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单词 pend
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pendn.1

Brit. /pɛnd/, U.S. /pɛnd/
Forms: Middle English–1500s pende, 1800s– pend.
Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: pound n.2
Etymology: Apparently the regional (south-eastern and East Anglian) reflex of an Old English (i-mutated) by-form of pound n.2 Compare Middle Low German pend pond (one isolated attestation in a 15th-cent. translation of an Old Frisian document). Compare pend v.2, and also pent n.1Attested earlier in place names and surnames (variously in senses ‘enclosure’, ‘harbour’, and ‘pond’), e.g. (in place names) Frodeshammespend (811; Kent, now lost; also Flothamespynd (a1200 in a later version of the same 9th-cent. charter)), Pende (c1250; with reference to an old harbour on the Sussex coast, whose name survives in the nearby Pen Hill, Sussex), la Pende (1259; now Pendell Court, Surrey), Westpende (a1272; with reference to the mill-pond at West Mill, Southover, Sussex); and (in surnames from Sussex, Surrey, and Hertfordshire) Sim. de la Pende (1261), Ralph de la Pende (1294), etc. Compare also south-eastern place names with the element pand, which appears to be a variant of this word, as Pandmad (1198; Essex, now lost), Pandland (1235; Essex, now lost), la Pande (13th cent.; now Pann Mill, Buckinghamshire; also Penmell (1344)).
Now English regional (East Anglian).
†1. A pond, a pool. Cf. pound n.2 4. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1350 (?c1225) King Horn (Harl.) (1901) 1138 (MED) Min net lyht her wel hende wiþ inne a wel feyr pende [c1300 Laud ponde].
†2. An enclosure, a coop. Cf. pound n.2 1. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > animal enclosure or house general > [noun] > enclosure > fold or pen
folda700
lockeOE
pen1227
foldingc1440
pend1542
cub1548
hull1570
corral1582
boolya1599
ree1674
crew1681
reeve1720
stell1766
pound1779
kraal1796
fank1812
poundage1866
forcing-yard1890
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 120v The facion or lykenesse..of a pende, wherein to kepe other beastes.
3. English regional (East Anglian). Pressure, strain; an awkward or difficult situation. Cf. pinch n. 7b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > oppression, persecution, or affliction > overpowering pressure of an adverse force
stressc1400
distress1485
thrust1513
straint1534
heft1587
pinchc1594
rack1806
pend1823
water stress1991
1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 272 ‘There's the pend’: the point of pressure.
1879 Arch. 8 172 He helps me in a pend.
1960 A. O. D. Claxton Suffolk Dial. 20th Cent. (ed. 2) 59 Pend, pressure, strain, stress... ‘Tha's where the pend is.’
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

pendn.2

Brit. /pɛnd/, U.S. /pɛnd/, Scottish English /pɛnd/
Forms: pre-1700 peind, pre-1700 pende, pre-1700 1700s– pend, pre-1700 1800s penn, 1800s– pen.
Origin: Probably formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pend v.4
Etymology: Probably < pend v.4
Scottish.
1.
a. An arch, an archway; an arched or vaulted roof or canopy; the vaulted ground floor of a tower or fortified building; a covered passage or entry; (in later use) esp. one leading off a street frontage.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > arch > [noun]
arch1387
pend1454
pending1491
arcade1762
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [noun] > types of roof generally
vaulta1387
plat-roofa1425
pend1454
faunsere1460
compassed roofa1552
terrace1572
sotie1578
crown1588
arch-roof1594
arch1609
under-roof1611
concameration1644
voltoa1660
hip roof1663
French roof1669
oversail1673
jerkinhead1703
mansard1704
curb-roof1733
shed roof1736
gable roof1759
gambrel roof1761
living roof1792
pent roof1794
span-roof1823
wagon-head1823
azotea1824
rafter roof1825
rooflet1825
wagon-vault1835
bell-roof1842
spire-roof1842
cradle-roof1845
packsaddle roof1845
open roof1847
umbrella roof1847
gambrel1848
packsaddle1848
compass-roof1849
saddleback1849
saddle roof1850
curbed roof1866
wagon-roof1866
saw-tooth roof1900
trough roof1905
skillion roof1911
north-light roof1923
shell roof1954
green roof1984
knee-roof-
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > [noun] > floor or storey > ground floor > vaulted
pend1568
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > passage or corridor > [noun]
alley1363
tresance1428
passagea1525
gallery1541
trance1545
through-passage1575
lobby1596
passageway?1606
conduit1624
gangway1702
vista1708
glidec1710
aisle1734
gallery1756
corridor1814
traverse1822
heck1825
rotunda1847
scutchell1847
zaguan1851
aisleway1868
pend1893
dogtrot1901
fairway1903
dog run1904
dog walk1938
walkout1947
coulisse1949
1454 in J. Robertson Liber Collegii Glasguensis (1846) 178 Thair bodyis and banys tyll be sepulturyt at the north end of the said alter..and tyll mak a pend as he or thai lykis.
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. viii. 50 He ordanit twa preistis to be caryit in ane chariot, maid in maner of ane pend abone þare hede [L. curru arcuato].
1568 in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1928) III. 268 I..kest my self rycht with ane mychtie bend Outthruch þe volt and percit nocht þe pend.
1616 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1848) II. 338 Twa pilleris and thrie bowis, fynelie wrocht with chapture heidis at the beginning of the symmeris of the pendis.
1635 D. Person Varieties i. 33 Mahomet his Chest of Iron..doth hang miraculously unsupported of any thing, because either the pend or some verticall stone of the Vault..is of Loadstone.
c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 313 At the wastend of the pend, quhairon the gryte stepill standis.
1700 in H. Armet Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1962) XII. 264 The manner of the former pends of the meal mercat being too low.
1770 P. Forbes Jrnls. Episcopal Visitations (1886) 307 Join'd to the north wall stood the building now called the College,..the Pend still entire.
1893 R. L. Stevenson Catriona i. 4 We took shelter under a pend at the head of a close or alley.
a1917 E. C. Smith Mang Howes & Knowes (1925) 11 The bonnie Teviot..gleidin neth the pends.
1935 G. Blake Shipbuilders v. 146 Returning home to enter the big kitchen of the house in the pend off Argyle Street.
2003 M. Devine Old Busby 8 These two-storey houses were entered through a ‘pend’ with outside toilets under the stairs and on the upper stair landing.
†b. figurative. The vault of heaven. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > sky, heavens > [noun]
roofeOE
welkinc825
heaveneOE
heightOE
heavenOE
liftOE
loftOE
welkin1122
skies?a1289
firmamentc1290
skewa1300
spherea1300
skewsc1320
hemispherec1374
cope of heavenc1380
clouda1400
skya1425
elementc1485
axle-treea1522
scrowc1540
pole1572
horizona1577
vaulta1586
round?1593
the cope1596
pend1599
floor1600
canopy1604
cope1609
expansion1611
concameration1625
convex1627
concave1635
expansum1635
blue1647
the expanse1667
blue blanket1726
empyrean1727
carry1788
span1803
overhead1865
1599 A. Hume Hymnes sig. C4 Begaried is the saphire pend, With spraings of skarlet hew.
1663 G. Mackenzie Religio Stoici 2 The stately fabrick of heavens arched Pend.
1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 43 Throu' Aurora's gildet gate,..And up the pend, at furious rate.
2. A covered sewer or drain, a conduit.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > sanitation > provision of sewers > [noun] > sewer
cockey1390
gutterc1440
soughc1440
sew1475
withdraught1493
sink1499
syre1513
closet1531
draught1533
vault1533
drain1552
fleet1583
issue1588
drainer1598
guzzle1598
shore1598
sewer1609
vennel1641
cloaca1656
cuniculus1670
pend1817
thurrock1847
sewer line1977
1817 W. Caesar Poems 114 Let them wha likes mak road or pen.
1834 Mrs. Maxwell Let. 5 Apr. in Life J. C. Maxwell ii. 27 The water gets from the pond through the wall and a pend or small bridge.
1930 Border Mag. Aug. 117 Doon a drain, up a pend, on the chance of a rat.
1945 B. Fergusson Lowland Soldier 56 And the Scots firs stick and pithy, And the water in the blocked pens.

Compounds

pend close n. an arched passage.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > lane > [noun] > between buildings
twitchenOE
chare12..
shut1300
alley1360
entryc1405
wyndc1425
vennel1435
trance1545
row1599
ginnel1669
ruelle1679
gangway1785
pend close1819
ope1825
jitty1836
scutchell1847
gully1849
bolt1855
opeway1881
snicket1898
jigger1902
jowler1961
1819 Edinb. Evening Courant 17 July 4 A Dwelling-House of three stories, in the Pend Close, adjoining to the above.
1904 ‘H. Foulis’ Erchie xxiii Twenty yairds to the richt o' a pend-close wi' a barrow in't.
2003 Evening Times (Glasgow) 16 Jan. 19 We slipped through a pend close to the main entrance.
pend-mouth n. the entrance to a pend.
ΚΠ
1880 Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (new ed.) Pen-mouth, The entrance of a pend or covered gateway.
1951 G. Rae Howe o' Braefit 39 Davie, staun at the pen-mooth, like a man, till I mak' shair.
† pend stone n. Obsolete a stone cut or shaped to form part of an arch, a voussoir.
ΚΠ
1535 MS Rec. Aberdeen XV, in Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (1880) III. 469/1 Fyw scoir of pendstanis & vj scoir xv. laidis of wall stanis.
1680 Stirling Common Good f. 153v For hewing of une [? read nine] pend stones to put in the volt..& mending the tuo louping on stones.
1833 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Cottage Archit. 492 The arches to have pen stones (arch stones) to go through the full thickness of the wall.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† pendn.3

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pend v.3
Etymology: < pend v.3 With sense 1 compare earlier pendant n. 3.With sense 2 compare earlier pendle n.1 and slightly earlier pand n. With sense 3 compare pend v.3 3, 4; compare also French pente (1588 in Middle French in this sense: see pent n.2).
Scottish. Obsolete.
1. An object, esp. a piece of jewellery, which hangs from something else; = pendant n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > [noun] > pendant ornaments
pendantc1400
tasselc1400
tarsel1459
pend1488
pendace1488
drop1502
pendle1567
tag1570
tasse1570
tasselet1577
lustre1682
fiocco1694
dewdrop1880
1488 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 82 Item, a brasselat of gold with hede and pendes of gold.
1507 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1901) III. 263 Item, for j pair of silver bukkilles with pendes gilt for the Kingis schone.
1568 in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1928) III. 295 Hir belt suld be of bowsumnes,..Baith heid and pendes with hartlines, Inemmellit weill with all.
2. A hanging curtain or valance round a bed; = pand n.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > bed > bedding > [noun] > hangings or valance
valancea1475
frontal1539
subbasmont1539
headcloth1545
pand1561
subpand1561
pend1578
sparvise1598
valencea1604
foot piece1653
valent1888
1578 in W. Hunter Biggar & House of Fleming (1862) xxvi. 332 Ane pend of purpour weluot pasmentit wt siluer.
1603 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1884) 1st Ser. VI. 576 Ane fair wrocht pend for ane bed wantand the heid and bak pend.
3. An inclination, tendency, or impetus. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > [noun]
kinda1200
disposingc1380
disposition1393
aptc1400
hieldc1400
remotiona1425
inclination?a1439
incliningc1450
taste1477
intendment1509
benta1535
swing1538
approclivity1546
aptness1548
swinge1548
drift1549
set1567
addiction1570
disposedness1583
swaya1586
leaning1587
intention1594
inflection1597
inclinableness1608
appetite1626
vogue1626
tendency1628
tendence1632
aptitude1633
gravitation1644
propension1644
biasing1645
conducement1646
flexure1652
propendency1660
tend1663
vergencya1665
pend1674
to have a way of1748
polarity1767
appetency1802
drive1885
overleaning1896
1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 65 But we are at no such pend, as we should be fain to fly to either the one or the other.
1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 119 A pend or earnest strift fromwards, which we call springsomness.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

† pendv.1

Forms: Middle English pend, Middle English pended (past tense), Middle English pent (past tense), Middle English pented (past tense).
Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: French pendre ; append v.1; French apendre.
Etymology: Either < Anglo-Norman pendre (beginning of the 13th cent. or earlier in this sense), or aphetic < append v.1 or its etymon Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French apendre.
Obsolete.
intransitive. To belong or pertain to.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > relevance or pertinence > [verb (intransitive)]
belimpOE
beholda1067
belielOE
pertaina1325
pendc1330
appendc1386
appertainc1386
holdc1430
pretenda1470
recorda1500
depend1525
extenda1533
inherea1628
to make to ——1645
apply1741
the mind > possession > owning > own [verb (transitive)] > belong to
pendc1330
toucha1375
move1438
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1090 (MED) A word þat pended to pride Tristrem, þo spac he.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 1270 (MED) Þenne ran þay to þe relykes as robbors wylde, And pyled alle þe apparement þat pented to þe kyrke.
c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure 1612 Beteche þam þe proueste in presens of lordez O payne and o perell that pendes theretoo.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 246 (MED) Herode..coud fynd with nokyns gyn Nothyng herapon that pent to any syn.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

pendv.2

Brit. /pɛnd/, U.S. /pɛnd/
Forms: late Middle English peynde (Norfolk), late Middle English (Norfolk)–1500s pende, 1500s 1800s– pend, 1800s y-pent (past participle, archaic).
Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: pind v.
Etymology: Originally a regional (south-eastern and East Anglian) variant of pind v. Compare pend n.1, and also pent n.1, pent adj.
†1. transitive. To shut in or pen; to confine, limit. Frequently with up. Cf. pind v. 1. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > confinement > confine [verb (transitive)]
beloukOE
loukOE
sparc1175
pena1200
bepen?c1225
pind?c1225
prison?c1225
spearc1300
stopc1315
restraina1325
aclosec1350
forbara1375
reclosea1382
ward1390
enclose1393
locka1400
reclusea1400
pinc1400
sparc1430
hamperc1440
umbecastc1440
murea1450
penda1450
mew?c1450
to shut inc1460
encharter1484
to shut up1490
bara1500
hedge1549
hema1552
impound1562
strain1566
chamber1568
to lock up1568
coop1570
incarcerate1575
cage1577
mew1581
kennel1582
coop1583
encagea1586
pound1589
imprisonc1595
encloister1596
button1598
immure1598
seclude1598
uplock1600
stow1602
confine1603
jail1604
hearse1608
bail1609
hasp1620
cub1621
secure1621
incarcera1653
fasten1658
to keep up1673
nun1753
mope1765
quarantine1804
peg1824
penfold1851
encoop1867
oubliette1884
jigger1887
corral1890
maroon1904
to bang up1950
to lock down1971
a1450 Castle Perseverance (1969) l. 1244 Mekyl myrþe I moue in mynde..My prowd pouer schal I not pende Tyl I be putte in peynys pyt.
c1535 Ploughman's Tale ii. sig. B.ivv Wel worse they woll hym tere And in prysone woll hem [1561 him] pende.
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 120 Suche frowarde creatures as many women are ought rather to bee pended up in a caige of iron.
1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. (xxi. 12) God wil pend them up in some corner.
1839 C. Kingsley In Illum. Missal in Poems 7 My love..Have I within this seely book y-pent.
2. intransitive. To pinch, be constricting. Also: to press or beat down. Cf. pend n.1 3. Now English regional (East Anglian).
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > pressing, pressure, or squeezing > press, squeeze, or pinch [verb (intransitive)]
thuda1225
pend?a1475
nipa1500
squeeze1692
squidge1881
mash1903
?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 302 (MED) The frelte of my mankende With stronge peyn..gynnyth to peynde; ha, dere fadyr, haue me in mende and lete deth my sorwe slake.
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Pend, to press or pinch. Commonly said of apparel which does not fit. Ex. ‘The shoe pends here.’
1923 E. Gepp Essex Dial. Dict. (ed. 2) 85 Th' owd sun do pend down on th' ruff.
1960 A. O. D. Claxton Suffolk Dial. 20th Cent. (ed. 2) (at cited word) Th' shew (shoe) pend over my tom toe.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

pendv.3

Brit. /pɛnd/, U.S. /pɛnd/
Forms: 1500s pende, 1600s– pend; Scottish pre-1700 pende, pre-1700 1800s– pend.
Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Probably also partly a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Probably also partly formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymons: French pendre ; Latin pendere , pendēre ; append v.2; depend v.1
Etymology: < Middle French pendre to hang, be suspended (late 10th cent. in Old French; French pendre) and its etymon post-classical Latin pendere for classical Latin pendēre to hang, of uncertain origin. In branch II. after pending prep. and adj.1In some instances probably aphetic < append v.2, or shortened < depend v.1
I. Uses related to hanging or depending.
†1. intransitive. To hang down; to be appended. Also (occasionally) transitive: to cause to hang. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > support > hanging or suspension > hang or suspend [verb (transitive)] > hang or attach as a pendant
pend1480
append1646
the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by hanging
pend1660
the world > space > relative position > support > hanging or suspension > hang or be suspended [verb (intransitive)] > hang down
falleOE
depend?1518
fag1555
pend1834
1480 Acts Lords of Council I. 52/1 The seele that pendis at the said letter.
1568 W. Dunbar in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1930) IV. 31 Thair seilis ar to pendit [a1586 selis thairto appendit].
1660 Scutum Regale: Royal Buckler 112 The Cynical Puritan would hang him..the Independent would pende him if he did not solely depend on him as on God almighty.
1834 G. Bennett Wanderings New S. Wales I. 343 The tentaculae or feelers, which pend from about the external part of the mouth.
1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table xi. 307 The foles, languescent, pend from arid rames.
2. intransitive. Now colloquial. To depend on or upon.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > result [verb (intransitive)] > depend
depend1413
rest1530
penda1540
stay1549
to consist by1567
consist1588
suspend1608
to roll on ——1707
hinge1719
pivot1872
a1540 (c1460) G. Hay tr. Bk. King Alexander 7367 In Pers, in Grece, in Tyre and Macedone With all the landis that pendis thame apoun.
1556 J. Heywood Spider & Flie xxxix. 19 So that woorshipfulnes: and honestnes, Do pende ech on other.
1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. N2v But if we grant,..that the souls energie Pends not on this base corse.
1848 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 3) 256 Principles and doctrines pending not Upon the action of the poem here.
1890 A. C. Bickley Midst Surrey Hills I. i. 9 'Pend on't, Maister Vaggetter.
1928 E. C. L. Adams Nigger to Nigger ii. 64 Dey 'pend on her.
1991 D. Richler Kicking Tomorrow vii. 106 No. I mean, yes! Pends on the person, I guess.
†3. intransitive. To overhang, lean, incline. Obsolete. rare. (In later use English regional (East Anglian).)
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > inclination > incline or be oblique [verb (intransitive)] > lean over
hieldc888
leanOE
stoopc1000
clinea1400
incline?c1400
acclinea1425
overheldc1450
paunch1577
sway1577
pend1674
list1929
1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge v. 121 It asks some time to heave or pend in, before it actually starts.
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) (at cited word) ‘The wall pends this way.’
†4. intransitive. To impend; to be imminent; to gain impetus. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1791 T. Paine Rights of Man i. 27 It was at the moment that this storm was pending (July 11) that a declaration of rights was brought forward by M. de la Fayette.
1806 Glencore Tower I. 181 A dreadful blow pending over thee.
†5. intransitive. literary. To be situated, repose. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1802 A. Radcliffe Gaston de Blondeville in Posthumous Wks. (1826) II. 149 To that great tower, still called of Cæsar, which was the keep; on it pended the prison-turret of the merchant.
II. Uses related to pending prep. and adj.1
6. intransitive. To await conclusion or resolution.
ΚΠ
1890 H. D. Traill Sat. Songs 88 And while my slow decision pends, Doubt everywhere distracts his friends.
1991 Bellcore Insight Summer 9/2 While patents are pending—and they pend in secrecy in the United States Patent Office—Suchyta's office sends out copies of patent applications.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† pendv.4

Forms: pre-1700 pende, pre-1700 1700s pend, 1700s penn.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Apparently either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French pendre; Latin pendēre.
Etymology: Apparently < French pendre or its etymon classical Latin pendēre to hang (see pend v.3). Compare pend n.2
Scottish. Obsolete.
transitive. To arch, arch over, vault.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > arch > [verb (transitive)] > form a vault or arch over
pend1535
vault1667
1535 ( in W. Fraser Registrum Monasterii Cambuskenneth (1872) 127 That they may lefully in his said west wall..sett corballis.., lay guttaris.., and pend brasis to be flure to kechingis or sic small housing.
1553 in W. Cramond Ann. Banff (1891) I. 31 For lyme to mend the porche dwir and to pend it.
1612 in A. Maxwell Hist. Old Dundee (1884) 177 He sall pend sufficiently the twa side walls..for receiving of the water within the house.
c1686 R. Law Memorialls (1818) 216 Major Learmont..was taken..in a vault which he diged under ground, and penned for his hiding.
1719 G. Gourlay Anstruther (1888) 32 As much money of his own as will sufficiently pend the Cunzie Burn, and make the same passable either by carts or wains.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

pendv.5

Brit. /pɛnd/, U.S. /pɛnd/
Origin: Formed within English, by back-formation. Etymon: pending adj.1
Etymology: Back-formation < pending adj.1
Chiefly Business.
transitive. To treat as pending; to postpone deciding on or attending to; to defer.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > delay [verb (transitive)] > for later treatment or consideration
reservec1384
to put in suspense1421
resplait1447
to put in resplait1452
to leave over?c1475
sleep1519
refer1559
suspend1581
seposit1657
pigeonhole1840
shelve1847
table1849
pend1953
1953 P. Frankau Winged Horse iii. i. 178 Why didn't you ask J.G. to pend it till New Year?
1970 New Scientist 16 July 134 It has done this by ‘pending’ the settlement of nine patent applications.
2003 Westchester County (N.Y.) Business Jrnl. (Nexis) 17 Mar. 15 At times, claims are pended because of coordination of benefits or other issues, and they may be delayed somewhat.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1a1350n.21454n.31488v.1c1330v.2a1450v.31480v.41535v.51953
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