pilfern.

Brit.

/ˈpɪlfə/, U.S.

/ˈpɪlfər/

Forms: Middle English pelfyr, Middle English–1500s pelfre, Middle English–1500s pilfre, Middle English–1500s pylfre, 1600s– pilfer. N.E.D. also records forms Middle English pelfere, Middle English pilfere.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Perhaps also partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: French pelfre ; pilfer v.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman pelfre (see pelf n.). Compare earlier pilferer n. and discussion at that entry. In later use, especially in sense 2, perhaps independently < pilfer v.Some Middle English forms could alternatively be interpreted as showing pelfry n.

Now rare.

1. That which is pilfered; plunder, spoils, booty. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > stolen goods > [noun] > spoil or plunder

reifOE

fang1016

fengc1175

purchasec1325

predec1330

robberyc1330

robbingsc1330

spoila1340

spoila1382

chevisance1393

waitha1400

fee14..

pilferc1400

pelfa1425

spreathc1425

butinc1450

emprisec1450

gain1473

despoil1474

pelfry?a1475

pilfery1489

spulyie1507

cheat1566

bootinga1572

booty1574

escheat1587

boot1598

exuvial1632

bootyn1635

polling1675

expilation1715

prog1727

swag1794

filch1798

spreaghery1814

stake1819

c1400 Brut (Rawl. B. 171) 286 (MED) Þe English knafes tok þe pilfre of þe Scottes þat were quellede.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 391 Pelfyr [?a1475 Winch. pelfrey], spolium.

c1475 (a1400) Brut (Douce) 13 (MED) Lotryn wente to here shippes & toke þer gold & siluer and as myche as he fand vn-to hym-self; & all þat other pylfre he ȝaf vn-to other folk of þe ost.

a1500 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (Hunterian) (1980) ii. 130 (MED) Oftyn [margin Opyn] þefte is whan þe þef is takyn with hys pelfre or conuyct be trewe witnessis of þefte.

1539 in State Papers Henry VIII (1834) III. 155 The..Scottys fled, and left mych corne, butters, and other pylfre.

1607 R. C. tr. H. Estienne World of Wonders xv. 85 Peaceably to enioy their pilfer and pray.

1791 W. Gilpin Remarks Forest Scenery II. 40 Too many..depend on the precarious supply of forest pilfer.

1993 B. Hanawalt in S. Stuard Women in Medieval Society 134 In the early fourteenth century..the average value of pilfer from a single theft was three pounds six shillings.

2. The action of pilfering. Now chiefly in pilfer-proof adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > petty theft or pilfering > [noun]

micherya1393

mitchinga1393

picking1402

purloining1417

pilferc1425

pickery1460

pilfering1548

filching1567

lurching1570

pilfery1573

petty larceny1578

filching-tradea1592

prigging1591

filchery1607

nimming1607

sneaking-budge1699

pilferage1732

cabbaging1774

weeding1819

pilferment1823

crib1855

filch1877

souveniring1919

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. 5363 (MED) Swiche pelfre, spoillynge, nor robberie Apartene not to worþi chiualrye.

1818 J. Morier Second Journey through Persia iii. 42 It is surprising how a man so easily exposes his goods to the pilfer of rogues.

1872 Rept. Comm. Sutro Tunnel 73 The ring..has lately entered into another scheme of pilfer.

1976 D. Meltzer Six 85 All this goes on. The pilfer continues.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

pilferv.

Brit.

/ˈpɪlfə/, U.S.

/ˈpɪlfər/

Forms: 1500s pelfer, 1500s pylfer, 1500s pylfre, 1500s– pilfer.

Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: French pelfrer ; pilfer n.

Etymology: Either < Anglo-Norman pelfrer, pelfrir (see pelf v.), or < pilfer n.

a. transitive. To steal (property), esp. in small quantities; to filch. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > steal [verb (transitive)]

pick?c1300

takec1300

fetch1377

bribec1405

usurpc1412

rapc1415

to rap and rendc1415

embezzle1495

lifta1529

pilfer1532

suffurate1542

convey?1545

mill1567

prig1567

strike1567

lag1573

shave1585

knave1601

twitch1607

cly1610

asport1621

pinch1632

snapa1639

nap1665

panyar1681

to carry off1684

to pick up1687

thievea1695

to gipsy away1696

bone1699

make1699

win1699

magg1762

snatch1766

to make off with1768

snavel1795

feck1809

shake1811

nail1819

geach1821

pull1821

to run off1821

smug1825

nick1826

abduct1831

swag1846

nobble1855

reef1859

snig1862

find1865

to pull off1865

cop1879

jump1879

slock1888

swipe1889

snag1895

rip1904

snitch1904

pole1906

glom1907

boost1912

hot-stuff1914

score1914

clifty1918

to knock off1919

snoop1924

heist1930

hoist1931

rabbit1943

to rip off1967

to have off1974

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > petty theft or pilfering > pilfer [verb (transitive)]

mitcha1393

pelfa1400

purloinc1475

prowl?1529

finger1530

pilfer1532

lurchc1565

filch1567

filch1574

proloyne1581

nim1606

hook1615

truff1718

snaffle1725

crib1735

pettifog1759

magg1762

niffle1785

cabbage1793

weed1811

nibble1819

cab1825

smouch1826

snuga1859

mooch1862

attract1891

souvenir1897

rat1906

snipe1909

promote1918

salvage1918

smooch1941

1532 T. More Confut. Tyndales Answere Pref. sig. Bbiii^v There had ben certayne lynen clothes pylfred away that were hangyng on an hedge.

?1577 J. Northbrooke Spiritus est Vicarius Christi: Treat. Dicing 104 If during the time of their play, any thing be pilfered or stollen out of his house, hee shall haue no lawe at all for it.

1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 170 The Commanders..wisht him, to set vpon them by Night; But hee answered, He would not pilfer the Victory.

1633 G. Herbert Temple: Sacred Poems 88 Pilfring what I once did give.

1704 True Acct. Found. Work-house City of London 3 Such who are commonly known by the Name of the Black-guard, who too commonly lived upon Pilfering Sugars.

1785 W. Cowper Task i. 131 And not a year but pilfers as he goes Some youthful grace that age would gladly keep.

1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 89 Old palings..mended with stakes pilfered from the neighbouring hedges.

1895 S. Crane Red Badge of Courage ii. 25 A rather fat soldier attempted to pilfer a horse from a dooryard.

1966 P. Moloney Plea for Mersey 14 The Captain..had snitched to the police that his cargo was being pilfered.

1993 New Republic 16 Aug. 42/1 Why would he stoop to pilfer $21,000..when he could have walked away with a legal million?

b. transitive. Baseball. To steal (a base).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > baseball > play baseball [verb (transitive)] > steal (a base)

steal1836

pilfer1887

1887 N.Y. Times 19 Aug. 3/4 Brown threw splendidly to bases, and checked the Phillies' disposition to pilfer bases.

1931 Lit. Digest 18 Apr. 40 The crab bingled to center..and then pilfered the next cushion.

1985 Toronto Star (Nexis) 4 Oct. f1 Bell pilfered base No. 21, later motoring into third on a two-out, wild-pitch to Iorg.

2004 Plain Dealer (Cleveland, Ohio) (Nexis) 25 Aug. d11 With Alex Rodriguez at the plate, Jeter surprised everyone by pilfering third on a 1-1 pitch.

2. intransitive. To plunder, to rob. In later use also: to commit petty theft.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > spoliation or depredation > commit depredation [verb (intransitive)]

reaveOE

preyc1325

pillc1390

spoilc1400

spreathc1425

rive1489

poinda1500

to rug and reavea1500

to pill and poll1528

pilfer1548

fleece1575

plunder1642

spulyie1835

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > petty theft or pilfering > pilfer [verb (intransitive)]

pelfa1400

picka1555

befilch1566

filch1567

pilch1573

lurch1593

purloin1611

nim1622

shirk1709

pilfer1729

maraud1770

souvenir1897

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. cciiii^v And when the Turkes saw the Cristen men styll pylfer (as the vsage of souldiers is) they issued out of their holde.

a1618 W. Raleigh Remains (1664) 90 As many of your Lordships as have pilfered from the Crown.

1663 J. Mayne tr. Lucian Part of Lucian sig. F1^v His mother sayes he stayes not in heaven by night, but that he may be nimming, goes down to hell, and pilfers there to.

1729 N. Tindal tr. P. Rapin de Thoyras Hist. Eng. IX. xvii. 53 An Englishman being taken pilfering, raised a Quarrel between two Guards.

1755 Man No. 11. 2 Yet for this nonsensical end they will gripe, pinch, pilfer, cheat, [etc.].

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) at Hulk He goes hulking about from place to place, seemingly watching for opportunities to pilfer.

1879 H. Spencer Data of Ethics xv. §102. 264 A servant who..pilfers, may have to suffer pain from being discharged.

1960 Guardian 9 Nov. 6/5 The standards she set were too high for the child, who became disturbed and began to pilfer.

1992 Matrix Fall 29/1 You should just be allowed to pillage and pilfer.

3. transitive. To steal from (a person or place).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > spoliation or depredation > despoil or prey upon [verb (transitive)]

reaveOE

stripa1225

pill?c1225

robc1225

peela1250

despoil1297

raimc1300

spoilc1330

spoila1340

to pull a finch (also pigeon, plover, etc.)c1387

despoil1393

preya1400

spoila1400

spulyiea1400

unspoila1400

riflec1400

poll1490

to pill and poll1528

to poll and pill1528

exspoila1530

pilyie1539

devour?1542

plume1571

rive1572

bepill1574

fleece1575

to prey over1576

pread1577

disvaledge1598

despoliate1607

to make spoil of1613

expilate1624

to peel and poll1641

depredate1651

violatea1657

disvalise1672

to pick feathers off (a person)1677

to make stroy of1682

spoliate1699

pilfer1714

snabble1725

rump1815

vampire1832

sweat1847

ploat1855

vampirize1888

1714 ‘Capt. Tom’ Lett. to Mobb in Polit. Merriment ii. 253 A few of you stir for this Cause alone, but to plunder, and rob, and pilfer Houses.

1779 T. Jefferson Bill Proportioning Crimes & Punishments in Papers (1950) II. 499 If any person shall..plunder or pilfer any wreck, he shall be condemned to hard labor five years in the public works.

1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella I. i. vii. 244 The Egyptians, whom it was a merit to deceive and pilfer.

1888 J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. II. lxvii. 520 In some States the treasury was pilfered.

1910 E. M. Forster Howards End xxxiv. 276 But man is an odd, sad creature as yet, intent on pilfering the earth.

1986 New Statesman 26 Sept. 46/1 We pilfered that factory for almost two years.

Derivatives

ˈpilfered adj. stolen.

ΚΠ

1638 L. Roberts Merchants Mappe of Commerce xcvii. 200 The concealed and pilfered bootie, there found and shared by them.

1781 R. B. Sheridan Critic i. i. 23 Your common place-book—where stray jokes, and pilfered witticisms are kept.

1844 Ainsworth's Mag. 6 112 A marine-store keeper of the pilfered orts and ends of literature.

1991 D. Gaines Teenage Wasteland viii. 199 Computer-literate outlaws share pilfered credit card numbers.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pilfer
释义	pilfern. Brit. /ˈpɪlfə/, U.S. /ˈpɪlfər/ Forms: Middle English pelfyr, Middle English–1500s pelfre, Middle English–1500s pilfre, Middle English–1500s pylfre, 1600s– pilfer. N.E.D. also records forms Middle English pelfere, Middle English pilfere. Origin: A borrowing from French. Perhaps also partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: French pelfre ; pilfer v. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman pelfre (see pelf n.). Compare earlier pilferer n. and discussion at that entry. In later use, especially in sense 2, perhaps independently < pilfer v.Some Middle English forms could alternatively be interpreted as showing pelfry n. Now rare. 1. That which is pilfered; plunder, spoils, booty. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > stolen goods > [noun] > spoil or plunder reifOE fang1016 fengc1175 purchasec1325 predec1330 robberyc1330 robbingsc1330 spoila1340 spoila1382 chevisance1393 waitha1400 fee14.. pilferc1400 pelfa1425 spreathc1425 butinc1450 emprisec1450 gain1473 despoil1474 pelfry?a1475 pilfery1489 spulyie1507 cheat1566 bootinga1572 booty1574 escheat1587 boot1598 exuvial1632 bootyn1635 polling1675 expilation1715 prog1727 swag1794 filch1798 spreaghery1814 stake1819 c1400 Brut (Rawl. B. 171) 286 (MED) Þe English knafes tok þe pilfre of þe Scottes þat were quellede. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 391 Pelfyr [?a1475 Winch. pelfrey], spolium. c1475 (a1400) Brut (Douce) 13 (MED) Lotryn wente to here shippes & toke þer gold & siluer and as myche as he fand vn-to hym-self; & all þat other pylfre he ȝaf vn-to other folk of þe ost. a1500 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (Hunterian) (1980) ii. 130 (MED) Oftyn [margin Opyn] þefte is whan þe þef is takyn with hys pelfre or conuyct be trewe witnessis of þefte. 1539 in State Papers Henry VIII (1834) III. 155 The..Scottys fled, and left mych corne, butters, and other pylfre. 1607 R. C. tr. H. Estienne World of Wonders xv. 85 Peaceably to enioy their pilfer and pray. 1791 W. Gilpin Remarks Forest Scenery II. 40 Too many..depend on the precarious supply of forest pilfer. 1993 B. Hanawalt in S. Stuard Women in Medieval Society 134 In the early fourteenth century..the average value of pilfer from a single theft was three pounds six shillings. 2. The action of pilfering. Now chiefly in pilfer-proof adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > petty theft or pilfering > [noun] micherya1393 mitchinga1393 picking1402 purloining1417 pilferc1425 pickery1460 pilfering1548 filching1567 lurching1570 pilfery1573 petty larceny1578 filching-tradea1592 prigging1591 filchery1607 nimming1607 sneaking-budge1699 pilferage1732 cabbaging1774 weeding1819 pilferment1823 crib1855 filch1877 souveniring1919 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. 5363 (MED) Swiche pelfre, spoillynge, nor robberie Apartene not to worþi chiualrye. 1818 J. Morier Second Journey through Persia iii. 42 It is surprising how a man so easily exposes his goods to the pilfer of rogues. 1872 Rept. Comm. Sutro Tunnel 73 The ring..has lately entered into another scheme of pilfer. 1976 D. Meltzer Six 85 All this goes on. The pilfer continues. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pilferv. Brit. /ˈpɪlfə/, U.S. /ˈpɪlfər/ Forms: 1500s pelfer, 1500s pylfer, 1500s pylfre, 1500s– pilfer. Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: French pelfrer ; pilfer n. Etymology: Either < Anglo-Norman pelfrer, pelfrir (see pelf v.), or < pilfer n. 1. a. transitive. To steal (property), esp. in small quantities; to filch. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > steal [verb (transitive)] pick?c1300 takec1300 fetch1377 bribec1405 usurpc1412 rapc1415 to rap and rendc1415 embezzle1495 lifta1529 pilfer1532 suffurate1542 convey?1545 mill1567 prig1567 strike1567 lag1573 shave1585 knave1601 twitch1607 cly1610 asport1621 pinch1632 snapa1639 nap1665 panyar1681 to carry off1684 to pick up1687 thievea1695 to gipsy away1696 bone1699 make1699 win1699 magg1762 snatch1766 to make off with1768 snavel1795 feck1809 shake1811 nail1819 geach1821 pull1821 to run off1821 smug1825 nick1826 abduct1831 swag1846 nobble1855 reef1859 snig1862 find1865 to pull off1865 cop1879 jump1879 slock1888 swipe1889 snag1895 rip1904 snitch1904 pole1906 glom1907 boost1912 hot-stuff1914 score1914 clifty1918 to knock off1919 snoop1924 heist1930 hoist1931 rabbit1943 to rip off1967 to have off1974 the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > petty theft or pilfering > pilfer [verb (transitive)] mitcha1393 pelfa1400 purloinc1475 prowl?1529 finger1530 pilfer1532 lurchc1565 filch1567 filch1574 proloyne1581 nim1606 hook1615 truff1718 snaffle1725 crib1735 pettifog1759 magg1762 niffle1785 cabbage1793 weed1811 nibble1819 cab1825 smouch1826 snuga1859 mooch1862 attract1891 souvenir1897 rat1906 snipe1909 promote1918 salvage1918 smooch1941 1532 T. More Confut. Tyndales Answere Pref. sig. Bbiii^v There had ben certayne lynen clothes pylfred away that were hangyng on an hedge. ?1577 J. Northbrooke Spiritus est Vicarius Christi: Treat. Dicing 104 If during the time of their play, any thing be pilfered or stollen out of his house, hee shall haue no lawe at all for it. 1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 170 The Commanders..wisht him, to set vpon them by Night; But hee answered, He would not pilfer the Victory. 1633 G. Herbert Temple: Sacred Poems 88 Pilfring what I once did give. 1704 True Acct. Found. Work-house City of London 3 Such who are commonly known by the Name of the Black-guard, who too commonly lived upon Pilfering Sugars. 1785 W. Cowper Task i. 131 And not a year but pilfers as he goes Some youthful grace that age would gladly keep. 1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 89 Old palings..mended with stakes pilfered from the neighbouring hedges. 1895 S. Crane Red Badge of Courage ii. 25 A rather fat soldier attempted to pilfer a horse from a dooryard. 1966 P. Moloney Plea for Mersey 14 The Captain..had snitched to the police that his cargo was being pilfered. 1993 New Republic 16 Aug. 42/1 Why would he stoop to pilfer $21,000..when he could have walked away with a legal million? b. transitive. Baseball. To steal (a base). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > baseball > play baseball [verb (transitive)] > steal (a base) steal1836 pilfer1887 1887 N.Y. Times 19 Aug. 3/4 Brown threw splendidly to bases, and checked the Phillies' disposition to pilfer bases. 1931 Lit. Digest 18 Apr. 40 The crab bingled to center..and then pilfered the next cushion. 1985 Toronto Star (Nexis) 4 Oct. f1 Bell pilfered base No. 21, later motoring into third on a two-out, wild-pitch to Iorg. 2004 Plain Dealer (Cleveland, Ohio) (Nexis) 25 Aug. d11 With Alex Rodriguez at the plate, Jeter surprised everyone by pilfering third on a 1-1 pitch. 2. intransitive. To plunder, to rob. In later use also: to commit petty theft. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > spoliation or depredation > commit depredation [verb (intransitive)] reaveOE preyc1325 pillc1390 spoilc1400 spreathc1425 rive1489 poinda1500 to rug and reavea1500 to pill and poll1528 pilfer1548 fleece1575 plunder1642 spulyie1835 the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > petty theft or pilfering > pilfer [verb (intransitive)] pelfa1400 picka1555 befilch1566 filch1567 pilch1573 lurch1593 purloin1611 nim1622 shirk1709 pilfer1729 maraud1770 souvenir1897 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. cciiii^v And when the Turkes saw the Cristen men styll pylfer (as the vsage of souldiers is) they issued out of their holde. a1618 W. Raleigh Remains (1664) 90 As many of your Lordships as have pilfered from the Crown. 1663 J. Mayne tr. Lucian Part of Lucian sig. F1^v His mother sayes he stayes not in heaven by night, but that he may be nimming, goes down to hell, and pilfers there to. 1729 N. Tindal tr. P. Rapin de Thoyras Hist. Eng. IX. xvii. 53 An Englishman being taken pilfering, raised a Quarrel between two Guards. 1755 Man No. 11. 2 Yet for this nonsensical end they will gripe, pinch, pilfer, cheat, [etc.]. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) at Hulk He goes hulking about from place to place, seemingly watching for opportunities to pilfer. 1879 H. Spencer Data of Ethics xv. §102. 264 A servant who..pilfers, may have to suffer pain from being discharged. 1960 Guardian 9 Nov. 6/5 The standards she set were too high for the child, who became disturbed and began to pilfer. 1992 Matrix Fall 29/1 You should just be allowed to pillage and pilfer. 3. transitive. To steal from (a person or place). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > spoliation or depredation > despoil or prey upon [verb (transitive)] reaveOE stripa1225 pill?c1225 robc1225 peela1250 despoil1297 raimc1300 spoilc1330 spoila1340 to pull a finch (also pigeon, plover, etc.)c1387 despoil1393 preya1400 spoila1400 spulyiea1400 unspoila1400 riflec1400 poll1490 to pill and poll1528 to poll and pill1528 exspoila1530 pilyie1539 devour?1542 plume1571 rive1572 bepill1574 fleece1575 to prey over1576 pread1577 disvaledge1598 despoliate1607 to make spoil of1613 expilate1624 to peel and poll1641 depredate1651 violatea1657 disvalise1672 to pick feathers off (a person)1677 to make stroy of1682 spoliate1699 pilfer1714 snabble1725 rump1815 vampire1832 sweat1847 ploat1855 vampirize1888 1714 ‘Capt. Tom’ Lett. to Mobb in Polit. Merriment ii. 253 A few of you stir for this Cause alone, but to plunder, and rob, and pilfer Houses. 1779 T. Jefferson Bill Proportioning Crimes & Punishments in Papers (1950) II. 499 If any person shall..plunder or pilfer any wreck, he shall be condemned to hard labor five years in the public works. 1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella I. i. vii. 244 The Egyptians, whom it was a merit to deceive and pilfer. 1888 J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. II. lxvii. 520 In some States the treasury was pilfered. 1910 E. M. Forster Howards End xxxiv. 276 But man is an odd, sad creature as yet, intent on pilfering the earth. 1986 New Statesman 26 Sept. 46/1 We pilfered that factory for almost two years. Derivatives ˈpilfered adj. stolen. ΚΠ 1638 L. Roberts Merchants Mappe of Commerce xcvii. 200 The concealed and pilfered bootie, there found and shared by them. 1781 R. B. Sheridan Critic i. i. 23 Your common place-book—where stray jokes, and pilfered witticisms are kept. 1844 Ainsworth's Mag. 6 112 A marine-store keeper of the pilfered orts and ends of literature. 1991 D. Gaines Teenage Wasteland viii. 199 Computer-literate outlaws share pilfered credit card numbers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1400v.1532
随便看	hydroelectrically hydroelectricities hydroelectricity hydroengineering hydroenterocele hydroextract hydroextracting hydroextraction hydroextractor hydroextractors hydroferricyanate hydroferricyanic hydroferricyanic acid hydroferrocyanate hydroferrocyanic hydroferrocyanic acid hydrofined hydrofining hydrofluate hydrofluate of ammonia hydroflumethiazide hydrofluoboric hydrofluoboric acid hydrofluoric hydrofluoric acid