine1876

atropine1877

eserine1879

homatropine1880

ergocryptine1944

1875 E. M. Holmes in Pharm. Jrnl. & Trans. 5 782/1 The name Jaborandine having been thus appropriated, it will be necessary, should any crystalline principle be obtained from Pernambuco Jaborandi, to choose some other name for it, such as Pilocarpine.

1875 A. W. Gerrard in Pharm. Jrnl. & Trans. 5 865/2 It may therefore be concluded that the resultant principle I obtained was an alkaloid which, at Mr. Holmes's suggestion, I will call pilocarpine.

1891 H. C. Angell Treat. Dis. Eye vii. 147 If the ulcer is towards the margin of the cornea, eserine or pilocarpine may be substituted [for atropine], in order to contract the pupil as much as possible.

1925 Jrnl. Physiol. 60 Suppl. p. ix The absence of effect of pilocarpine and atropine on muscle tonus indicates that the parasympathetics do not control the tonus of voluntary muscle.

1967 Jrnl. Pediatrics 70 347/1 Sweat was induced 2 to 4 times daily by iontophoresis of 0.2 per cent pilocarpine nitrate.

1975 Sci. Amer. Nov. 117/1 On the other visit her pupils had been artificially constricted with another drug, pilocarpine hydrochloride.

1994 New Scientist 12 Nov. 46/1 Rainforests around the world have already given the developed world many important medicines from curare, pilocarpine, quinine, steroids to anticancer drugs.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pilocarpine
释义	pilocarpinen. Brit. /ˌpʌɪləʊˈkɑːpiːn/, U.S. /ˌpaɪloʊˈkɑrpin/ Forms: 1800s pilocarpin, 1800s– pilocarpine. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin Pilocarpus , -ine suffix⁵. Etymology: < scientific Latin Pilocarpus, genus name (M. Vahl Eclogae americanae (1794) I. 29; < ancient Greek πῖλος wool, felt (see pileus n.) + καρπός fruit: see carpo- comb. form²) + -ine suffix⁵. Compare French pilocarpine (E. Hardy 1875, in L'Union pharmaceutique 16 303). Compare pilocarpene n. N.E.D. (1906) gives the pronunciation as (pəilokā·ɹpəin) /paɪləʊˈkɑːpaɪn/. Chemistry and Pharmacology. A volatile cholinergic alkaloid, C₁₁H₁₆N₂O₂, obtained from the leaves of jaborandi and used to contract the pupils of the eye. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > alkaloids belladonna1788 bebeerine1851 sparteine1851 physostigmine1864 bebeeria1874 pilocarpine1875 hydrastine1876 atropine1877 eserine1879 homatropine1880 ergocryptine1944 1875 E. M. Holmes in Pharm. Jrnl. & Trans. 5 782/1 The name Jaborandine having been thus appropriated, it will be necessary, should any crystalline principle be obtained from Pernambuco Jaborandi, to choose some other name for it, such as Pilocarpine. 1875 A. W. Gerrard in Pharm. Jrnl. & Trans. 5 865/2 It may therefore be concluded that the resultant principle I obtained was an alkaloid which, at Mr. Holmes's suggestion, I will call pilocarpine. 1891 H. C. Angell Treat. Dis. Eye vii. 147 If the ulcer is towards the margin of the cornea, eserine or pilocarpine may be substituted [for atropine], in order to contract the pupil as much as possible. 1925 Jrnl. Physiol. 60 Suppl. p. ix The absence of effect of pilocarpine and atropine on muscle tonus indicates that the parasympathetics do not control the tonus of voluntary muscle. 1967 Jrnl. Pediatrics 70 347/1 Sweat was induced 2 to 4 times daily by iontophoresis of 0.2 per cent pilocarpine nitrate. 1975 Sci. Amer. Nov. 117/1 On the other visit her pupils had been artificially constricted with another drug, pilocarpine hydrochloride. 1994 New Scientist 12 Nov. 46/1 Rainforests around the world have already given the developed world many important medicines from curare, pilocarpine, quinine, steroids to anticancer drugs. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1875
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