piraticaladj.

Brit.

/pʌɪˈratᵻkl/,

/pᵻˈratᵻkl/, U.S.

/paɪˈrædək(ə)l/,

/pəˈrædək(ə)l/

Forms: 1500s pyratycall, 1500s (Scottish)–1600s piraticall, 1600s peiraticall, 1600s– piratical, 1600s– pyraticall, 1600s–1800s pyratical.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin pīrāticus , -al suffix¹.

Etymology: < classical Latin pīrāticus piratic adj. + -al suffix¹. Compare Middle French, French piratique (see piratic adj.). Compare slightly earlier piratically adv.

1. Of, relating to, or characteristic of a pirate or piracy; engaged in or promoting acts of piracy; inhabited by pirates.For quot. 1622 cf. Piratic War n. at piratic adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > piracy > [adjective]

piratical1550

picarooning1625

pirately1625

piratica1640

picaroon1650

sea-roving1841

society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > sailor > sailors involved in specific duties or activities > [adjective] > of or relating to pirate

piratical1550

pirately1625

piratica1640

1550 T. Nicolls tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War i. i The sayde Pyratycall or theuyshe crafte.

1579–80 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1880) 1st Ser. III. 255 Thair piraticall and weikit deidis.

1622 F. Bacon Advt. Holy Warre in Wks. (1879) I. 528/1 The piratical war which was achieved by Pompey the Great.

1648 H. Parker Of Free Trade 35 The devouring, piraticall Trade of war is not so honourable.., as that ingenious just Art of commerce, which may be exercised without rigor, or effusion of blood.

1712 E. Cooke Voy. S. Sea 107 Capt. Sharp's Pyratical Voyage to the South Sea.

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. x. 245 The gold which the Scandinavians had acquired in their pyratical adventures.

1821 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. in Writings (1984) 60 The other pyratical states, if they refuse to discontinue their pyracies shall become objects of this convention.

1836 W. Irving Astoria III. 103 These would apprize their relatives, the piratical Sioux of the Missouri, of the approach of a band of white traders.

1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 2 Feb. 1/1 The Soudan flung away to be the scrambling-ground of the piratical adventurers of the world.

1926 Travel Nov. 5/3 (advt.) They cross the piratical Caribbean to Colon in Panama.

1956 Life 2 Apr. 72/1 (caption) The piratical Saracens who had been attacking Genoese shipping.

2000 M. Kneale Eng. Passengers (2001) xi. 304 A brief inspection of his eye was enough to confirm that no lasting injury had been caused, though he was provided with a piratical eye-patch.

a. Of goods: obtained by piracy. Now rare except with reference to commercial piracy (see sense 2b).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > piracy > [adjective] > obtained by piracy

piratical1565

piraced1660

1565 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 336 Ony of the said piraticall gudis.

1565 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 337 Personis that avariciouslie ressettis the piraticall gudis.

1631 R. Brathwait Whimzies xviii. 143 In hope to become sharer in a pyraticall treasure.

1718 Boston News-let. 17 Feb. 2/1 A Sloop richly loaden with Silks, Flanders, Lace and valuable Goods arrived there from the Bahemas, was Seized, supposing them to be Piratical Goods.

1793 T. Somerville Hist. Polit. Trans. xix. 634 It was moved in the house of commons, that the letters patent, granted to the earl of Belmont and others for piratical goods, were dishonourable to the king.

1826 Let. 5 Sept. in Edinb. Advertiser 20 Oct. 664/1 The search for piratical goods at Thernia has not been so successful as was expected.

2000 Borneo Bull. (Nexis) 14 May Since time immemorial, we could not recall our ancestors handing piratical goods to us. Smoked enemy skulls are about the only heritage from our ancestors' headhunting exploits but nothing else.

b. Of a book, film, etc.: reproduced or copied without authorization or in infringement of patent or copyright; = pirated adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > plagiarism > [adjective] > plagiarized

surreptitious1615

pirated1705

piratical1731

plagiarized1766

1731 H. Fielding Tragedy of Tragedies Pref. p. iv This learned Critick and his Followers, were led into so great an Error, by that surreptitious and piratical Copy, which stole last Year into the World.

1784 J. Anderson Constit. Fraternity Free & Accepted Masons (new ed.) 230 A book called ‘the Free Mason's Vade-mecum’ was condemned by the grand lodge, as a piratical silly production, done without leave.

1838 A. B. Granville Spas Germany 245 Two legal editions—two piratical ones.

1897 Dict. National Biogr. at Shakespeare, William In all probability this crude production was a piratical and carelessly transcribed copy of Shakespeare's first draft of the play.

1933 J. W. Cunliffe Eng. Lit. in Twentieth Cent. x. 225 Lawrence had it [sc. Lady Chatterley's Lover] set up by compositors who knew only Italian and sold by a Florentine publisher; but before long five piratical editions had appeared in the United States.

1965 PMLA 80 199/1 William Benbow..is best remembered today for his piratical editions of Byron and Shelley.

2003 National Law Jrnl. (Nexis) 12 May s16 Copyright owners may record their copyrights with Customs to prevent the importation of ‘piratical’ goods.

3. Engaged in or given to the unauthorized reproduction of books, literary material, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > plagiarism > [adjective] > plagiarizing

purloining1576

plagiary1598

pirating1686

piratical1703

1703 D. Defoe True Coll. of Writings Pref. sig. A3^v This Piratical Printer, as such are very rightly called, who unjustly print other Mens Copies.

1759 W. H. Dilworth Life of Pope 87 The piratical Curl had..advertised the letters of Messieurs Prior and Addison.

1825 W. T. Montcrieff Giovanni in London Advt. The very Songs had long been appropriated, for their own benefit, by certain piratical publishers.

1877 E. Dowden Shakspere (Macmillan Lit. Primers) i. 12 Piratical publishers tried in some dishonest way to come at the manuscript.

1963 L. Marder His Exits & His Entrances vii. 212 Even while Shakespeare was alive, piratical publishers were affixing his name or initials to plays in which he had no hand.

1996 H. M. Solomon Rise of Robert Dodsley iii. 65 In 1738..Pope and Dodsley were simultaneously working out the final stages of their suit against the piratical printer James Watson.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	piratical
释义	piraticaladj. Brit. /pʌɪˈratᵻkl/, /pᵻˈratᵻkl/, U.S. /paɪˈrædək(ə)l/, /pəˈrædək(ə)l/ Forms: 1500s pyratycall, 1500s (Scottish)–1600s piraticall, 1600s peiraticall, 1600s– piratical, 1600s– pyraticall, 1600s–1800s pyratical. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin pīrāticus , -al suffix¹. Etymology: < classical Latin pīrāticus piratic adj. + -al suffix¹. Compare Middle French, French piratique (see piratic adj.). Compare slightly earlier piratically adv. 1. Of, relating to, or characteristic of a pirate or piracy; engaged in or promoting acts of piracy; inhabited by pirates.For quot. 1622 cf. Piratic War n. at piratic adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > piracy > [adjective] piratical1550 picarooning1625 pirately1625 piratica1640 picaroon1650 sea-roving1841 society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > sailor > sailors involved in specific duties or activities > [adjective] > of or relating to pirate piratical1550 pirately1625 piratica1640 1550 T. Nicolls tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War i. i The sayde Pyratycall or theuyshe crafte. 1579–80 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1880) 1st Ser. III. 255 Thair piraticall and weikit deidis. 1622 F. Bacon Advt. Holy Warre in Wks. (1879) I. 528/1 The piratical war which was achieved by Pompey the Great. 1648 H. Parker Of Free Trade 35 The devouring, piraticall Trade of war is not so honourable.., as that ingenious just Art of commerce, which may be exercised without rigor, or effusion of blood. 1712 E. Cooke Voy. S. Sea 107 Capt. Sharp's Pyratical Voyage to the South Sea. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. x. 245 The gold which the Scandinavians had acquired in their pyratical adventures. 1821 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. in Writings (1984) 60 The other pyratical states, if they refuse to discontinue their pyracies shall become objects of this convention. 1836 W. Irving Astoria III. 103 These would apprize their relatives, the piratical Sioux of the Missouri, of the approach of a band of white traders. 1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 2 Feb. 1/1 The Soudan flung away to be the scrambling-ground of the piratical adventurers of the world. 1926 Travel Nov. 5/3 (advt.) They cross the piratical Caribbean to Colon in Panama. 1956 Life 2 Apr. 72/1 (caption) The piratical Saracens who had been attacking Genoese shipping. 2000 M. Kneale Eng. Passengers (2001) xi. 304 A brief inspection of his eye was enough to confirm that no lasting injury had been caused, though he was provided with a piratical eye-patch. 2. a. Of goods: obtained by piracy. Now rare except with reference to commercial piracy (see sense 2b). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > piracy > [adjective] > obtained by piracy piratical1565 piraced1660 1565 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 336 Ony of the said piraticall gudis. 1565 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 337 Personis that avariciouslie ressettis the piraticall gudis. 1631 R. Brathwait Whimzies xviii. 143 In hope to become sharer in a pyraticall treasure. 1718 Boston News-let. 17 Feb. 2/1 A Sloop richly loaden with Silks, Flanders, Lace and valuable Goods arrived there from the Bahemas, was Seized, supposing them to be Piratical Goods. 1793 T. Somerville Hist. Polit. Trans. xix. 634 It was moved in the house of commons, that the letters patent, granted to the earl of Belmont and others for piratical goods, were dishonourable to the king. 1826 Let. 5 Sept. in Edinb. Advertiser 20 Oct. 664/1 The search for piratical goods at Thernia has not been so successful as was expected. 2000 Borneo Bull. (Nexis) 14 May Since time immemorial, we could not recall our ancestors handing piratical goods to us. Smoked enemy skulls are about the only heritage from our ancestors' headhunting exploits but nothing else. b. Of a book, film, etc.: reproduced or copied without authorization or in infringement of patent or copyright; = pirated adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > plagiarism > [adjective] > plagiarized surreptitious1615 pirated1705 piratical1731 plagiarized1766 1731 H. Fielding Tragedy of Tragedies Pref. p. iv This learned Critick and his Followers, were led into so great an Error, by that surreptitious and piratical Copy, which stole last Year into the World. 1784 J. Anderson Constit. Fraternity Free & Accepted Masons (new ed.) 230 A book called ‘the Free Mason's Vade-mecum’ was condemned by the grand lodge, as a piratical silly production, done without leave. 1838 A. B. Granville Spas Germany 245 Two legal editions—two piratical ones. 1897 Dict. National Biogr. at Shakespeare, William In all probability this crude production was a piratical and carelessly transcribed copy of Shakespeare's first draft of the play. 1933 J. W. Cunliffe Eng. Lit. in Twentieth Cent. x. 225 Lawrence had it [sc. Lady Chatterley's Lover] set up by compositors who knew only Italian and sold by a Florentine publisher; but before long five piratical editions had appeared in the United States. 1965 PMLA 80 199/1 William Benbow..is best remembered today for his piratical editions of Byron and Shelley. 2003 National Law Jrnl. (Nexis) 12 May s16 Copyright owners may record their copyrights with Customs to prevent the importation of ‘piratical’ goods. 3. Engaged in or given to the unauthorized reproduction of books, literary material, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > plagiarism > [adjective] > plagiarizing purloining1576 plagiary1598 pirating1686 piratical1703 1703 D. Defoe True Coll. of Writings Pref. sig. A3^v This Piratical Printer, as such are very rightly called, who unjustly print other Mens Copies. 1759 W. H. Dilworth Life of Pope 87 The piratical Curl had..advertised the letters of Messieurs Prior and Addison. 1825 W. T. Montcrieff Giovanni in London Advt. The very Songs had long been appropriated, for their own benefit, by certain piratical publishers. 1877 E. Dowden Shakspere (Macmillan Lit. Primers) i. 12 Piratical publishers tried in some dishonest way to come at the manuscript. 1963 L. Marder His Exits & His Entrances vii. 212 Even while Shakespeare was alive, piratical publishers were affixing his name or initials to plays in which he had no hand. 1996 H. M. Solomon Rise of Robert Dodsley iii. 65 In 1738..Pope and Dodsley were simultaneously working out the final stages of their suit against the piratical printer James Watson. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.1550
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