penstockn.¹

Brit.

/ˈpɛnstɒk/, U.S.

/ˈpɛnˌstɑk/

Forms:

α. 1500s (1800s U.S.) pentstock.

β. 1500s pinstocke, 1500s pynstoke, 1500s–1600s penstocke, 1700s– penstock.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: pent n.¹, stock n.¹; pen n.², stock n.¹

Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps < pent n.¹ + stock n.¹ (compare α. forms), or perhaps < pen n.² + stock n.¹ (compare β. forms), but both pent n.¹ and pen n.² are first attested later. It is also unclear whether the forms pinstocke , pynstoke show raising of e to i or show pin v.² as their first element.

1. A sluice or floodgate for regulating the flow from a pent body of water, as in a watermill.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water > gate, lock, or sluice

hatchOE

clowa1250

lock1261

water lock1261

sluice1340

water gate1390

sewer-gate1402

spay1415

floodgatec1440

shuttlec1440

spayer1450

gate1496

falling gate1524

spoye1528

gote1531

penstock1542

ventil1570

drawgate1587

flood-hatch1587

turnpike1623

slaker1664

lock gate1677

hatchway1705

flash1768

turnpike-lock1771

sluice-gate1781

pound-lock1783

stop-gate1790

buck gate1791

slacker1797

aboiteau1802

koker1814

guard-lock1815

falling sluice1819

lasher1840

fender1847

tailgate1875

weir-hatch1875

wicket1875

1542–3 in D. W. Crossley Sidney Ironworks Accts. 1541–73 (1975) 44 Item delivered unto them for the whele and the pentstock of the said fornace of nayles xi li.

1573 in D. W. Crossley Sidney Ironworks Accts. 1541–73 (1975) 200 Mending the bridge at norbridge the fludgate there, for a new pynstoke for one of the fyners.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1543/2 Herin..was laid first a pinstocke, and afterwards a sluse of great charge, the streame whereof meeting with the course of the great sluse increaseth the force thereof.

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. H2/1 Water comming out of them [sc. a baye or penne] by a passage or flud-gate (called the penstocke).

1725 London Gaz. No. 6420/3 A Penstock of a Pond.

1791 R. Mylne in Rep. Engineers Commissioners Navigation Thames 52 Two ten ft. Bridges to a Penstock ditch.

1801 Trans. Soc. Arts 19 268 The penstock, which regulates the quantity of water running to the wheel.

1864 Daily Tel. 26 July There are sixteen openings..through which the sewage flows into the reservoirs as regulated by the penstocks—or floodgates.

1905 Times 13 Jan. 13/3 The sewage was collected in a tank, which only discharged at low tide, being kept shut by means of a penstock for 19 out of the 24 hours.

1992 C. Coulson in C. Harper-Bill & R. Harvey Medieval Knighthood IV 107 The old sluice was of ‘portcullis’ penstock type.

2. Originally and chiefly U.S. A channel, trough, or tube for conveying water from a lake, dam, etc., esp. to a waterwheel or turbine.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > channel for conveyance of water

water leatOE

water lade1224

leat1279

watergang1293

sow1316

trough1398

wissinga1400

lanec1420

waterway1431

water leasow1440

watercoursea1450

fleam1523

lead1541

cut1548

aqueducta1552

lake1559

strand1565

race1570

channel1581

watergauge1597

gout1598

server1610

carriage1669

runnel1669

aquage1706

shoot1707

tewel1725

run1761

penstock1763

hulve1764

way-gang1766

culvert1774

flume1784

shute1790

pentrough1793

raceway1793

water carriage1793

carrier1794

conductor1796

water carrier1827

penchute1875

chute1878

by-cut1883

the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water > gate, lock, or sluice > other parts of

apron1721

pointing door1744

penstock1763

lock seat1787

rymer1794

trip-sill1905

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > turbine > [noun] > parts of > other parts

runner1878

penstock1894

rotor1903

turbofan1911

spill burner1945

1763 Pennsylvania Gaz. 9 June (advt.) One Brick Cistern, (which is supplied with Water from a Penstock, at an adjacent Water Wheel).

1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Penstock, a narrow or confined place formed by a frame of timber planked or boarded, for holding or conducting the water of a mill-pond to a wheel.

1894 Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 613 A penstock..is a great tube, usually,..of boiler plate..conveying water under head into the wheel case in which the turbine revolves.

1933 Discovery Apr. 110/2 The station is several miles below Niagara Falls, the water being led to the ‘pen-stocks’ (the tubes which guide the water to the turbines) by means of a concrete canal from a point above the falls.

1991 Fly Rod & Reel July 9/1 A walk under the penstock pipes that carry the once-mighty Colorado.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	penstock
释义	penstockn.¹ Brit. /ˈpɛnstɒk/, U.S. /ˈpɛnˌstɑk/ Forms: α. 1500s (1800s U.S.) pentstock. β. 1500s pinstocke, 1500s pynstoke, 1500s–1600s penstocke, 1700s– penstock. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: pent n.¹, stock n.¹; pen n.², stock n.¹ Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps < pent n.¹ + stock n.¹ (compare α. forms), or perhaps < pen n.² + stock n.¹ (compare β. forms), but both pent n.¹ and pen n.² are first attested later. It is also unclear whether the forms pinstocke , pynstoke show raising of e to i or show pin v.² as their first element. 1. A sluice or floodgate for regulating the flow from a pent body of water, as in a watermill. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water > gate, lock, or sluice hatchOE clowa1250 lock1261 water lock1261 sluice1340 water gate1390 sewer-gate1402 spay1415 floodgatec1440 shuttlec1440 spayer1450 gate1496 falling gate1524 spoye1528 gote1531 penstock1542 ventil1570 drawgate1587 flood-hatch1587 turnpike1623 slaker1664 lock gate1677 hatchway1705 flash1768 turnpike-lock1771 sluice-gate1781 pound-lock1783 stop-gate1790 buck gate1791 slacker1797 aboiteau1802 koker1814 guard-lock1815 falling sluice1819 lasher1840 fender1847 tailgate1875 weir-hatch1875 wicket1875 1542–3 in D. W. Crossley Sidney Ironworks Accts. 1541–73 (1975) 44 Item delivered unto them for the whele and the pentstock of the said fornace of nayles xi li. 1573 in D. W. Crossley Sidney Ironworks Accts. 1541–73 (1975) 200 Mending the bridge at norbridge the fludgate there, for a new pynstoke for one of the fyners. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1543/2 Herin..was laid first a pinstocke, and afterwards a sluse of great charge, the streame whereof meeting with the course of the great sluse increaseth the force thereof. 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. H2/1 Water comming out of them [sc. a baye or penne] by a passage or flud-gate (called the penstocke). 1725 London Gaz. No. 6420/3 A Penstock of a Pond. 1791 R. Mylne in Rep. Engineers Commissioners Navigation Thames 52 Two ten ft. Bridges to a Penstock ditch. 1801 Trans. Soc. Arts 19 268 The penstock, which regulates the quantity of water running to the wheel. 1864 Daily Tel. 26 July There are sixteen openings..through which the sewage flows into the reservoirs as regulated by the penstocks—or floodgates. 1905 Times 13 Jan. 13/3 The sewage was collected in a tank, which only discharged at low tide, being kept shut by means of a penstock for 19 out of the 24 hours. 1992 C. Coulson in C. Harper-Bill & R. Harvey Medieval Knighthood IV 107 The old sluice was of ‘portcullis’ penstock type. 2. Originally and chiefly U.S. A channel, trough, or tube for conveying water from a lake, dam, etc., esp. to a waterwheel or turbine. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > channel for conveyance of water water leatOE water lade1224 leat1279 watergang1293 sow1316 trough1398 wissinga1400 lanec1420 waterway1431 water leasow1440 watercoursea1450 fleam1523 lead1541 cut1548 aqueducta1552 lake1559 strand1565 race1570 channel1581 watergauge1597 gout1598 server1610 carriage1669 runnel1669 aquage1706 shoot1707 tewel1725 run1761 penstock1763 hulve1764 way-gang1766 culvert1774 flume1784 shute1790 pentrough1793 raceway1793 water carriage1793 carrier1794 conductor1796 water carrier1827 penchute1875 chute1878 by-cut1883 the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water > gate, lock, or sluice > other parts of apron1721 pointing door1744 penstock1763 lock seat1787 rymer1794 trip-sill1905 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > turbine > [noun] > parts of > other parts runner1878 penstock1894 rotor1903 turbofan1911 spill burner1945 1763 Pennsylvania Gaz. 9 June (advt.) One Brick Cistern, (which is supplied with Water from a Penstock, at an adjacent Water Wheel). 1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Penstock, a narrow or confined place formed by a frame of timber planked or boarded, for holding or conducting the water of a mill-pond to a wheel. 1894 Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 613 A penstock..is a great tube, usually,..of boiler plate..conveying water under head into the wheel case in which the turbine revolves. 1933 Discovery Apr. 110/2 The station is several miles below Niagara Falls, the water being led to the ‘pen-stocks’ (the tubes which guide the water to the turbines) by means of a concrete canal from a point above the falls. 1991 Fly Rod & Reel July 9/1 A walk under the penstock pipes that carry the once-mighty Colorado. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). penstockn.² Brit. /ˈpɛnstɒk/, U.S. /ˈpɛnˌstɑk/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: pen n.³, stock n.¹ Etymology: < pen n.³ + stock n.¹ rare. The stock or handle of a pen; a penholder. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > writing materials > writing instrument > [noun] > pen > penholder penholder1815 penstock1864 1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Pen-stock..3. The handle used with a metallic or other pen. 1908 S. P. Sherman Let. 22 Apr. in J. Zeitlin & H. Woodbridge Life & Lett. S. P. Sherman (1929) I. ix. 171 One of the warmest things that was ever incubated in my penstock. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1542n.²1864
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penstockn.1

penstockn.2

penstockn.¹

penstockn.²