† pateln.¹

Forms: late Middle English patyl, 1500s pattle, 1500s patyll, 1500s–1600s patell, 1600s pattel.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin patella.

Etymology: < classical Latin patella patella n.

Obsolete.

a. A shallow pan or dish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > cooking vessel or pot > [noun] > pan

paneOE

patel1480

pounea1500

1480–1 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 97 ij friyng patyls ferr.

1675 W. Dugdale Baronage Eng. I. 268/1 Bequeathed..to Philippa de Beauchamp his Sister,..two Pattels, and a Salt-seller of Silver.

b. Christian Church. = paten n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > implement (general) > vessel (general) > paten > [noun]

patenlOE

platena1450

patel1548

bread plate1608

bread bowl1638

altar plate1647

patera1658

offertory1672

patina1868

1548 R. Crowley Confut. N. Shaxton sig. F viij b Three crosses..one wyth your thombe in your forheade, an other vpon your crowne wyth the patell of the chalice.

2. More fully patel-bone.

a. The patella or kneecap.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bones of arm or leg > bones of leg > [noun] > knee-cap

eye of the kneea1400

rotulaa1400

knee-pan14..

whirling-bone14..

knee-bonec1410

pan?a1425

rotule?a1425

rowel?a1425

whirl-bone1530

patel1552

shive1598

kneeshive1599

lid of the knee1632

patella1634

cap1767

kneecap1869

1552 N. Udall tr. T. Gemini Compend. Anat. C j The patyll or the kne bone, called of some men the shyldelyke bone.

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 34^v This Patell was ordained to couer the ioynt betwene the thighe and legge.

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Rotola del ginocchio, the whirle bone ordained to cover the ioint of the knee, the eie-bone,..the pattle-bone.

b. The clavicle or collarbone. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > collarbone > [noun]

cannel-bonea1325

collara1475

shears1503

furcule?1541

channel-bone1587

clavicle1615

collarbone1615

patel1615

cane1621

jugulum1706

cannon bone1730

key-bone1791

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 265 The patell or choler bones.

1618 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια (new ed.) vi. iii. 350 Mastoydes,..from the patell bone to the sides of the head.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

pateln.²

Brit.

/pəˈtɛl/, U.S.

/pəˈtɛl/

Forms: 1600s pattell, 1700s– patel, 1800s patail, 1800s pateil, 1800s patell, 1800s pattel, 1800s– potail.

Origin: A borrowing from Gujarati. Etymon: Gujarati paṭail.

Etymology: < Gujarati paṭail (in which ai is pronounced /ɛː/ or /eː/) village headman (by hereditary appointment), also used as a courtesy title applied to persons in humble occupations < Sanskrit paṭṭakīla < paṭṭa writing-tablet, register. Compare Portuguese pateis, plural (early 16th cent.).H. Yule and A. C. Burnell, Hobson-Jobson (1886), s.v., also record an occurrence of Patell, apparently as a surname, from 1614. N.E.D. (1904) gives the pronunciation as (pa·tĕl) /ˈpatəl/.

In central, western, and southern India: the headman of a village. In quot. 1630 used as a courtesy title before a name.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > [noun] > those in authority > person in authority > head or chief > of a village or community

starosta1591

patel1630

malik1662

penghulu1705

aksakal1811

ratemahatmaya1818

caboceer1836

lambardar1855

thugyi1863

princeps1874

capitao1884

omda1898

luluai1924

big man1927

kadkhoda1934

mukhiya1934

sarpanch1963

headman1997

1630 T. Rastell Let. 10 Nov. in W. Foster Eng. Factories in India, 1630–1633 (1910) 91 Have been in negotiation with ‘Pattell Vachvehera’, who is owner of half of the 1,000 maunds of wheat.

1771 Observ. Present State E. India Co. 14 Seeking redress from the Zemindars or Patels.

1802 Chron. App., in Ann. Reg. 526/2 The potail or killedar of Tirnakull has been hanged.

1851 J. B. Fraser Mil. Mem. Lieut.-Col. J. Skinner I. 33 When at Poonah he (Madhajee Sindea)..instead of arrogating any exalted title, would only suffer himself to be called Pateil.

1885 G. S. Forbes Wild Life in Canara 16 Village constables under the potails, or heads of villages.

1971 Illustr. Weekly India 18 Apr. 34/3 The Patel's is an administrative job, as local agent of the government.

2003 Hindu (Nexis) 25 June The Tandur CI, Tajuddin,..facilitated the presence of a large number of tribals, sarpanches and patels of the mandal.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	patel
释义	† pateln.¹ Forms: late Middle English patyl, 1500s pattle, 1500s patyll, 1500s–1600s patell, 1600s pattel. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin patella. Etymology: < classical Latin patella patella n. Obsolete. 1. a. A shallow pan or dish. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > cooking vessel or pot > [noun] > pan paneOE patel1480 pounea1500 1480–1 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 97 ij friyng patyls ferr. 1675 W. Dugdale Baronage Eng. I. 268/1 Bequeathed..to Philippa de Beauchamp his Sister,..two Pattels, and a Salt-seller of Silver. b. Christian Church. = paten n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > implement (general) > vessel (general) > paten > [noun] patenlOE platena1450 patel1548 bread plate1608 bread bowl1638 altar plate1647 patera1658 offertory1672 patina1868 1548 R. Crowley Confut. N. Shaxton sig. F viij b Three crosses..one wyth your thombe in your forheade, an other vpon your crowne wyth the patell of the chalice. 2. More fully patel-bone. a. The patella or kneecap. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bones of arm or leg > bones of leg > [noun] > knee-cap eye of the kneea1400 rotulaa1400 knee-pan14.. whirling-bone14.. knee-bonec1410 pan?a1425 rotule?a1425 rowel?a1425 whirl-bone1530 patel1552 shive1598 kneeshive1599 lid of the knee1632 patella1634 cap1767 kneecap1869 1552 N. Udall tr. T. Gemini Compend. Anat. C j The patyll or the kne bone, called of some men the shyldelyke bone. 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 34^v This Patell was ordained to couer the ioynt betwene the thighe and legge. 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Rotola del ginocchio, the whirle bone ordained to cover the ioint of the knee, the eie-bone,..the pattle-bone. b. The clavicle or collarbone. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > collarbone > [noun] cannel-bonea1325 collara1475 shears1503 furcule?1541 channel-bone1587 clavicle1615 collarbone1615 patel1615 cane1621 jugulum1706 cannon bone1730 key-bone1791 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 265 The patell or choler bones. 1618 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια (new ed.) vi. iii. 350 Mastoydes,..from the patell bone to the sides of the head. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online September 2021). pateln.² Brit. /pəˈtɛl/, U.S. /pəˈtɛl/ Forms: 1600s pattell, 1700s– patel, 1800s patail, 1800s pateil, 1800s patell, 1800s pattel, 1800s– potail. Origin: A borrowing from Gujarati. Etymon: Gujarati paṭail. Etymology: < Gujarati paṭail (in which ai is pronounced /ɛː/ or /eː/) village headman (by hereditary appointment), also used as a courtesy title applied to persons in humble occupations < Sanskrit paṭṭakīla < paṭṭa writing-tablet, register. Compare Portuguese pateis, plural (early 16th cent.).H. Yule and A. C. Burnell, Hobson-Jobson (1886), s.v., also record an occurrence of Patell, apparently as a surname, from 1614. N.E.D. (1904) gives the pronunciation as (pa·tĕl) /ˈpatəl/. In central, western, and southern India: the headman of a village. In quot. 1630 used as a courtesy title before a name. ΘΚΠ society > authority > [noun] > those in authority > person in authority > head or chief > of a village or community starosta1591 patel1630 malik1662 penghulu1705 aksakal1811 ratemahatmaya1818 caboceer1836 lambardar1855 thugyi1863 princeps1874 capitao1884 omda1898 luluai1924 big man1927 kadkhoda1934 mukhiya1934 sarpanch1963 headman1997 1630 T. Rastell Let. 10 Nov. in W. Foster Eng. Factories in India, 1630–1633 (1910) 91 Have been in negotiation with ‘Pattell Vachvehera’, who is owner of half of the 1,000 maunds of wheat. 1771 Observ. Present State E. India Co. 14 Seeking redress from the Zemindars or Patels. 1802 Chron. App., in Ann. Reg. 526/2 The potail or killedar of Tirnakull has been hanged. 1851 J. B. Fraser Mil. Mem. Lieut.-Col. J. Skinner I. 33 When at Poonah he (Madhajee Sindea)..instead of arrogating any exalted title, would only suffer himself to be called Pateil. 1885 G. S. Forbes Wild Life in Canara 16 Village constables under the potails, or heads of villages. 1971 Illustr. Weekly India 18 Apr. 34/3 The Patel's is an administrative job, as local agent of the government. 2003 Hindu (Nexis) 25 June The Tandur CI, Tajuddin,..facilitated the presence of a large number of tribals, sarpanches and patels of the mandal. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1480n.²1630
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† pateln.1

pateln.2

† pateln.¹

pateln.²