perioecusn.

Brit.

/ˌpɛrɪˈiːkəs/, U.S.

/ˌpɛriˈikəs/

Forms: Plural 1500s perieces, 1600s– perioeci Brit.

/pɛrɪˈiːsʌɪ/, U.S.

/ˌpɛriˈisaɪ/, 1600s–1800s periaeci, 1900s– perioikoi Brit.

/pɛrɪˈɔɪkɔɪ/, U.S.

/ˌpɛriˈɔɪkɔɪ/, 2000s– perioekoi (rare), 2000s– perioici (rare). Singular 1800s– perioecus, 1800s– perioekus, 1900s– perioikos Brit.

/pɛrɪˈɔɪkəs/, U.S.

/ˌpɛriˈɔɪkəs/, 2000s– perioekos. Also with capital initial.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin perioeci; Greek περίοικοι; French perieces.

Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin perioeci (plural) people dwelling at the same latitude but at the opposite or a different meridian (15th cent.) and its etymon (ii) ancient Greek περίοικοι neighbours, inhabitants of dependent towns, subjects, especially of Sparta or Crete, in Hellenistic Greek also people dwelling at the same latitude but at the opposite or a different meridian, use as noun of plural of περίοικος , literally ‘dwelling round, neighbouring’ < περι- peri- prefix + οἶκος house, dwelling (see oecist n.). In quot. 1594 at sense 1 via Middle French perieces, plural (1576 in the passage translated). Compare French périœciens , plural (1642; 1576 in Middle French as perieciens ), périèques , plural (1864 or earlier in sense 2).

†1. A person dwelling at the same latitude as another, but at the opposite or a different meridian; (figurative) a direct opposite, an antithesis. Chiefly in plural. Cf. antoeci n. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > [noun] > of earth > of same parallel or meridian

antoeci1568

antoecian1594

perioecus1594

antiscian1842

1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course xi. f. 123^v In our time the Castilians haue sayled beyond the Canaries, and bearing towardes the West, passed vnto our Perieces [Fr. à nos Perieces].

1610 J. Healey tr. J. L. Vives in tr. St. Augustine Citie of God xvi. ix. 584 Called Periæci, circumferentiall inhabitants [περίοικοι, id est, circumcolae].

1625 P. Heylyn Μικρόκοσμος (rev. ed.) 10 Perioeci are such as dwell in the same parallel, on the same side of the Æquator, how distant soeuer they be East and West.

a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) i. 25 Fools, which are Antipodes unto the Wise, conceive themselves to be but their Periœci, and in the same parallel with them.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I. (at cited word) Periœci..have the same Seasons of the Year..at the very same time; as also the same Length of Days and Nights.

1784 J. H. Moore Pract. Navigator (ed. 8) 43 The Periæci are those people of the Earth who live under the same Parallels, but opposite Meridians.

2. Ancient Greek History. A member of a community in the area surrounding a city, usually having the status of a half-citizen, subject, or slave. Chiefly in plural.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > town- or city-dweller > [noun] > dweller outside town or city > collectively

out-folk1493

perioecus1846

1846 G. Grote Hist. Greece II. ii. vi. 483 The Periœkus was also a freeman and a citizen not of Sparta, but of some one of the hundred townships of Laconia.

1867 E. H. Plumtre in tr. Sophocles Tragedies 327 (note) In Sparta it [sc. the bow and arrow] was used only by the Perioeci.

1896 A. H. J. Greenidge Handbk. Greek Const. Hist. 81 We occasionally find a perioecus in very high command..although..never in a position which subordinates a Spartan to his control.

1949 Oxf. Classical Dict. 665/1 Perioikoi were found in Argolis, Crete, Elis, Thessaly, and elsewhere, but those of Sparta are the best known.

1979 P. A. Cartledge Sparta & Lakonia x. 184 If he was a Lakonian..his name..seems more appropriate for a citizen than a Perioikos.

1999 S. M. Burnstein et al. Anc. Greece 136 Like the Laconians, some of the Messenians became perioikoi, but most became helots.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	perioecus
释义	perioecusn. Brit. /ˌpɛrɪˈiːkəs/, U.S. /ˌpɛriˈikəs/ Forms: Plural 1500s perieces, 1600s– perioeci Brit. /pɛrɪˈiːsʌɪ/, U.S. /ˌpɛriˈisaɪ/, 1600s–1800s periaeci, 1900s– perioikoi Brit. /pɛrɪˈɔɪkɔɪ/, U.S. /ˌpɛriˈɔɪkɔɪ/, 2000s– perioekoi (rare), 2000s– perioici (rare). Singular 1800s– perioecus, 1800s– perioekus, 1900s– perioikos Brit. /pɛrɪˈɔɪkəs/, U.S. /ˌpɛriˈɔɪkəs/, 2000s– perioekos. Also with capital initial. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin perioeci; Greek περίοικοι; French perieces. Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin perioeci (plural) people dwelling at the same latitude but at the opposite or a different meridian (15th cent.) and its etymon (ii) ancient Greek περίοικοι neighbours, inhabitants of dependent towns, subjects, especially of Sparta or Crete, in Hellenistic Greek also people dwelling at the same latitude but at the opposite or a different meridian, use as noun of plural of περίοικος , literally ‘dwelling round, neighbouring’ < περι- peri- prefix + οἶκος house, dwelling (see oecist n.). In quot. 1594 at sense 1 via Middle French perieces, plural (1576 in the passage translated). Compare French périœciens , plural (1642; 1576 in Middle French as perieciens ), périèques , plural (1864 or earlier in sense 2). †1. A person dwelling at the same latitude as another, but at the opposite or a different meridian; (figurative) a direct opposite, an antithesis. Chiefly in plural. Cf. antoeci n. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > [noun] > of earth > of same parallel or meridian antoeci1568 antoecian1594 perioecus1594 antiscian1842 1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course xi. f. 123^v In our time the Castilians haue sayled beyond the Canaries, and bearing towardes the West, passed vnto our Perieces [Fr. à nos Perieces]. 1610 J. Healey tr. J. L. Vives in tr. St. Augustine Citie of God xvi. ix. 584 Called Periæci, circumferentiall inhabitants [περίοικοι, id est, circumcolae]. 1625 P. Heylyn Μικρόκοσμος (rev. ed.) 10 Perioeci are such as dwell in the same parallel, on the same side of the Æquator, how distant soeuer they be East and West. a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) i. 25 Fools, which are Antipodes unto the Wise, conceive themselves to be but their Periœci, and in the same parallel with them. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I. (at cited word) Periœci..have the same Seasons of the Year..at the very same time; as also the same Length of Days and Nights. 1784 J. H. Moore Pract. Navigator (ed. 8) 43 The Periæci are those people of the Earth who live under the same Parallels, but opposite Meridians. 2. Ancient Greek History. A member of a community in the area surrounding a city, usually having the status of a half-citizen, subject, or slave. Chiefly in plural. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > town- or city-dweller > [noun] > dweller outside town or city > collectively out-folk1493 perioecus1846 1846 G. Grote Hist. Greece II. ii. vi. 483 The Periœkus was also a freeman and a citizen not of Sparta, but of some one of the hundred townships of Laconia. 1867 E. H. Plumtre in tr. Sophocles Tragedies 327 (note) In Sparta it [sc. the bow and arrow] was used only by the Perioeci. 1896 A. H. J. Greenidge Handbk. Greek Const. Hist. 81 We occasionally find a perioecus in very high command..although..never in a position which subordinates a Spartan to his control. 1949 Oxf. Classical Dict. 665/1 Perioikoi were found in Argolis, Crete, Elis, Thessaly, and elsewhere, but those of Sparta are the best known. 1979 P. A. Cartledge Sparta & Lakonia x. 184 If he was a Lakonian..his name..seems more appropriate for a citizen than a Perioikos. 1999 S. M. Burnstein et al. Anc. Greece 136 Like the Laconians, some of the Messenians became perioikoi, but most became helots. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1594
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