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单词 passover
释义

Passovern.

Brit. /ˈpɑːsˌəʊvə/, /ˈpasˌəʊvə/, U.S. /ˈpæsˌoʊvər/
Forms: see pass v. and over adv. Also with lower-case initial.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: to pass over at pass v. Phrasal verbs 1.
Etymology: < to pass over at pass v. Phrasal verbs 1. In sense 1 after Hebrew pesaḥ Pesach n. < pāsaḥ to pass or spring over (see pasch n.). Compare earlier passing over n. at passing n. Phrases 2a.The festival is named after the Lord's ‘passing over’ the houses of the People of Israel, whose doorposts were marked with the blood of a lamb, while the Egyptians were punished with the death of their firstborn (Exodus 11–12).
I. Senses relating to the Jewish festival.
1.
a. The major Jewish spring festival which commemorates the liberation of the People of Israel from Egyptian bondage, lasting seven days (in Israel) or eight days (in the Diaspora) from the 15th day of Nisan. Cf. Pesach n.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > liturgical year > feast, festival > Jewish seasons and feasts > Passover > [noun]
EasterOE
phaseOE
paschOE
forthforea1325
fasea1425
Passover1530
passing-by1533
paschala1535
azyme1582
feast1611
Pesach1613
1530 Bible (Tyndale) Exod. xii. f. xviiiv And ye shall eate it in haste, for it is the Lordes passeouer.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Exod. xii. 43 This is the maner of the kepynge of Passeouer.
1563 G. Hay Confut. Abbote of Crosraguels Masse 62 If the eating [of the Pascal lamb] had bene omitted..the whole action of the Pasouer wes but a sacrifice.
1608 Dispute Question of Kneeling 49 The circumstance of the Evening, and of the infermentation belonged peculiarly to the feast of the Passover, and of the unleavened bread.
1662 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 3rd Pt. 687 Baptism is clearer than Circumcision, Lords Supper than Passeover.
1725 D. Cotes tr. L. E. Du Pin New Eccl. Hist. 17th Cent. I. v. 67 This Custom of bidding the Passover on the Day of the Epiphany.
1797 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 17/2 The modern Jews observe in general the same ceremonies that were practised by their ancestors, in the celebration of the passover.
1840 Penny Cycl. XVII. 304 Passover..also called the feast of unleavened bread.
1893 J. A. Broadus Harm. Gospels 243 The Bi-paschal theory makes the time of the public life of Jesus one year, allowing only two Passovers to the Gospel of John.
1947 Amer. Sociol. Rev. 12 195/2 He was introduced to matzoth when a Jewish woman brought some to his family on Passover.
1963 Jrnl. Afr. Hist. 4 337 The only restriction of which the Jews complained was the prohibition of exhibiting the Tora in public at Passover.
2002 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Jan. 150/2 The Palestinian leader called to congratulate him on the birth of twin grandsons and to wish him a happy Passover.
b. In extended use, applied to other festivals, holidays, or celebrations.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > biblical events > [noun] > passover
passing-by1523
by-passing1526
pass-by1550
Passover1726
1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 236 Thus the Lord's Passover, which we commonly call Easter, was order'd by the Canon-Law to be celebrated every year on a Sunday, otherwise stiled the Lord's-Day.
1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 77 By the first name [sc. green ear of corn], the Indians, as an explicative, term their passover.
1825 Lancet 23 July 76/1 It is a time sacred to idleness... It is the grand ‘Passover’ of authors, when they exchange their books for brooks.
1995 Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk) (Nexis) 27 Mar. e1 Bob Hope used to refer to Oscar time as ‘passover’ at his house.
1999 Asheville Citizen-Times (North Carolina) (Nexis) 31 Dec. 2 b Jubilee Day for Black Americans is a type of passover. It too portends of the miraculous.
2.
a. (a) The lamb eaten at the Passover festival; the Passover meal; (hence, among Christians) the Last Supper; (b) The lamb sacrificed at the Passover, the paschal lamb (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > sacrifice or a sacrifice > kinds of sacrifice > [noun] > of animal > lamb
Easter offeringa1387
pasch-lamba1400
paschal lamba1500
Passover1530
Passover lamb1538
paschal1656
1530 Bible (Tyndale) Exod. xii. f. xix Chouse out and take to euery housholde a shepe, and kyll passeouer.
1581 R. Goade in Confer. (1584) iii. X j b The Pascall lambe is called the passeouer.
1611 Bible (King James) Luke xxii. 8 And he sent Peter and John, saying, Goe and prepare vs the Passeouer, that we may eate. View more context for this quotation
1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 134 To keepe themselves from all legall pollution, that they might bee capable of eating the Passover.
a1680 S. Charnock Wks. (1684) II. 847 The lamb was called the passover. The sign for the thing signified.
1795 W. Mason Ess. Eng. Church Music iii. 199 After he had eaten the Passover, and instituted the solemn Rite, which was to supercede it.
1869 D. Greenwell Carmina Crucis ii. 75 This Passover with bitter herbs how long Have I desired to eat.
1871 D. G. Rossetti Ave in Wks. (1911) 39 Through His boyhood, year by year Eating with Him the Passover.
1907 Catholic Encycl. I. 595/2 His crucifixion takes place on the selfsame day on which the Passover was eaten.
1999 Omaha World-Herald (Nebraska) (Nexis) 11 May 19 Luke 22 records that Jesus did indeed eat the Passover.
2003 Springfield (Missouri) News-Leader (Nexis) 17 Apr. 1 b Jesus ate Passover, a lamb that was slain, every year.
b. Christian Church. Christ, of whom the paschal lamb is regarded as the type or symbol.Frequently with allusion to 1 Corinthians 5:7 (see quot. 1539).
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > the Trinity > the Son or Christ > [noun] > as lamb
the LambOE
immaculate lamb?a1475
Passover1539
1539 Bible (Great) 1 Cor. v. 7 For Christ oure passeouer is offered vp for vs.
1633 W. Prynne Histrio-mastix i. viii. iii. 783 Christ their Passeover is now sacrificed for them.
a1729 E. Taylor Poems (1989) 118 So Christ our Passover had not passt ore Full fifty dayes before in fiery wise The Law of Spirit and of Life much more Went out from Zion. Gospell Law did rise.
1735 Gentleman's Mag. July 366/1 The Paschal Lamb being not the real Passover but a Memorial.
1745 J. Wesley & C. Wesley Hymns on Lord's Supper i. 4 Our Passover was slain At Salem's hallow'd Place.
1878 R. Wilton Lyrics 109 Since Christ, our Passover, for us was slain, 'Tis our's to keep perpetual ‘holy day’.
1990 Christian Herald 9 June 7/3 Paul wrote in 1 Corinthians 5 of Christ as our passover sacrificed for us.
1996 Irish Times (Nexis) 6 Apr. 13 At the centre of our Easter communion we declare Christ our passover has been sacrificed.
II. Senses relating to to pass over at pass v. Phrasal verbs 1).
3. Now chiefly with lower-case initial. An act of passing from one state or condition to the next; spec. (a) the action of passing from this world to the next; (b) conversion from one religion to another.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > [noun]
hensithOE
qualmOE
bale-sithea1000
endingc1000
fallOE
forthsitheOE
soulingOE
life's endOE
deathOE
hethensithc1200
last end?c1225
forthfarec1275
dying1297
finec1300
partingc1300
endc1305
deceasec1330
departc1330
starving1340
passingc1350
latter enda1382
obita1382
perishingc1384
carrion1387
departing1388
finishmentc1400
trespassement14..
passing forthc1410
sesse1417
cess1419
fininga1425
resolutiona1425
departisona1450
passagea1450
departmentc1450
consummation?a1475
dormition1483
debt to (also of) naturea1513
dissolutionc1522
expirationa1530
funeral?a1534
change1543
departure1558
last change1574
transmigration1576
dissolving1577
shaking of the sheets?1577
departance1579
deceasure1580
mortality1582
deceasing1591
waftage1592
launching1599
quietus1603
doom1609
expire1612
expiring1612
period1613
defunctiona1616
Lethea1616
fail1623
dismissiona1631
set1635
passa1645
disanimation1646
suffering1651
abition1656
Passovera1662
latter (last) end1670
finis1682
exitus1706
perch1722
demission1735
demise1753
translation1760
transit1764
dropping1768
expiry1790
departal1823
finish1826
homegoing1866
the last (also final, great) round-up1879
snuffing1922
fade-out1924
thirty1929
appointment in Samarra1934
dirt nap1981
big chill1987
society > faith > worship > preaching > conversion > [noun]
conversationa1382
conversiona1400
convincementa1617
converting1633
discipling1653
convertism1716
conversionism1885
Passover1889
a1662 P. Heylyn Cyprianus Anglicus (1668) 530 On the Evening before his [sc. Laud's] Passover, the night before the dismal Combate betwixt him and Death.
1889 S. J. Eales tr. J. Mabillon Life & Wks. St. Bernard I. 35 When he made his passover, that is when he was converted from Judaism to Christianity.
1992 Independent (Nexis) 7 Mar. 33 The monstrous passage into the void becomes the passover into life.
1998 Contemp. Women's Issues Database (Nexis) An ever-recurring passover from slavery to freedom.
4. Scottish. An act of passing over or ignoring something in speech or writing; an intentional omission. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > [noun] > exclusion from a category, etc. > non-inclusion or omission
overleapOE
omissiona1440
overskippingc1450
setting bya1592
omittancea1616
elision1812
Passover1822
1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel II. iii. 53 I wish to Heaven I was mair worthy of the name; but let that be a pass-over.
1830 J. Galt Lawrie Todd I. i. i. 7 A passage in my history that should not be a passover.
1833 Fraser's Mag. Oct. 396 I could master the tenth chapter of Nehemiah, without making above a dozen pass-overs.
1890 Brechin Advertiser 9 Sept. There's some twa'r three fine farms o' which we canna mak' a passover.
5. concrete. A path or pass over hills. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, passage, or means of access to a place > [noun] > through hills or difficult ground
portc1275
pacec1330
close?a1400
destrayt1481
gate1601
gut1615
passc1650
defile1685
ghat1698
mountain pass1707
bealach1794
ca1795
poort1834
Passover1839
droke1848
gateway1884
1839 Z. Leonard Narr. Adventures (1904) 230 We..continued all day without any interruption, and in the evening encamped at the foot of the passover.

Compounds

General attributive, as Passover cake, Passover meal, Passover lamb, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > consumables > bread > [noun] > used or eaten at Passover
Passover cake1538
azyme1582
matzo1650
afikoman1842
society > faith > worship > sacrifice or a sacrifice > kinds of sacrifice > [noun] > of animal > lamb
Easter offeringa1387
pasch-lamba1400
paschal lamba1500
Passover1530
Passover lamb1538
paschal1656
1538 J. Bale God's Promises iv. sig. C.iv The passe ouer lambe, wyll be a token iust, Of thys stronge couenaunt.
1542 H. Brinkelow Lamentacion sig. Civ The Passouer lambe was a sygne, a toaken, and a remembraunce.
1611 Bible (King James) 2 Chron. xxxv. 7 Iosiah gaue to the people, of the flocke, lambes and kiddes, all for the Passeouer-offerings. View more context for this quotation
1753 Jewish Ritual 35 The eating of Matzah, i.e. Passover Cake.
1847 B. Disraeli Tancred III. vi. v. 201 ‘We are to be rewarded for our pains by eating passover cakes.’ ‘What are they?’ ‘Festival bread of the Hebrews, made in the new moon, with the milk of he-goats.’
1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Passover-bread, Passover-cake, a thin unleavened cake, used among the Jews at the festival of the Passover.
1886 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 15 42 Josephus mentions that the foreigners who came to worship at Jerusalem were not allowed to share the Passover meal.
1904 Jewish Encycl. VI. 142/2 The opinion of Friedmann..that special books containing the Passover service existed in Talmudic times.
1927 Amer. Mercury Feb. 207/1 Husbands knew that leckach was the ambrosia to accompany the nectary Passover wine.
1984 Christadelphian June 204/1 He could no longer take a lamb to the temple that the priests might slay it before he and his family ate it as the Passover meal.
2002 N. Drury Dict. Esoteric 216/2 Moed, in Judaism, the division of the Mishnah which deals with the laws of the sabbath, high holy days, Passover sacrifices, and similar laws to do with feasts.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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