pestn.

Brit.

/pɛst/, U.S.

/pɛst/

Forms: 1500s peste, 1600s– pest; Scottish pre-1700 best, pre-1700 beste, pre-1700 peist, pre-1700 1700s– pest.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French peste.

Etymology: < Middle French, French peste epidemic, bubonic plague (c1460), a person who causes trouble (c1475), scourge (c1500) < classical Latin pestis plague, pestilence, instrument of death or destruction, source of damage, nuisance, of unknown origin. Compare Old Occitan peste (1475), Catalan pesta (1507; also as †peste), Spanish peste (1410 or earlier), Portuguese peste (beginning of the 16th cent.), Italian peste epidemic, bubonic plague (a1327), calamity (first half of the 14th cent.), troublesome person (a1556).With (a) pest on at sense 1b compare French peste de —, (la) peste soit de — (1649 as peste de la sote; compare the earlier imprecation la peste l'estouffe, literally ‘may the plague choke him’ (1579)). Use in imprecations is also attested for Spanish peste and Catalan pesta (both from the 17th cent.).

a. A fatal epidemic disease; pestilence; spec. bubonic plague. Frequently with the. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > plague or pestilence > [noun]

manqualmeOE

deathOE

starveOE

woundc1369

pestilencea1382

murraina1387

mortality?a1425

plaguea1475

pest1479

cladec1480

traik1513

mortalness1530

pestility1570

1479 in G. Neilson & H. Paton Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1918) II. p. cxxxiv Sessioune stoppit quhill Merche in respect of the pest.

1568 G. Skeyne Breue Descriptioun Pest i. sig. A2^v Ane pest is the corruptioun or infectioun of y^e Air.

a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. 204 Moreover, within the Castell was the pest, (and diverse thairin dyed).

1614 A. S. in T. Overbury et al. Wife now Widdow Answer to Very Country Newes sig. G3 Liuing neere the churchyard, where many are buried of the pest.

c1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 468 After he had been but one yeare in Mr John Russell's house the pest came to Edinburgh.

1715 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad I. i. 192 Let fierce Achilles, dreadful in his Rage, The God propitiate, and the Pest asswage.

a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) II. 108 There came a dark infectious pest To break the hamlet's tranquil rest.

1851 G. Outram Legal Lyrics 17 She's fever proof—The pest walked o'er her very roof.

1999 Renaissance Q. 52 478 For these reasons, Martin prefers not to talk of ‘plague’, but of ‘pest’, the ambiguous term employed by contemporaries.

b. As a curse. (a) pest on (also (a) pest upon, (a) pest take): may a plague light upon. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > malediction > oaths > [interjection] > oaths other than religious or obscene > imprecations

woeOE

dahetc1290

confoundc1330

foul (also shame) fall ——c1330

sorrow on——c1330

in the wanianda1352

wildfirea1375

evil theedomc1386

a pestilence on (also upon)c1390

woe betide you (also him, her, etc.)c1390

maldathaita1400

murrainc1400

out ona1415

in the wild waning worldc1485

vengeance?a1500

in a wanion1549

with a wanion1549

woe worth1553

a plague on——a1566

with a wanion to?c1570

with a wanyand1570

bot1584

maugre1590

poxa1592

death1593

rot1594

rot on1595

cancro1597

pax1604

pize on (also upon)1605

vild1605

peascod1606

cargo1607

confusion1608

perditiona1616

(a) pest upon1632

deuce1651

stap my vitals1697

strike me blind, dumb, lucky (if, but—)1697

stop my vitals1699

split me (or my windpipe)1700

rabbit1701

consume1756

capot me!1760

nick me!1760

weary set1788

rats1816

bad cess to1859

curse1885

hanged1887

buggeration1964

?1553 Respublica (1952) v. ii. 44 Resp. yea bothe mercie and verytee. Avar. A pestle on them bothe saving my Charitee.]

1632 T. Heywood 2nd Pt. Iron Age ii. i A hot Pest take the strumpet.

1798 J. Baillie Tryal iii. i, in Series Plays Stronger Passions I. 244 Pest take her!

1843 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last of Barons II. iv. vi. 76 ‘Pest on these Burgundians!’ answered Clarence.

1852 W. M. Thackeray Let. 5–6 July (1946) III. 59 Pest take it. I began instantly to write something to cover the loss.

1969 V. Nabokov Ada ii. v. 367 Who wrote that?.. A pest on his anapest!

1991 Advertiser (Adelaide) (Nexis) 16 Mar. A pest upon people who would dare derail my dreams!

2. figurative (originally Scottish). A person who or thing which is destructive, noxious, or troublesome; the bane of something. In later use also: an annoying person or thing; a nuisance.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being harassed > [noun] > one who or that which harasses

pursuera1382

running sore1453

pesta1522

gall1537

grater1549

plaguer1598

afflicter1600

inflicter1605

a thorn in the flesh or side1611

incubus1648

cumber1669

harasser1707

scunner1796

tin kettle1796

pester1810

pesterer1824

baitera1845

pestilence1886

nudnik1916

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xi. xv. 59 That this wench this vengeabill pest or trake Be bet dovn ded by my..strake.

a1586 Ces, Hart in W. A. Craigie Maitland Folio MS. (1919) I. clxxix. 442 Eschewand plesour as ane pest.

1610 King James VI & I Speach Whitehall xxj. March 1609 sig. B4 They that perswade them the contrary, are vipers, and pests, both against them and the Commonwealth.

1676 M. Lister in J. Ray Corr. (1848) 125 This sort of men being the bane and pest of learning.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 135. ⁋1 The Pests of Society, the Revilers of Humane Nature.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Pref. C5 The great pest of speech is frequency of translation.

?1810 R. B. Sheridan Let. (1966) III. 98 I am mustering every thing to sweep our present pests of servants out of the House.

1844 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. viii. 128 Putting down the pest of corruption.

1857 C. M. Yonge Cameos xlii, in Monthly Packet Aug. 115 Philippe IV, the Pest of France.

1938 C. Calloway Hi De Ho 16 Jeff, a pest, a bore, an icky.

1995 Denver Post 23 Apr. d4/1 Do become a regular phone visitor but don't become a pest.

3. Any animal, esp. an insect, that attacks or infests crops, livestock, stored goods, etc. Also (less commonly): a plant that is an invasive weed.

ΚΠ

1748 Philos. Trans. 1747 (Royal Soc.) 44 580 What makes this Pest the more deplorable, is the long Time of their Continuance in their Eruca, or most mischievous State.

1786 G. White Jrnl. 31 May (1970) xix. 277 Chafers abound: they are quite a pest this year at, & about Fyfield.

1865 D. Livingstone & C. Livingstone Narr. Exped. Zambesi vi. 152 To extirpate these destructive pests [sc. cockroaches].

1878 W. R. Gulfoyle Austral. Bot. 60 Cape weed—which has proved such a pest in many parts of Victoria.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 867 Mosquitoes, harvest bugs, and similar pests.

1912 B. E. Baughan Brown Bread from Colonial Oven iii. 48 ‘Missionary’, in the North Island is frequently an alternative spelling for ‘sweet~brier’, which is a pest.

1961 J. L. Cloudsley-Thompson & J. Sankey Land Invertebr. v. 65 Blaniulus guttulatus... The ‘spotted snake-millipede’ a well-known agricultural pest.

2002 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 96 617 The International Plant Protection Convention..controls pests of plants and plant products and aims at preventing their spread.

Compounds

C1.

pest-free adj.

ΚΠ

1900 New Eng. Mag. Feb. 688/2 Taxing his eyes to find out if he may the last remnant of infestation in some difficult region almost pest-free.

1996 Mail on Sunday 28 Apr. 62/4 Asparagus is almost pest-free.

pest worm n.

ΚΠ

1849 E. Cook Poems (ed. 2) III. 28 Do we not see the pest-worm steal The rose of Beauty to destroy?

1986 Sunset (Nexis) July 80 Other parasitic wasps include..several species of Trichogramma which parasitize the eggs of pest worms such as corn earworms and cabbage worms.

C2.

† pest-angel n. Obsolete rare an angel who protects against a plague or pestilence.

ΚΠ

1614 S. Purchas Pilgrimage (ed. 2) 216 In a generall pestilence they [sc. Jews] write in their chamber strange characters and wonderfull names, which (they say) are the names of Pest-angels.

pest-cart n. now historical a cart for carrying away the bodies of the dead during a plague or pestilence (also figurative).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > [noun] > for carrying dead bodies away > during a plague

pest-cart1603

pest-coach1665

1603 T. Dekker 1603: Wonderfull Yeare sig. D1^v After the world had once run vpon the wheeles of the Pest-cart.

1841 W. H. Ainsworth Old St. Pauls II. 68 The doleful bell announcing the approach of the pest-cart.

1924 Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. 39 697 The pest-cart, in which the noblest individuals, the finest embodiments of human ideal, are trundled off to a nameless and common grave.

pest-coach n. now historical a vehicle used to convey the infected to a plague hospital.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > [noun] > for carrying dead bodies away > during a plague

pest-cart1603

pest-coach1665

1665 S. Pepys Diary 3 Aug. (1972) VI. 181 They got one of the pest Coaches and put her into it to carry her to a pest-house.

1925 J. Parkes Trav. in Eng. in 17th Cent. vii. 202 Those whom business took to London..found the shops shut and the streets deserted, except for pest-coaches, coffins, and beggars.

pest control n. (a) the elimination or control of an insect or animal pest; (b) a person or body of people responsible for this work.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > pest control > [noun]

pest control1912

disinfestation1920

1912 Times 12 Aug. 4/4 He has failed to find in this country a single instance of pest control by natural enemies.

1983 J. Kelman Not Not While Giro 174 Fleas were the problem... The pest-control went round from door to door. Useless.

1997 Daily Tel. 5 Mar. 4/8 Biotechnologists hope that..they have found an environmentally-friendly method of pest control.

pest controller n. a person or animal responsible for eliminating or controlling an insect or animal pest; cf. pest control n. (b).

ΚΠ

1928 Welsh Jrnl. Agric. 4 387 The bulletin commences with a general estimation of the value of poultry as pest controllers.

1981 Oxf. Jrnl. 27 Feb. 6 Pest controllers are battling against a breed of ‘super-rats’ which are immune to normal poisons.

2011 J. Cohn Pest Control Worker i. 10 If one method of controlling pests can't do the job, pest controllers may find another that can.

pest hole n. a place that is infested with disease or vermin.

ΚΠ

1832 Times 10 Jan. 7/2 In moist and windy weather, the smell from this pest-hole contaminates the air at a mile's distance, even in Lambeth.

1905 J. E. Pope Clothing Industry in N.Y. vii. 199 Demand clothing which bears the Label of the United Garment Workers! It is a guarantee that the garment was made under healthy conditions, and was not a blanket on a sick-bed in a pest-hole.

2000 Cincinnati Enquirer (Nexis) 2 June a16 We will get to watch 16 people scheme and plot, covered with sweat and bugs in a tropical pest hole, as they eliminate each other in a quest for the loot.

pest man n. † (a) = pest-master n. (obsolete); (b) = pest officer n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > [noun] > good health > state of being conducive to > sanitariness > one in charge of getting rid of plague

pest man1614

pest-master1626

1614 T. Godwin Romanæ Historiæ Anthologia iii. ii. xiii. 130 Three Pest-men, which were to ouersee those that lay infected with any contagious sicknesse.

2004 Manly Daily (Austral.) (Nexis) 24 Jan. You know the experts to hire, the pest man, the electrician, and the engineer.

† pest-master n. Obsolete a person in charge of those infected with a plague, or of the arrangements for eliminating a plague.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > [noun] > good health > state of being conducive to > sanitariness > one in charge of getting rid of plague

pest man1614

pest-master1626

1626 G. Eglisham Forerunner of Revenge 16 He hath conferred with the skilfullest pestmasters.., who visit the bodyes of those that die of the venime of the pest.

pest officer n. a person who is responsible for the control or extermination of insect or animal pests.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > pest control > [noun] > one who

verminer1615

exterminator1870

pest officer1942

1942 Proc. Royal Soc. 1941–2 B. 130 479 Mr G. Roberts, Pest Officer of the Caernarvonshire War Agricultural Committee, to whom I wish to express my thanks.

2002 Innisfail (Austral.) Advocate (Nexis) 14 May 6 Last week, bugs were collected in Cardwell by local government pest officer Darrell Assenbruck and packed up in Eskies and cool packs.

pest place n. = pest-spot n.

ΚΠ

1846 Jerrold's Shilling Mag. June 492 Bath a pest-place! Why, the very fountain of health.

1906 Science 9 Mar. 381/2 This man is moving vigorously to get rid of this pest place.

pest ship n. now historical †(a) a ship for the reception of those suffering from a plague; (b) a ship having any infectious disease on board.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > places for the sick or injured > [noun] > hospital or infirmary > hospital ship

hospital ship1683

pest shipa1684

hospital1709

hospital vessel1897

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels with other specific uses > [noun] > vessel for reception of sick or injured

hospital ship1683

pest shipa1684

hospital1709

victim-ship1835

hospital vessel1897

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > [noun] > vessel with disease on board

plague ship1820

pest ship1895

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1665 (1955) III. 418 A Pest-ship, to waite on our infected men.

1895 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 263 The horrors of the holds of the pest-ship.

1946 Amer. Anthropologist 48 337 Some vessels..became known as pest ships because of the epidemic diseases that had spread unchecked among the passengers.

2003 Sunday Advocate (Baton Rouge, Louisiana) (Nexis) 2 Nov. (Mag.) Ambrois Heidel..immigrated to the German Coast of Louisiana on the ‘pest’ ship La Charente in 1721.

pest-spot n. the source of a plague; a place where plague is endemic; frequently figurative.

ΚΠ

1826 Lancet 15 July 502/2 ‘The Lancet’, that pest-spot of the profession!

1926 Science 28 May Suppl. p. xiv/2 Realization that microbes know no international boundaries and that one pest spot may infect the whole world.

1966 F. J. Cook Secret Rulers 206 He..developed detail on the telephone network that had turned Bergen County into such a bookie pest-spot.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

pestv.

Brit.

/pɛst/, U.S.

/pɛst/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pest n.

Etymology: < pest n. With sense 1 compare French pester contre , pester de to manifest one's ill humour in violent utterance against a person or thing (1639 as pester contre ). With sense 1 compare earlier pester v.¹ With sense 2 compare earlier pesting n.In quots. 1788 at sense 2 and 1837 at sense 2 perhaps after French peste (see peste v., and compare pest n.). In quot. 1819 at sense 3 apparently with allusion to French peste pest n. or pester peste v., and perhaps to be interpreted as peste v.

1. transitive. To vex, annoy, or plague. Cf. pester v.¹ 4a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > be annoyed or vexed by [verb (transitive)] > annoy or vex

gremec893

dretchc900

awhenec1000

teenOE

fretc1290

annoyc1300

atrayc1320

encumberc1330

diseasec1340

grindc1350

distemperc1386

offenda1387

arra1400

avexa1400

derea1400

miscomforta1400

angerc1400

engrievec1400

vex1418

molesta1425

entrouble?1435

destroublea1450

poina1450

rubc1450

to wring (a person) on the mailsc1450

disprofit1483

agrea1492

trouble1515

grig1553

mis-set?1553

nip?1553

grate1555

gripe1559

spitec1563

fike?1572

gall1573

corsie1574

corrosive1581

touch1581

disaccommodate1586

macerate1588

perplex1590

thorn1592

exulcerate1593

plague1595

incommode1598

affret1600

brier1601

to gall or tread on (one's) kibes1603

discommodate1606

incommodate1611

to grate on or upon1631

disincommodate1635

shog1636

ulcerate1647

incommodiate1650

to put (a person) out of his (her, etc.) way1653

discommodiate1654

discommode1657

ruffle1659

regrate1661

disoblige1668

torment1718

pesta1729

chagrin1734

pingle1740

bothera1745

potter1747

wherrit1762

to tweak the nose of1784

to play up1803

tout1808

rasp1810

outrage1818

worrit1818

werrit1825

buggerlug1850

taigle1865

get1867

to give a person the pip1881

to get across ——1888

nark1888

eat1893

to twist the tail1895

dudgeon1906

to tweak the tail of1909

sore1929

to put up1930

wouldn't it rip you!1941

sheg1943

to dick around1944

cheese1946

to pee off1946

to honk off1970

to fuck off1973

to tweak (a person's or thing's) tail1977

to tweak (a person's or thing's) nose1983

to wind up1984

to dick about1996

to-teen-

a1729 E. Taylor Metrical Hist. Christianity (1962) 185 Streets and great barns of fruits at Bordeaux and Brave Orleans are burnt by Lightening. Biturica sore pested by the hand Of Hail-Stones.

1835 D. Webster Orig. Sc. Rhymes 56 The Highlands were pested wi' Sandy M^cNab.

1881 A. Wardrop Johnnie Mathison's Courtship 107 Our Parliament's sae pested wi' a cless seemed born tae thraw.

1934 ‘L. G. Gibbon’ Grey Granite 27 Upbraiding Almighty God for making such a trauchle to pest decent folk.

1999 Morning Call (Allentown, Pa.) 5 Mar. s3 He was always kind, cooperative and patient when people (most notably me) pested him for this or that.

†2. intransitive. To complain; to curse; also with at. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1788 A. Jardine Lett. from Barbary, France, &c. I. 231 The ill humour of those Anglois atrabilaires whom we have seen pesting and swearing at all they have met with out of their own country.

1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott II. ii. 67 A huge cloak, which..kept flapping in the other's [sc. a Savoyard's] face, who..had no relief but fuming and pesting at the sacré manteau, in language happily unintelligible to its wearer.

1871 J. Richardson Cummerland Talk (1886) 1st Ser. 12 We pestit on a canny while.

†3. transitive. To invoke a plague or harm upon; to curse. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1819 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) III. 9 So instead of pesting the ode (that French word is better than either our synonyme in c or in d), I set about it.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pest
释义	pestn. Brit. /pɛst/, U.S. /pɛst/ Forms: 1500s peste, 1600s– pest; Scottish pre-1700 best, pre-1700 beste, pre-1700 peist, pre-1700 1700s– pest. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French peste. Etymology: < Middle French, French peste epidemic, bubonic plague (c1460), a person who causes trouble (c1475), scourge (c1500) < classical Latin pestis plague, pestilence, instrument of death or destruction, source of damage, nuisance, of unknown origin. Compare Old Occitan peste (1475), Catalan pesta (1507; also as †peste), Spanish peste (1410 or earlier), Portuguese peste (beginning of the 16th cent.), Italian peste epidemic, bubonic plague (a1327), calamity (first half of the 14th cent.), troublesome person (a1556).With (a) pest on at sense 1b compare French peste de —, (la) peste soit de — (1649 as peste de la sote; compare the earlier imprecation la peste l'estouffe, literally ‘may the plague choke him’ (1579)). Use in imprecations is also attested for Spanish peste and Catalan pesta (both from the 17th cent.). 1. a. A fatal epidemic disease; pestilence; spec. bubonic plague. Frequently with the. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > plague or pestilence > [noun] manqualmeOE deathOE starveOE woundc1369 pestilencea1382 murraina1387 mortality?a1425 plaguea1475 pest1479 cladec1480 traik1513 mortalness1530 pestility1570 1479 in G. Neilson & H. Paton Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1918) II. p. cxxxiv Sessioune stoppit quhill Merche in respect of the pest. 1568 G. Skeyne Breue Descriptioun Pest i. sig. A2^v Ane pest is the corruptioun or infectioun of y^e Air. a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. 204 Moreover, within the Castell was the pest, (and diverse thairin dyed). 1614 A. S. in T. Overbury et al. Wife now Widdow Answer to Very Country Newes sig. G3 Liuing neere the churchyard, where many are buried of the pest. c1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 468 After he had been but one yeare in Mr John Russell's house the pest came to Edinburgh. 1715 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad I. i. 192 Let fierce Achilles, dreadful in his Rage, The God propitiate, and the Pest asswage. a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) II. 108 There came a dark infectious pest To break the hamlet's tranquil rest. 1851 G. Outram Legal Lyrics 17 She's fever proof—The pest walked o'er her very roof. 1999 Renaissance Q. 52 478 For these reasons, Martin prefers not to talk of ‘plague’, but of ‘pest’, the ambiguous term employed by contemporaries. b. As a curse. (a) pest on (also (a) pest upon, (a) pest take): may a plague light upon. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > malediction > oaths > [interjection] > oaths other than religious or obscene > imprecations woeOE dahetc1290 confoundc1330 foul (also shame) fall ——c1330 sorrow on——c1330 in the wanianda1352 wildfirea1375 evil theedomc1386 a pestilence on (also upon)c1390 woe betide you (also him, her, etc.)c1390 maldathaita1400 murrainc1400 out ona1415 in the wild waning worldc1485 vengeance?a1500 in a wanion1549 with a wanion1549 woe worth1553 a plague on——a1566 with a wanion to?c1570 with a wanyand1570 bot1584 maugre1590 poxa1592 death1593 rot1594 rot on1595 cancro1597 pax1604 pize on (also upon)1605 vild1605 peascod1606 cargo1607 confusion1608 perditiona1616 (a) pest upon1632 deuce1651 stap my vitals1697 strike me blind, dumb, lucky (if, but—)1697 stop my vitals1699 split me (or my windpipe)1700 rabbit1701 consume1756 capot me!1760 nick me!1760 weary set1788 rats1816 bad cess to1859 curse1885 hanged1887 buggeration1964 ?1553 Respublica (1952) v. ii. 44 Resp. yea bothe mercie and verytee. Avar. A pestle on them bothe saving my Charitee.] 1632 T. Heywood 2nd Pt. Iron Age ii. i A hot Pest take the strumpet. 1798 J. Baillie Tryal iii. i, in Series Plays Stronger Passions I. 244 Pest take her! 1843 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last of Barons II. iv. vi. 76 ‘Pest on these Burgundians!’ answered Clarence. 1852 W. M. Thackeray Let. 5–6 July (1946) III. 59 Pest take it. I began instantly to write something to cover the loss. 1969 V. Nabokov Ada ii. v. 367 Who wrote that?.. A pest on his anapest! 1991 Advertiser (Adelaide) (Nexis) 16 Mar. A pest upon people who would dare derail my dreams! 2. figurative (originally Scottish). A person who or thing which is destructive, noxious, or troublesome; the bane of something. In later use also: an annoying person or thing; a nuisance. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being harassed > [noun] > one who or that which harasses pursuera1382 running sore1453 pesta1522 gall1537 grater1549 plaguer1598 afflicter1600 inflicter1605 a thorn in the flesh or side1611 incubus1648 cumber1669 harasser1707 scunner1796 tin kettle1796 pester1810 pesterer1824 baitera1845 pestilence1886 nudnik1916 a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xi. xv. 59 That this wench this vengeabill pest or trake Be bet dovn ded by my..strake. a1586 Ces, Hart in W. A. Craigie Maitland Folio MS. (1919) I. clxxix. 442 Eschewand plesour as ane pest. 1610 King James VI & I Speach Whitehall xxj. March 1609 sig. B4 They that perswade them the contrary, are vipers, and pests, both against them and the Commonwealth. 1676 M. Lister in J. Ray Corr. (1848) 125 This sort of men being the bane and pest of learning. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 135. ⁋1 The Pests of Society, the Revilers of Humane Nature. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Pref. C5 The great pest of speech is frequency of translation. ?1810 R. B. Sheridan Let. (1966) III. 98 I am mustering every thing to sweep our present pests of servants out of the House. 1844 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. viii. 128 Putting down the pest of corruption. 1857 C. M. Yonge Cameos xlii, in Monthly Packet Aug. 115 Philippe IV, the Pest of France. 1938 C. Calloway Hi De Ho 16 Jeff, a pest, a bore, an icky. 1995 Denver Post 23 Apr. d4/1 Do become a regular phone visitor but don't become a pest. 3. Any animal, esp. an insect, that attacks or infests crops, livestock, stored goods, etc. Also (less commonly): a plant that is an invasive weed. ΚΠ 1748 Philos. Trans. 1747 (Royal Soc.) 44 580 What makes this Pest the more deplorable, is the long Time of their Continuance in their Eruca, or most mischievous State. 1786 G. White Jrnl. 31 May (1970) xix. 277 Chafers abound: they are quite a pest this year at, & about Fyfield. 1865 D. Livingstone & C. Livingstone Narr. Exped. Zambesi vi. 152 To extirpate these destructive pests [sc. cockroaches]. 1878 W. R. Gulfoyle Austral. Bot. 60 Cape weed—which has proved such a pest in many parts of Victoria. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 867 Mosquitoes, harvest bugs, and similar pests. 1912 B. E. Baughan Brown Bread from Colonial Oven iii. 48 ‘Missionary’, in the North Island is frequently an alternative spelling for ‘sweet~brier’, which is a pest. 1961 J. L. Cloudsley-Thompson & J. Sankey Land Invertebr. v. 65 Blaniulus guttulatus... The ‘spotted snake-millipede’ a well-known agricultural pest. 2002 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 96 617 The International Plant Protection Convention..controls pests of plants and plant products and aims at preventing their spread. Compounds C1. pest-free adj. ΚΠ 1900 New Eng. Mag. Feb. 688/2 Taxing his eyes to find out if he may the last remnant of infestation in some difficult region almost pest-free. 1996 Mail on Sunday 28 Apr. 62/4 Asparagus is almost pest-free. pest worm n. ΚΠ 1849 E. Cook Poems (ed. 2) III. 28 Do we not see the pest-worm steal The rose of Beauty to destroy? 1986 Sunset (Nexis) July 80 Other parasitic wasps include..several species of Trichogramma which parasitize the eggs of pest worms such as corn earworms and cabbage worms. C2. † pest-angel n. Obsolete rare an angel who protects against a plague or pestilence. ΚΠ 1614 S. Purchas Pilgrimage (ed. 2) 216 In a generall pestilence they [sc. Jews] write in their chamber strange characters and wonderfull names, which (they say) are the names of Pest-angels. pest-cart n. now historical a cart for carrying away the bodies of the dead during a plague or pestilence (also figurative). ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > [noun] > for carrying dead bodies away > during a plague pest-cart1603 pest-coach1665 1603 T. Dekker 1603: Wonderfull Yeare sig. D1^v After the world had once run vpon the wheeles of the Pest-cart. 1841 W. H. Ainsworth Old St. Pauls II. 68 The doleful bell announcing the approach of the pest-cart. 1924 Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. 39 697 The pest-cart, in which the noblest individuals, the finest embodiments of human ideal, are trundled off to a nameless and common grave. pest-coach n. now historical a vehicle used to convey the infected to a plague hospital. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > [noun] > for carrying dead bodies away > during a plague pest-cart1603 pest-coach1665 1665 S. Pepys Diary 3 Aug. (1972) VI. 181 They got one of the pest Coaches and put her into it to carry her to a pest-house. 1925 J. Parkes Trav. in Eng. in 17th Cent. vii. 202 Those whom business took to London..found the shops shut and the streets deserted, except for pest-coaches, coffins, and beggars. pest control n. (a) the elimination or control of an insect or animal pest; (b) a person or body of people responsible for this work. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > pest control > [noun] pest control1912 disinfestation1920 1912 Times 12 Aug. 4/4 He has failed to find in this country a single instance of pest control by natural enemies. 1983 J. Kelman Not Not While Giro 174 Fleas were the problem... The pest-control went round from door to door. Useless. 1997 Daily Tel. 5 Mar. 4/8 Biotechnologists hope that..they have found an environmentally-friendly method of pest control. pest controller n. a person or animal responsible for eliminating or controlling an insect or animal pest; cf. pest control n. (b). ΚΠ 1928 Welsh Jrnl. Agric. 4 387 The bulletin commences with a general estimation of the value of poultry as pest controllers. 1981 Oxf. Jrnl. 27 Feb. 6 Pest controllers are battling against a breed of ‘super-rats’ which are immune to normal poisons. 2011 J. Cohn Pest Control Worker i. 10 If one method of controlling pests can't do the job, pest controllers may find another that can. pest hole n. a place that is infested with disease or vermin. ΚΠ 1832 Times 10 Jan. 7/2 In moist and windy weather, the smell from this pest-hole contaminates the air at a mile's distance, even in Lambeth. 1905 J. E. Pope Clothing Industry in N.Y. vii. 199 Demand clothing which bears the Label of the United Garment Workers! It is a guarantee that the garment was made under healthy conditions, and was not a blanket on a sick-bed in a pest-hole. 2000 Cincinnati Enquirer (Nexis) 2 June a16 We will get to watch 16 people scheme and plot, covered with sweat and bugs in a tropical pest hole, as they eliminate each other in a quest for the loot. pest man n. † (a) = pest-master n. (obsolete); (b) = pest officer n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > [noun] > good health > state of being conducive to > sanitariness > one in charge of getting rid of plague pest man1614 pest-master1626 1614 T. Godwin Romanæ Historiæ Anthologia iii. ii. xiii. 130 Three Pest-men, which were to ouersee those that lay infected with any contagious sicknesse. 2004 Manly Daily (Austral.) (Nexis) 24 Jan. You know the experts to hire, the pest man, the electrician, and the engineer. † pest-master n. Obsolete a person in charge of those infected with a plague, or of the arrangements for eliminating a plague. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > [noun] > good health > state of being conducive to > sanitariness > one in charge of getting rid of plague pest man1614 pest-master1626 1626 G. Eglisham Forerunner of Revenge 16 He hath conferred with the skilfullest pestmasters.., who visit the bodyes of those that die of the venime of the pest. pest officer n. a person who is responsible for the control or extermination of insect or animal pests. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > pest control > [noun] > one who verminer1615 exterminator1870 pest officer1942 1942 Proc. Royal Soc. 1941–2 B. 130 479 Mr G. Roberts, Pest Officer of the Caernarvonshire War Agricultural Committee, to whom I wish to express my thanks. 2002 Innisfail (Austral.) Advocate (Nexis) 14 May 6 Last week, bugs were collected in Cardwell by local government pest officer Darrell Assenbruck and packed up in Eskies and cool packs. pest place n. = pest-spot n. ΚΠ 1846 Jerrold's Shilling Mag. June 492 Bath a pest-place! Why, the very fountain of health. 1906 Science 9 Mar. 381/2 This man is moving vigorously to get rid of this pest place. pest ship n. now historical †(a) a ship for the reception of those suffering from a plague; (b) a ship having any infectious disease on board. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > places for the sick or injured > [noun] > hospital or infirmary > hospital ship hospital ship1683 pest shipa1684 hospital1709 hospital vessel1897 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels with other specific uses > [noun] > vessel for reception of sick or injured hospital ship1683 pest shipa1684 hospital1709 victim-ship1835 hospital vessel1897 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > [noun] > vessel with disease on board plague ship1820 pest ship1895 a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1665 (1955) III. 418 A Pest-ship, to waite on our infected men. 1895 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 263 The horrors of the holds of the pest-ship. 1946 Amer. Anthropologist 48 337 Some vessels..became known as pest ships because of the epidemic diseases that had spread unchecked among the passengers. 2003 Sunday Advocate (Baton Rouge, Louisiana) (Nexis) 2 Nov. (Mag.) Ambrois Heidel..immigrated to the German Coast of Louisiana on the ‘pest’ ship La Charente in 1721. pest-spot n. the source of a plague; a place where plague is endemic; frequently figurative. ΚΠ 1826 Lancet 15 July 502/2 ‘The Lancet’, that pest-spot of the profession! 1926 Science 28 May Suppl. p. xiv/2 Realization that microbes know no international boundaries and that one pest spot may infect the whole world. 1966 F. J. Cook Secret Rulers 206 He..developed detail on the telephone network that had turned Bergen County into such a bookie pest-spot. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pestv. Brit. /pɛst/, U.S. /pɛst/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pest n. Etymology: < pest n. With sense 1 compare French pester contre , pester de to manifest one's ill humour in violent utterance against a person or thing (1639 as pester contre ). With sense 1 compare earlier pester v.¹ With sense 2 compare earlier pesting n.In quots. 1788 at sense 2 and 1837 at sense 2 perhaps after French peste (see peste v., and compare pest n.). In quot. 1819 at sense 3 apparently with allusion to French peste pest n. or pester peste v., and perhaps to be interpreted as peste v. 1. transitive. To vex, annoy, or plague. Cf. pester v.¹ 4a. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > be annoyed or vexed by [verb (transitive)] > annoy or vex gremec893 dretchc900 awhenec1000 teenOE fretc1290 annoyc1300 atrayc1320 encumberc1330 diseasec1340 grindc1350 distemperc1386 offenda1387 arra1400 avexa1400 derea1400 miscomforta1400 angerc1400 engrievec1400 vex1418 molesta1425 entrouble?1435 destroublea1450 poina1450 rubc1450 to wring (a person) on the mailsc1450 disprofit1483 agrea1492 trouble1515 grig1553 mis-set?1553 nip?1553 grate1555 gripe1559 spitec1563 fike?1572 gall1573 corsie1574 corrosive1581 touch1581 disaccommodate1586 macerate1588 perplex1590 thorn1592 exulcerate1593 plague1595 incommode1598 affret1600 brier1601 to gall or tread on (one's) kibes1603 discommodate1606 incommodate1611 to grate on or upon1631 disincommodate1635 shog1636 ulcerate1647 incommodiate1650 to put (a person) out of his (her, etc.) way1653 discommodiate1654 discommode1657 ruffle1659 regrate1661 disoblige1668 torment1718 pesta1729 chagrin1734 pingle1740 bothera1745 potter1747 wherrit1762 to tweak the nose of1784 to play up1803 tout1808 rasp1810 outrage1818 worrit1818 werrit1825 buggerlug1850 taigle1865 get1867 to give a person the pip1881 to get across ——1888 nark1888 eat1893 to twist the tail1895 dudgeon1906 to tweak the tail of1909 sore1929 to put up1930 wouldn't it rip you!1941 sheg1943 to dick around1944 cheese1946 to pee off1946 to honk off1970 to fuck off1973 to tweak (a person's or thing's) tail1977 to tweak (a person's or thing's) nose1983 to wind up1984 to dick about1996 to-teen- a1729 E. Taylor Metrical Hist. Christianity (1962) 185 Streets and great barns of fruits at Bordeaux and Brave Orleans are burnt by Lightening. Biturica sore pested by the hand Of Hail-Stones. 1835 D. Webster Orig. Sc. Rhymes 56 The Highlands were pested wi' Sandy M^cNab. 1881 A. Wardrop Johnnie Mathison's Courtship 107 Our Parliament's sae pested wi' a cless seemed born tae thraw. 1934 ‘L. G. Gibbon’ Grey Granite 27 Upbraiding Almighty God for making such a trauchle to pest decent folk. 1999 Morning Call (Allentown, Pa.) 5 Mar. s3 He was always kind, cooperative and patient when people (most notably me) pested him for this or that. †2. intransitive. To complain; to curse; also with at. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1788 A. Jardine Lett. from Barbary, France, &c. I. 231 The ill humour of those Anglois atrabilaires whom we have seen pesting and swearing at all they have met with out of their own country. 1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott II. ii. 67 A huge cloak, which..kept flapping in the other's [sc. a Savoyard's] face, who..had no relief but fuming and pesting at the sacré manteau, in language happily unintelligible to its wearer. 1871 J. Richardson Cummerland Talk (1886) 1st Ser. 12 We pestit on a canny while. †3. transitive. To invoke a plague or harm upon; to curse. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1819 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) III. 9 So instead of pesting the ode (that French word is better than either our synonyme in c or in d), I set about it. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1479v.a1729
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