beholdenadj.

/bɪˈhəʊld(ə)n/

Forms: Also Middle English bihalden, biholde, Middle English–1500s behold(e, Middle English byholden, byhalden, behoulden, 1800s (dialect) behauden, behadden, behodden.

Etymology: Originally past participle of behold v.; but senses 1, 2 are not actually found in other parts of the verb, though ‘hold or retain under obligation’ was a natural enough sense of be-hold . See also beholding adj.

1. Attached, or obliged (to a person); under personal obligation for favours or services.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > gratitude > [adjective] > under obligation

addebteda1400

beholdenc1400

debtedc1425

beholding1484

indebt1504

bounden1530

indebted1553

obliged1596

redevable1596

engaged1665

behoven1880

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1842 I am derely to yow biholde.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1547 I am hyȝly bihalden, & euer-more wylle Be seruaunt to your-seluen.

1414 T. Brampton Paraphr. Seven Penit. Psalms li. 20 Manye, that were to me beholde.

1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes iii. x. 188 The more beholden is the lorde unto hym.

1592 tr. F. Du Jon Apocalypsis xiii. 1 The beast is beholden for all unto the Dragon.

1656 J. Bramhall Replic. to Bishop of Chalcedon vii. 283 I am much beholden to him for easing me of the labour of replying.

1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xxvi*. 81 Besides, I don't love to be beholden.

1830 W. Scott Old Mortality vi, in Tales of my Landlord (new ed.) I. 326 And wad keep ye in bread without being behadden to ony ane.

1873 F. Hall Mod. Eng. 101 How deeply we are beholden to the happy daring of translators, for the amplitude and variety of our diction.

†2. Under moral obligation, in duty bound (to do something). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > [adjective] > bound or under obligation

indebted?c1225

boundena1400

owingc1400

debtfulc1425

belast1441

beholdena1450

worthy1469

obligate?a1475

subjectc1480

bound1488

debt-bounda1522

obstrict1527

addicted1535

oughting1567

devinct1573

bounded1586

obliged1596

affineda1616

boundant1654

guilty1700

obligated1740

behoven1880

duty-bound1908

due1913

a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 108 Eueriche fader and moder is be holde to praie for her children.

c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) iii. 1814 To worchep Iesu þey ar be-hold.

1506 Thordynarye of Crysten Men (new ed.) i. vii. sig. Gvi^v He is bounde and beholde for to byleue that who so trespasseth..is in deedly synne.

†3. Regarded, considered. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > thinking about, consideration, deliberation > [adjective] > weighed mentally, considered

counterpoised1477

beholden1530

concoct1534

pensive1575

meditate1588

meditated1588

considered1604

ruminated1605

(crime, evil, etc.) of forethought1692

thought-out1833

ponderated1892

ponderate1922

thought-through1922

1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) iii. 310 The thynge byholden [L. res inspecta] ys to say, the beholdynge of the causes why the saterdaye ys gyuen more specyally to the seruyce of oure lady.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	beholden
释义	beholdenadj. /bɪˈhəʊld(ə)n/ Forms: Also Middle English bihalden, biholde, Middle English–1500s behold(e, Middle English byholden, byhalden, behoulden, 1800s (dialect) behauden, behadden, behodden. Etymology: Originally past participle of behold v.; but senses 1, 2 are not actually found in other parts of the verb, though ‘hold or retain under obligation’ was a natural enough sense of be-hold . See also beholding adj. 1. Attached, or obliged (to a person); under personal obligation for favours or services. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > gratitude > [adjective] > under obligation addebteda1400 beholdenc1400 debtedc1425 beholding1484 indebt1504 bounden1530 indebted1553 obliged1596 redevable1596 engaged1665 behoven1880 c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1842 I am derely to yow biholde. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1547 I am hyȝly bihalden, & euer-more wylle Be seruaunt to your-seluen. 1414 T. Brampton Paraphr. Seven Penit. Psalms li. 20 Manye, that were to me beholde. 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes iii. x. 188 The more beholden is the lorde unto hym. 1592 tr. F. Du Jon Apocalypsis xiii. 1 The beast is beholden for all unto the Dragon. 1656 J. Bramhall Replic. to Bishop of Chalcedon vii. 283 I am much beholden to him for easing me of the labour of replying. 1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xxvi. 81 Besides, I don't love to be beholden. 1830 W. Scott Old Mortality* vi, in Tales of my Landlord (new ed.) I. 326 And wad keep ye in bread without being behadden to ony ane. 1873 F. Hall Mod. Eng. 101 How deeply we are beholden to the happy daring of translators, for the amplitude and variety of our diction. †2. Under moral obligation, in duty bound (to do something). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > [adjective] > bound or under obligation indebted?c1225 boundena1400 owingc1400 debtfulc1425 belast1441 beholdena1450 worthy1469 obligate?a1475 subjectc1480 bound1488 debt-bounda1522 obstrict1527 addicted1535 oughting1567 devinct1573 bounded1586 obliged1596 affineda1616 boundant1654 guilty1700 obligated1740 behoven1880 duty-bound1908 due1913 a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 108 Eueriche fader and moder is be holde to praie for her children. c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) iii. 1814 To worchep Iesu þey ar be-hold. 1506 Thordynarye of Crysten Men (new ed.) i. vii. sig. Gvi^v He is bounde and beholde for to byleue that who so trespasseth..is in deedly synne. †3. Regarded, considered. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > thinking about, consideration, deliberation > [adjective] > weighed mentally, considered counterpoised1477 beholden1530 concoct1534 pensive1575 meditate1588 meditated1588 considered1604 ruminated1605 (crime, evil, etc.) of forethought1692 thought-out1833 ponderated1892 ponderate1922 thought-through1922 1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) iii. 310 The thynge byholden [L. res inspecta] ys to say, the beholdynge of the causes why the saterdaye ys gyuen more specyally to the seruyce of oure lady. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.c1400
随便看	bigamously bigamus bigamy bewest bewet bewh bewhape bewhatled bewhig bewhisker bewhiskered bewhiskeres bewhiskering bewhiskerring bewhiskers bewhisper bewhistle bewhite bewhiten bewhore bewick swan bewick's swan bewidow bewield bewig