phun.

Brit.

/fuː/, U.S.

/fu/

Forms: 1500s–1700s 1900s– phu, 1900s– fu.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French phu; Latin phū.

Etymology: < Middle French, French phu (15th cent.) and its etymon classical Latin phū valerian (Pliny; in post-classical Latin also spelt fu, from c1300) < Hellenistic Greek ϕοῦ (Dioscorides: see below).Popular sources often repeat the story that the name originated as an exclamation of disgust at the rhizome's disagreeable smell (see quot. 1987, and compare pew int., phew int.), but there seems to be no clear historical basis for this. The ancient Greek exclamation ϕοῦ is recorded only as a variant of ϕεῦ , expressing grief, anger, or astonishment. While Dioscorides, in describing the root of the plant, mentions some foul-smelling oppressiveness, at the same time he calls it sweet-scented and compares its scent to nard (compare quot. a1763).

Now historical.

Any of several species of valerian having rhizomes used medicinally.The species so called may have included common valerian, Valeriana officinalis, the widely cultivated V. phu, and V. dioscoridis of the Balkan peninsula.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > valerian

valerianc1386

setwalla1400

spike celtic1540

capon's-tail1548

phu1562

poor man's remedy1657

spikenard1688

countryman's treacle1745–7

tobacco-root1845

1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. F.ij^v Phu is called in englishe setwal, of other some Capones tayle.]

1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 86 Phu, which som call also wild Spiknard, groweth in Pontus, and it hath a lefe lyke vnto..Alexander.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 687 Mingle..these hearbs following, Agrimony, Rue, Phu, Scabious, Betony.

1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) ii. cdxl. 1078 Generally the Valerians are called by one name, in Latine, Valeriana: in Greeke, ϕοῦ; in shoppes also Phu, which for the most part is meant for garden Valerian.

1702 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 23 1169 Galen observed that Phu was an Odorate Root, like Nardum in virtue.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Phu, in botany, a name by which some authors call the great garden valerian.

a1763 C. Smart Jubilate Agno (fragment D) in Poet. Wks. (1980) I. 118 Let Evelyn, house of Evelyn rejoice with Phu a Plinian shrub sweet-scented.

1931 M. Grieve Mod. Herbal (1967) II. 826/1 The word Valeriana is not found in the classical authors; we first meet with it in the ninth or tenth century, at which period and for long afterwards it was used as synonymous with Phu or Fu.]

1987 J. Adams Landscaping with Herbs (2001) 44 Generally called Valerian today, instead of Fu, a handle from Greek times alluding to its malodorous airs during the drying process, this herb is still valuable today as a sedative.

1989 HerbalGram (Nexis) Fall As early as 1515, Valeriana was repeatedly said to be synonymous with phu, a plant described by Sibthorp and now accepted as V. dioscorides.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	phu
释义	phun. Brit. /fuː/, U.S. /fu/ Forms: 1500s–1700s 1900s– phu, 1900s– fu. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French phu; Latin phū. Etymology: < Middle French, French phu (15th cent.) and its etymon classical Latin phū valerian (Pliny; in post-classical Latin also spelt fu, from c1300) < Hellenistic Greek ϕοῦ (Dioscorides: see below).Popular sources often repeat the story that the name originated as an exclamation of disgust at the rhizome's disagreeable smell (see quot. 1987, and compare pew int., phew int.), but there seems to be no clear historical basis for this. The ancient Greek exclamation ϕοῦ is recorded only as a variant of ϕεῦ , expressing grief, anger, or astonishment. While Dioscorides, in describing the root of the plant, mentions some foul-smelling oppressiveness, at the same time he calls it sweet-scented and compares its scent to nard (compare quot. a1763). Now historical. Any of several species of valerian having rhizomes used medicinally.The species so called may have included common valerian, Valeriana officinalis, the widely cultivated V. phu, and V. dioscoridis of the Balkan peninsula. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > valerian valerianc1386 setwalla1400 spike celtic1540 capon's-tail1548 phu1562 poor man's remedy1657 spikenard1688 countryman's treacle1745–7 tobacco-root1845 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. F.ij^v Phu is called in englishe setwal, of other some Capones tayle.] 1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 86 Phu, which som call also wild Spiknard, groweth in Pontus, and it hath a lefe lyke vnto..Alexander. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 687 Mingle..these hearbs following, Agrimony, Rue, Phu, Scabious, Betony. 1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) ii. cdxl. 1078 Generally the Valerians are called by one name, in Latine, Valeriana: in Greeke, ϕοῦ; in shoppes also Phu, which for the most part is meant for garden Valerian. 1702 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 23 1169 Galen observed that Phu was an Odorate Root, like Nardum in virtue. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Phu, in botany, a name by which some authors call the great garden valerian. a1763 C. Smart Jubilate Agno (fragment D) in Poet. Wks. (1980) I. 118 Let Evelyn, house of Evelyn rejoice with Phu a Plinian shrub sweet-scented. 1931 M. Grieve Mod. Herbal (1967) II. 826/1 The word Valeriana is not found in the classical authors; we first meet with it in the ninth or tenth century, at which period and for long afterwards it was used as synonymous with Phu or Fu.] 1987 J. Adams Landscaping with Herbs (2001) 44 Generally called Valerian today, instead of Fu, a handle from Greek times alluding to its malodorous airs during the drying process, this herb is still valuable today as a sedative. 1989 HerbalGram (Nexis) Fall As early as 1515, Valeriana was repeatedly said to be synonymous with phu, a plant described by Sibthorp and now accepted as V. dioscorides. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1562
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