parhelionn.

Brit.

/pɑːˈhiːlɪən/, U.S.

/pɑrˈhiliən/

Forms:

α. 1500s–1600s parelii (plural), 1600s parelios, 1600s parelius, 1600s parhelius, 1700s parhelii (plural).

β. 1600s parahelii (plural), 1600s parelias (plural, irregular), 1600s parelion, 1600s parhelia's (plural, irregular), 1600s parrhelions (plural, irregular), 1600s– parhelion, 1600s– parhelions (plural, now rare), 1700s parelium, 1700s parhelium, 1700s– parhelia (plural), 1800s– parahelion.

γ. 1600s parelies (plural).

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin parhēlion; Greek παρήλιον.

Etymology: < classical Latin parhēlion mock sun, bright spot on a solar halo, and its etymon Hellenistic Greek παρήλιον, ancient Greek παρήλιος < παρα- para- prefix¹ + ἥλιος sun (see helio- comb. form).The α. forms probably go back directly to ancient Greek παρήλιος . The insertion of h in Latin and in many of the α. and β. forms follows the simplex, ancient Greek ἥλιος (transliterated hēlios ). In the forms parahelii, parahelion after words in para- prefix¹. In form parelie (see γ. forms) after French parhélie, parélie (1547 as parahele, 1611 in Cotgrave as parelie).

1. A bright spot in the sky, often associated with a solar halo and often occurring in pairs on either side of the sun (or occasionally above and below it), caused by the reflection of sunlight on ice crystals in the atmosphere; a mock sun, a sun dog.Sometimes the sunlight is refracted through the ice crystals, producing a spectrum of colours.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > luminous appearance > [noun] > mock-sun

sunOE

parhelion?1574

sun dog1635

mock sun1645

parhelic circle1886

?1574 T. Hill Contempl. Myst. f. 42^v As all celestiall impressions in a maner, haue a certaine hid or secret signification..euen so doe Parelii alwayes portende some singuler will and effect deuine.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. 518/2 Foure redde Parhelions (or resemblances of the Sunne) besides the Sunne it selfe, (appearing about the parts of Hereford and Worcester) from morning till night in the Skies.

1642 in J. A. Atkinson Tracts Relating to Civil War in Cheshire (1909) 79 Others more astronomicall, informe them, it is but a Parelius, a Comet, which would soon vanish.

1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. G4 Glistring Parelies or other meteors.

1659 R. Boyle Some Motives & Incentives to Love of God 63 And absurd; as it were for a Persian to offer his Sacrifice to a Parhelion, (as the Greeks call that Meteor) instead of adoring the Sun.

1722 Philos. Trans. 1720–21 (Royal Soc.) 31 213 Two plain Parhelia, or Mock-Suns.

1780 tr. U. von Troil Lett. on Iceland 55 The parhelions are observed in Iceland chiefly at the approach of the Greenland ice.

1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. xxxvii. 443 The halos are usually attended by a horizontal white circle, with brighter spots, or parhelia, near the intersections with this circle.

1878 G. S. Nares Narr. Voy. Polar Sea I. xii. 301 A fine circular prismatic halo was seen round the sun with a distinct prismatic parhelion at the usual distance on each side and above it.

1933 D. Thomas Let. 11 Nov. (1985) 47 There is a beautiful winter sun outside, and by my side the oil-stove shines like a parhelion.

1991 D. H. Levy Sky ii. 28 When the daytime sky is filled with thick cirrus clouds, patches of light called sundogs or parhelia might form.

2. figurative. Something resembling or reminiscent of a parhelion.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > substantiality or concreteness > unsubstantiality or abstractness > [noun] > unsubstantiality or lack of substance > something lacking substance > mere appearance or image of something

shadow?c1225

shade1297

phantomc1384

moonshine1468

fume1531

show1547

eggs in moonshine?1558

smoke1559

sign1597

ghost1613

umbra1635

parhelion1636

bogle1793

simulacrum1805

phantasmagoria1821

spectre1849

1636 T. Goodwin Childe of Light I. viii. 97 Parelii, and resemblances and shadowes of those thoughts the minde secretly conceives and formes.

a1695 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. IV (1699) V. ii. 341 Only the Parhelius or Reflection of the visible Glory of him.

1867 J. W. Draper Hist. Amer. Civil War I. xxxiii. 563 The sky was full of parhelions of delusive glory.

2001 B. Teran Never count out Dead 212 That parhelion of lightwire silver around her neck.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	parhelion
释义	parhelionn. Brit. /pɑːˈhiːlɪən/, U.S. /pɑrˈhiliən/ Forms: α. 1500s–1600s parelii (plural), 1600s parelios, 1600s parelius, 1600s parhelius, 1700s parhelii (plural). β. 1600s parahelii (plural), 1600s parelias (plural, irregular), 1600s parelion, 1600s parhelia's (plural, irregular), 1600s parrhelions (plural, irregular), 1600s– parhelion, 1600s– parhelions (plural, now rare), 1700s parelium, 1700s parhelium, 1700s– parhelia (plural), 1800s– parahelion. γ. 1600s parelies (plural). Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin parhēlion; Greek παρήλιον. Etymology: < classical Latin parhēlion mock sun, bright spot on a solar halo, and its etymon Hellenistic Greek παρήλιον, ancient Greek παρήλιος < παρα- para- prefix¹ + ἥλιος sun (see helio- comb. form).The α. forms probably go back directly to ancient Greek παρήλιος . The insertion of h in Latin and in many of the α. and β. forms follows the simplex, ancient Greek ἥλιος (transliterated hēlios ). In the forms parahelii, parahelion after words in para- prefix¹. In form parelie (see γ. forms) after French parhélie, parélie (1547 as parahele, 1611 in Cotgrave as parelie). 1. A bright spot in the sky, often associated with a solar halo and often occurring in pairs on either side of the sun (or occasionally above and below it), caused by the reflection of sunlight on ice crystals in the atmosphere; a mock sun, a sun dog.Sometimes the sunlight is refracted through the ice crystals, producing a spectrum of colours. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > luminous appearance > [noun] > mock-sun sunOE parhelion?1574 sun dog1635 mock sun1645 parhelic circle1886 ?1574 T. Hill Contempl. Myst. f. 42^v As all celestiall impressions in a maner, haue a certaine hid or secret signification..euen so doe Parelii alwayes portende some singuler will and effect deuine. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. 518/2 Foure redde Parhelions (or resemblances of the Sunne) besides the Sunne it selfe, (appearing about the parts of Hereford and Worcester) from morning till night in the Skies. 1642 in J. A. Atkinson Tracts Relating to Civil War in Cheshire (1909) 79 Others more astronomicall, informe them, it is but a Parelius, a Comet, which would soon vanish. 1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. G4 Glistring Parelies or other meteors. 1659 R. Boyle Some Motives & Incentives to Love of God 63 And absurd; as it were for a Persian to offer his Sacrifice to a Parhelion, (as the Greeks call that Meteor) instead of adoring the Sun. 1722 Philos. Trans. 1720–21 (Royal Soc.) 31 213 Two plain Parhelia, or Mock-Suns. 1780 tr. U. von Troil Lett. on Iceland 55 The parhelions are observed in Iceland chiefly at the approach of the Greenland ice. 1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. xxxvii. 443 The halos are usually attended by a horizontal white circle, with brighter spots, or parhelia, near the intersections with this circle. 1878 G. S. Nares Narr. Voy. Polar Sea I. xii. 301 A fine circular prismatic halo was seen round the sun with a distinct prismatic parhelion at the usual distance on each side and above it. 1933 D. Thomas Let. 11 Nov. (1985) 47 There is a beautiful winter sun outside, and by my side the oil-stove shines like a parhelion. 1991 D. H. Levy Sky ii. 28 When the daytime sky is filled with thick cirrus clouds, patches of light called sundogs or parhelia might form. 2. figurative. Something resembling or reminiscent of a parhelion. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > substantiality or concreteness > unsubstantiality or abstractness > [noun] > unsubstantiality or lack of substance > something lacking substance > mere appearance or image of something shadow?c1225 shade1297 phantomc1384 moonshine1468 fume1531 show1547 eggs in moonshine?1558 smoke1559 sign1597 ghost1613 umbra1635 parhelion1636 bogle1793 simulacrum1805 phantasmagoria1821 spectre1849 1636 T. Goodwin Childe of Light I. viii. 97 Parelii, and resemblances and shadowes of those thoughts the minde secretly conceives and formes. a1695 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. IV (1699) V. ii. 341 Only the Parhelius or Reflection of the visible Glory of him. 1867 J. W. Draper Hist. Amer. Civil War I. xxxiii. 563 The sky was full of parhelions of delusive glory. 2001 B. Teran Never count out Dead 212 That parhelion of lightwire silver around her neck. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?1574
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