Penitenten.

Brit.

/ˌpɛnɪˈtɛnteɪ/, U.S.

/ˌpɛnəˈtɛn(t)eɪ/

Forms: also with lower-case initial.

Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish penitente.

Etymology: < Spanish penitente penitent (late 14th or early 15th cent.), also in transferred use in sense 2 (1882), apparently on account of the resemblance of the peak to a penitent's cowl (compare quot. 1954 at penitent n. 5) < classical Latin penitent- , penitēns penitent n.

1. A member of a religious society of flagellants in the south-western United States, which flourished primarily in the 19th cent.The Penitentes probably originated as an offshoot of a Franciscan Third Order.

ΚΠ

1838 ‘Texian’ Mexico vs. Texas vi. 79 [The procession] is rendered shocking and repulsive, by penitentes, who walk at the head of the cortege, naked from the waist upwards.

1881 C. M. Chase Editor's Run in New Mexico 114 At the lower end of the habitations we found the Penitente church, a mud house.

1923 D. H. Lawrence Birds, Beasts & Flowers (N.Y. ed.) 167 The Penitentes lash themselves till they run with blood In their efforts to come awake for one moment.

1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) Penitentes..practice self-castigation and other cruel rites (until 1896 crucifixion) during Holy Week. Though condemned (1889) by the Roman Catholic Church to which they belonged, the Penitentes still exist in some places, and carry on their practices in secret.

1992 N.Y. Times 8 Nov. v. 15/2 Although they are nowadays much more moderately inclined, Penitentes can still be found in the area, but they are given to secrecy.

2. Physical Geography. With lower-case initial. = penitent n. 5.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > snow > [noun] > an accumulation or expanse of snow > other formations

sastruga1840

snow roller1866

penitent1887

Penitente1887

1887 Proc. Royal Geogr. Soc. 9 249 Dr. Plagemann found the ‘penitentes’ or ‘penitents,’ those curious conical snow-formations in the same high zone of from 11,500 to 13,800 feet as mentioned by Dr. Güssfeldt.

1921 Geogr. Jrnl. 58 18 On our last expedition in August 1920 we found small snow penitentes on the northern glaciers.

1979 L. Brown Encounters with Nature viii. 117 Those ice formations in the Antarctic, created by wind, called ‘penitentes’.

1991 Erdkunde 45 264/1 Due to a high rate of both evaporation and sublimation penitentes are built up episodically in regions over 2800 m a.s.l. [i.e. above sea level] during periods with cold air.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	penitente
释义	Penitenten. Brit. /ˌpɛnɪˈtɛnteɪ/, U.S. /ˌpɛnəˈtɛn(t)eɪ/ Forms: also with lower-case initial. Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish penitente. Etymology: < Spanish penitente penitent (late 14th or early 15th cent.), also in transferred use in sense 2 (1882), apparently on account of the resemblance of the peak to a penitent's cowl (compare quot. 1954 at penitent n. 5) < classical Latin penitent- , penitēns penitent n. 1. A member of a religious society of flagellants in the south-western United States, which flourished primarily in the 19th cent.The Penitentes probably originated as an offshoot of a Franciscan Third Order. ΚΠ 1838 ‘Texian’ Mexico vs. Texas vi. 79 [The procession] is rendered shocking and repulsive, by penitentes, who walk at the head of the cortege, naked from the waist upwards. 1881 C. M. Chase Editor's Run in New Mexico 114 At the lower end of the habitations we found the Penitente church, a mud house. 1923 D. H. Lawrence Birds, Beasts & Flowers (N.Y. ed.) 167 The Penitentes lash themselves till they run with blood In their efforts to come awake for one moment. 1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) Penitentes..practice self-castigation and other cruel rites (until 1896 crucifixion) during Holy Week. Though condemned (1889) by the Roman Catholic Church to which they belonged, the Penitentes still exist in some places, and carry on their practices in secret. 1992 N.Y. Times 8 Nov. v. 15/2 Although they are nowadays much more moderately inclined, Penitentes can still be found in the area, but they are given to secrecy. 2. Physical Geography. With lower-case initial. = penitent n. 5. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > snow > [noun] > an accumulation or expanse of snow > other formations sastruga1840 snow roller1866 penitent1887 Penitente1887 1887 Proc. Royal Geogr. Soc. 9 249 Dr. Plagemann found the ‘penitentes’ or ‘penitents,’ those curious conical snow-formations in the same high zone of from 11,500 to 13,800 feet as mentioned by Dr. Güssfeldt. 1921 Geogr. Jrnl. 58 18 On our last expedition in August 1920 we found small snow penitentes on the northern glaciers. 1979 L. Brown Encounters with Nature viii. 117 Those ice formations in the Antarctic, created by wind, called ‘penitentes’. 1991 Erdkunde 45 264/1 Due to a high rate of both evaporation and sublimation penitentes are built up episodically in regions over 2800 m a.s.l. [i.e. above sea level] during periods with cold air. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1838
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