overseern.

Brit.

/ˈəʊvəsɪə/, U.S.

/ˈoʊvərˌsɪ(ə)r/

Forms: see over- prefix and seer n.¹; also 1500s overseayar, 1500s overser, 1500s oveser.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: oversee v., -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < oversee v. + -er suffix¹.

a. A person who oversees others; a supervisor, a superintendent; a person in charge of a job or workforce.spec. (a) U.S. and Caribbean, a superintendent of slaves or other labourers on a plantation (now historical); (b) Australian the superintendent of a gang of convicts (now historical); (c) Australian the manager of a sheep station or other rural property.In quot. a1382: a prefect.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > superintendent > supervisor or overseer

overseera1382

warden1398

surveyorc1440

supervisorc1454

seer1498

supravisor1573

superviser1616

curator1632

curate1648

overvisor1653

surviewer1783

major-domo1835

boss boy1906

monitor1922

incharge1956

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to status > [noun] > overseer or foreman

stewarda1400

surveyorc1440

supervisorc1454

overlookera1513

workmaster1525

supervisora1529

foreman1574

superintendent1575

overman1606

headman1725

overseer1766

gang leader1775

hagmaster1797

maistry1798

gangsman1803

kangany1817

capataz1826

gangman1830

ganger1836

gaffer1841

gang boss1863

ramrod1881

charge-man1885

mandor1885

captain1886

overganger1887

ephor1890

pusher1901

gangster1913

line manager1960

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) 3 Kings iv. 7 Salamon forsoþe hadde twelue ouerseearys [a1425 Corpus Oxf. ouerseers; a1425 L.V. prefectis ether cheef minystrys; v.r. maistris; L. præfectos] vp on al israel þat ȝeeuen corn to þe kyng & to his hous.

c1475 Gregory's Chron. in J. Gairdner Hist. Coll. Citizen London (1876) 139 (MED) The Duchyes of Yorke and the Countas of Huntyngdone satte in the same syde, and the Duke of Gloucester was ovyr seer.

a1500 Twelve Profits of Tribulation (Rawl.) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 403 (MED) I haue seyen the desesis of my peple þat is in Egipt, & I haue herd hyr cryinge for þe duresse of hem þat bene ouerseers of þe werkes.

1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xix. f. 34 The name of a surueyour is a frenche name, and is as moche to say in Englysshe as an ouerseer.

1531 W. Tyndale Answere Mores Dialoge f. viij^v Those ouersears which we now call bisshopes aftir the greke worde, were all waye bydynge in one place to gouerne the congregacion there.

1609 in S. M. Kingsbury Rec. Virginia Company (1933) III. 21 You must appointe some man of Care and still in that worke to ouersee them..and you must ordayne yt euery ouerseer of such a nomber of workemen Deliuer once a weeke an accounte.

1644 J. Vicars Jehovah-jireh 206 Over-seers of the Out-workes of the City.

1766 W. Stork Acct. E.-Florida 62 The overseer, and other white servants, will..be hired much cheaper in a plentiful and good climate, than in a scarce and sickly one.

1788 D. Collins Acct. Eng. Colony New S. Wales (1798) I. 33 Had a few persons been sent out who were not of the description of convicts, to have acted as overseers, or superintendents.

1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany III. 423 There was a disturbance in Göttingen, because the overseers of the commune were at first hostile.

1882 ‘Ouida’ In Maremma I. 24 Saturnino to be..set to work with an axe or a spade in dockyard or on highway, and cowed with the whip of the overseer.

1913 E. P. Stewart Let. 23 Jan. in Lett. Woman Homesteader (1914) xx I had to be housekeeper, nurse, doctor, and general overseer.

1987 Stock & Land (Melbourne) 17 Dec. 2 Former jackaroos, overseers, managers and their wives were invited to a Riverina Reunion.

†b. Law. A person appointed by the testator to supervise or assist the executor(s) of a will. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > transfer of property > testamentary disposition > [noun] > management or disposal of estate > one who > one who assists or supervises

overseer1402

surveyor1420

survisor1449

supervisor1456

oversman1540

overman1557

superviser1616

1402 Will in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 212 My seketours, William kyllet of Essex..John Cosyn of london, ouerseer, þat my wylle be fulfylyd in þe worschip of god.

1459 in A. Clark Lincoln Diocese Documents (1914) 118 (MED) Maister Thomas Whitfeld..I haue prayed to be ouerseer of this said Testament, assistent and helper of her.

?a1500 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 314 (MED) Too secuturs and an overseere make thre theves.

1532 T. Elyot Let. in Bk. named Gouernour (1880) I. Introd. p. lxxvii The Busshop..is in the case that overseers of testamentes be in England, for he shall have leve to looke so that he meddle not.

1612 J. More in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 124 The great pains he hath taken..to strengthen his will with so powerful overseers, and to make so cunning executors.

1667 P. Henry Acct. Exec. Will D. Mathewes in Diaries & Lett. (1882) 206 For mourning clothes for myself, my wife, my son John, and Cosin Martha Warter, as was thought fit by the overseers of the will—£12. 6s. 8d.

1694 in Rothesay Town Council Rec. (1935) II. 495 Oversier.

c. In full overseer of (also †for) the poor. In England and Wales: a parish officer responsible for organizing relief and employment for the poor, and later for some further parish and municipal duties. In some U.S. states: an official appointed to supervise the administration of relief to the poor. Now historical.The office of overseer was created with limited powers in 1572 in Act 14 Eliz. c. 5, but its functions were expanded in 1601 in Act 43 Eliz. c. 2. Overseers were appointed annually, and their original duties were defined to include organizing work for paupers, apprenticing poor children, giving relief to the disabled poor, and levying rates for these purposes. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the chief duties were to assess, collect, and distribute the ‘Poor Rate’ (the actual relief of the poor in most cases belonging to the ‘guardians of the poor’; see guardian n. 1b), and to draw up voting lists and jury lists. The office was unpaid, but, where the duties required it, paid or assistant overseers could be appointed under the Poor Relief Act of 1816. The duties regarding rating were transferred to rating authorities by the Overseers Order of 1927.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > parish official > [noun] > responsible for relief of poor

overseerc1600

relieving officer1677

Guardian of the Poor1782

pass-master1818

poormaster1853

c1600 Addr. Inhabitants of Finsbury in P. Henslowe Diary (1961) 290 George Garland overseer for o^r poore.

1601 Act 43 Eliz. c. 2 §1 Be it enacted..That the Churchwardens of euery Parish, and foure, three, or two substantiall householders..to be nominated yearely in Easter weeke..shall be called Ouerseers of the Poore of the same Parish.

1633 P. Massinger New Way to pay Old Debts i. i. sig. B2 The poore Income..hath made mee..Thought worthy to bee Scauinger, and in time May rise to be Ouerseer of the poore.

1713 H. Prideaux Direct. Church-wardens (ed. 3) 21 The Church-wardens were anciently the sole Overseers of the Poor.

1760 Boston Gaz. 13 Feb. Yesterday there was a general Visitation of the Town by the Justices of the Peace, Selectmen and Overseers of the Poor.

1796 T. Butler Diary 5 May (?1919) 31 I went down to K. Bridge to the Town's Meeting respecting settling the Overseyor of the Poor's Acc^ts.

1827 B. Drake & E. C. Mansfield Cincinnati 20 Each country is subdivided into a number of townships, in which trustees, overseers of the poor, with other local officers, are annually elected.

1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt I. Introd. 5 The inhabitants..were in much less awe of the parson than of the overseer.

1992 Coin Monthly Feb. 55/2 [Workhouse tokens were] similar in scope and purpose to the ordinary token but issued by local Overseers of the Poor.

d. U.S. A member of a governing board of officials appointed to manage the affairs of a college or university, esp. Harvard College, Massachusetts.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > educational administration > university administration > [noun] > governing body > member(s) of

fellow1584

curator1612

overseer1643

senior1645

Senior Fellow1651

regent1790

1643 New Englands First Fruits 13 Over the Colledge are twelve Overseers chosen by the generall Court.

1723 in B. Peirce Hist. Harvard Univ. (1833) 115 The memorial of the Overseers of Harvard College.

1812 in Proc. Mass. Hist. Soc. (1890) 2nd Ser. 5 176 [Harvard Commencement] The Corporation and Overseers arrived at 20 minutes past ten.

1832 W. D. Williamson Hist. Maine II. 563 Its government was committed to a board of 13 Trustees, including the President, and a supervisory body of 45 Overseers.

1900 Dial. Notes 47 Overseers, board of, a special governing board of Harvard, chosen by the alumni from their own number.

1946 Sat. Rev. Lit. (U.S.) 14 Sept. 5 Then he too retired, but was promptly elected to a seat on the Board of Harvard Overseers.

1992 M. Anderson Imposters in Temple v. 166 One might also wonder where the distinguished overseers of Harvard were when the scandals erupted in their university.

e. Chiefly U.S. Also with capital initial. A person chosen by a church or religious society to serve as a local or regional leader; spec. a member of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) responsible for the pastoral supervision of a congregation.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > laity > lay functionaries > overseer > [noun]

overseer1756

1756 T. Turner Diary 19 Apr. (1984) (modernized text) 38 I went down again [to the vestry]... The officers chosen for the year 1756 was: Jos. Fuller, churchwarden; John Vine Sr., electioner; myself, overseer.

1785 Bk. of Discipline New Eng. Yearly Meeting Soc. of Friends 39 That each monthly meeting choose two or more sober and judicious men friends, and two or more women friends, to be overseers in each preparative-meeting, which overseers are to render account of their service to the monthly meeting at least once a quarter, and to be annually appointed or re-chosen.

1813 E. Gerry, Jr. Diary 16 May (1927) 62 A respectable old gentleman, probably an overseer, offered to conduct us to the meeting.

1832 W. D. Williamson Hist. Maine II. 699 Each society [of Quakers] has at least four Overseers, two males and two females.

1921 R. M. Jones Later Periods Quakerism I. iv. 132 Like the Elders, they had no absolute rules to guide them, but there slowly accumulated..a body of Advices and Queries which furnished the Overseers with a pretty clear line of procedure.

1963 A. Heron Towards Quaker View of Sex i. 7 Particularly does this apply to elders and overseers in the Society of Friends.

1974 G. Hubbard Quaker by Convincement iv. iii. 209 The responsibilities of Overseers are to encourage attendance at Meetings for Worship and for business, to exercise a care over younger members and children and those in need of assistance, [etc.].

†2. A person who looks down from above; an onlooker, a spectator. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > one who sees > [noun] > beholder or spectator

showerOE

beholderc1374

lookera1382

espiouressc1430

considererc1449

overseerc1450

regarder1525

surveyor1558

viewer1565

spectatora1586

regardant1590

aspector1603

supervisor1610

eyer1611

spectatrix1611

spectatress1632

speculator1647

contemplator1658

attender1665

espier1860

c1450 Seven Sages (Arun.: Campbell) 190 in Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. (1899) 14 99 (MED) God of heuen, þe hyȝe kynge, þat is ouer-sear of all þynge, Sende Ypocras for his treson, þe foul rankkeland menyson.

1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Qvi^v Hauing a trust and affiaunce in such ouerseers [sc. the dead, earlier called ‘beholders’ and ‘witnesses’].

1562 W. Turner Bk. Natures Bathes Eng. Pref., in 2nd Pt. Herball If that I write not so perfitly of it, as sum perfit idle overseers would that I shuld have done.

a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 252 Study..to be approved of so glorious witnesses and overseeres.

†3. A person who scrutinizes a text in order to criticize or correct it; a censor, a critic, an editor. Cf. oversee v. 3a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > [noun] > the act of revising a text > one who

overseer1597

society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary and textual criticism > textual criticism > [noun] > critical revision of text > one who

supervisor1592

overseer1597

revisor1598

reviser1604

recognizer1608

reformeress1611

reviewer1611

new-modeller1649

reformer1656

diaskeuast1822

recensor1827

recensionist1849

rewriter1854

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. xxxi. 66 There are in the world certaine voluntarie ouerseers of all bookes, whose censure in this respect would fall as sharpe on vs.

1624 W. Bedell Copies Certaine Lett. vii. 116 In the Margent,..the ouerseers of Plantines edition, set this note.

1642 D. Rogers Naaman To Rdr. sig. C That I may be the overseer of mine owne Bookes.

1685 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 133 Half the verses that were made for the said book were cast aside by the overseers, Dr. Aldrich and Jane.

Derivatives

† overseerism n. Obsolete rare the system of overseers used by landowners.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > superintendent > supervisor or overseer > system of

overseerism1870

1870 Athenæum 3 Dec. 721 A dark and melancholy wild, where..Absenteeism, Overseerism, all sorts of other ‘isms’ gather griffin-like around the porches of the proud..land-proprietors.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	overseer
释义	overseern. Brit. /ˈəʊvəsɪə/, U.S. /ˈoʊvərˌsɪ(ə)r/ Forms: see over- prefix and seer n.¹; also 1500s overseayar, 1500s overser, 1500s oveser. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: oversee v., -er suffix¹. Etymology: < oversee v. + -er suffix¹. 1. a. A person who oversees others; a supervisor, a superintendent; a person in charge of a job or workforce.spec. (a) U.S. and Caribbean, a superintendent of slaves or other labourers on a plantation (now historical); (b) Australian the superintendent of a gang of convicts (now historical); (c) Australian the manager of a sheep station or other rural property.In quot. a1382: a prefect. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > superintendent > supervisor or overseer overseera1382 warden1398 surveyorc1440 supervisorc1454 seer1498 supravisor1573 superviser1616 curator1632 curate1648 overvisor1653 surviewer1783 major-domo1835 boss boy1906 monitor1922 incharge1956 society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to status > [noun] > overseer or foreman stewarda1400 surveyorc1440 supervisorc1454 overlookera1513 workmaster1525 supervisora1529 foreman1574 superintendent1575 overman1606 headman1725 overseer1766 gang leader1775 hagmaster1797 maistry1798 gangsman1803 kangany1817 capataz1826 gangman1830 ganger1836 gaffer1841 gang boss1863 ramrod1881 charge-man1885 mandor1885 captain1886 overganger1887 ephor1890 pusher1901 gangster1913 line manager1960 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) 3 Kings iv. 7 Salamon forsoþe hadde twelue ouerseearys [a1425 Corpus Oxf. ouerseers; a1425 L.V. prefectis ether cheef minystrys; v.r. maistris; L. præfectos] vp on al israel þat ȝeeuen corn to þe kyng & to his hous. c1475 Gregory's Chron. in J. Gairdner Hist. Coll. Citizen London (1876) 139 (MED) The Duchyes of Yorke and the Countas of Huntyngdone satte in the same syde, and the Duke of Gloucester was ovyr seer. a1500 Twelve Profits of Tribulation (Rawl.) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 403 (MED) I haue seyen the desesis of my peple þat is in Egipt, & I haue herd hyr cryinge for þe duresse of hem þat bene ouerseers of þe werkes. 1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xix. f. 34 The name of a surueyour is a frenche name, and is as moche to say in Englysshe as an ouerseer. 1531 W. Tyndale Answere Mores Dialoge f. viij^v Those ouersears which we now call bisshopes aftir the greke worde, were all waye bydynge in one place to gouerne the congregacion there. 1609 in S. M. Kingsbury Rec. Virginia Company (1933) III. 21 You must appointe some man of Care and still in that worke to ouersee them..and you must ordayne yt euery ouerseer of such a nomber of workemen Deliuer once a weeke an accounte. 1644 J. Vicars Jehovah-jireh 206 Over-seers of the Out-workes of the City. 1766 W. Stork Acct. E.-Florida 62 The overseer, and other white servants, will..be hired much cheaper in a plentiful and good climate, than in a scarce and sickly one. 1788 D. Collins Acct. Eng. Colony New S. Wales (1798) I. 33 Had a few persons been sent out who were not of the description of convicts, to have acted as overseers, or superintendents. 1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany III. 423 There was a disturbance in Göttingen, because the overseers of the commune were at first hostile. 1882 ‘Ouida’ In Maremma I. 24 Saturnino to be..set to work with an axe or a spade in dockyard or on highway, and cowed with the whip of the overseer. 1913 E. P. Stewart Let. 23 Jan. in Lett. Woman Homesteader (1914) xx I had to be housekeeper, nurse, doctor, and general overseer. 1987 Stock & Land (Melbourne) 17 Dec. 2 Former jackaroos, overseers, managers and their wives were invited to a Riverina Reunion. †b. Law. A person appointed by the testator to supervise or assist the executor(s) of a will. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > law > transfer of property > testamentary disposition > [noun] > management or disposal of estate > one who > one who assists or supervises overseer1402 surveyor1420 survisor1449 supervisor1456 oversman1540 overman1557 superviser1616 1402 Will in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 212 My seketours, William kyllet of Essex..John Cosyn of london, ouerseer, þat my wylle be fulfylyd in þe worschip of god. 1459 in A. Clark Lincoln Diocese Documents (1914) 118 (MED) Maister Thomas Whitfeld..I haue prayed to be ouerseer of this said Testament, assistent and helper of her. ?a1500 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 314 (MED) Too secuturs and an overseere make thre theves. 1532 T. Elyot Let. in Bk. named Gouernour (1880) I. Introd. p. lxxvii The Busshop..is in the case that overseers of testamentes be in England, for he shall have leve to looke so that he meddle not. 1612 J. More in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 124 The great pains he hath taken..to strengthen his will with so powerful overseers, and to make so cunning executors. 1667 P. Henry Acct. Exec. Will D. Mathewes in Diaries & Lett. (1882) 206 For mourning clothes for myself, my wife, my son John, and Cosin Martha Warter, as was thought fit by the overseers of the will—£12. 6s. 8d. 1694 in Rothesay Town Council Rec. (1935) II. 495 Oversier. c. In full overseer of (also †for) the poor. In England and Wales: a parish officer responsible for organizing relief and employment for the poor, and later for some further parish and municipal duties. In some U.S. states: an official appointed to supervise the administration of relief to the poor. Now historical.The office of overseer was created with limited powers in 1572 in Act 14 Eliz. c. 5, but its functions were expanded in 1601 in Act 43 Eliz. c. 2. Overseers were appointed annually, and their original duties were defined to include organizing work for paupers, apprenticing poor children, giving relief to the disabled poor, and levying rates for these purposes. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the chief duties were to assess, collect, and distribute the ‘Poor Rate’ (the actual relief of the poor in most cases belonging to the ‘guardians of the poor’; see guardian n. 1b), and to draw up voting lists and jury lists. The office was unpaid, but, where the duties required it, paid or assistant overseers could be appointed under the Poor Relief Act of 1816. The duties regarding rating were transferred to rating authorities by the Overseers Order of 1927. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > parish official > [noun] > responsible for relief of poor overseerc1600 relieving officer1677 Guardian of the Poor1782 pass-master1818 poormaster1853 c1600 Addr. Inhabitants of Finsbury in P. Henslowe Diary (1961) 290 George Garland overseer for o^r poore. 1601 Act 43 Eliz. c. 2 §1 Be it enacted..That the Churchwardens of euery Parish, and foure, three, or two substantiall householders..to be nominated yearely in Easter weeke..shall be called Ouerseers of the Poore of the same Parish. 1633 P. Massinger New Way to pay Old Debts i. i. sig. B2 The poore Income..hath made mee..Thought worthy to bee Scauinger, and in time May rise to be Ouerseer of the poore. 1713 H. Prideaux Direct. Church-wardens (ed. 3) 21 The Church-wardens were anciently the sole Overseers of the Poor. 1760 Boston Gaz. 13 Feb. Yesterday there was a general Visitation of the Town by the Justices of the Peace, Selectmen and Overseers of the Poor. 1796 T. Butler Diary 5 May (?1919) 31 I went down to K. Bridge to the Town's Meeting respecting settling the Overseyor of the Poor's Acc^ts. 1827 B. Drake & E. C. Mansfield Cincinnati 20 Each country is subdivided into a number of townships, in which trustees, overseers of the poor, with other local officers, are annually elected. 1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt I. Introd. 5 The inhabitants..were in much less awe of the parson than of the overseer. 1992 Coin Monthly Feb. 55/2 [Workhouse tokens were] similar in scope and purpose to the ordinary token but issued by local Overseers of the Poor. d. U.S. A member of a governing board of officials appointed to manage the affairs of a college or university, esp. Harvard College, Massachusetts. ΘΚΠ society > education > educational administration > university administration > [noun] > governing body > member(s) of fellow1584 curator1612 overseer1643 senior1645 Senior Fellow1651 regent1790 1643 New Englands First Fruits 13 Over the Colledge are twelve Overseers chosen by the generall Court. 1723 in B. Peirce Hist. Harvard Univ. (1833) 115 The memorial of the Overseers of Harvard College. 1812 in Proc. Mass. Hist. Soc. (1890) 2nd Ser. 5 176 [Harvard Commencement] The Corporation and Overseers arrived at 20 minutes past ten. 1832 W. D. Williamson Hist. Maine II. 563 Its government was committed to a board of 13 Trustees, including the President, and a supervisory body of 45 Overseers. 1900 Dial. Notes 47 Overseers, board of, a special governing board of Harvard, chosen by the alumni from their own number. 1946 Sat. Rev. Lit. (U.S.) 14 Sept. 5 Then he too retired, but was promptly elected to a seat on the Board of Harvard Overseers. 1992 M. Anderson Imposters in Temple v. 166 One might also wonder where the distinguished overseers of Harvard were when the scandals erupted in their university. e. Chiefly U.S. Also with capital initial. A person chosen by a church or religious society to serve as a local or regional leader; spec. a member of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) responsible for the pastoral supervision of a congregation. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > laity > lay functionaries > overseer > [noun] overseer1756 1756 T. Turner Diary 19 Apr. (1984) (modernized text) 38 I went down again [to the vestry]... The officers chosen for the year 1756 was: Jos. Fuller, churchwarden; John Vine Sr., electioner; myself, overseer. 1785 Bk. of Discipline New Eng. Yearly Meeting Soc. of Friends 39 That each monthly meeting choose two or more sober and judicious men friends, and two or more women friends, to be overseers in each preparative-meeting, which overseers are to render account of their service to the monthly meeting at least once a quarter, and to be annually appointed or re-chosen. 1813 E. Gerry, Jr. Diary 16 May (1927) 62 A respectable old gentleman, probably an overseer, offered to conduct us to the meeting. 1832 W. D. Williamson Hist. Maine II. 699 Each society [of Quakers] has at least four Overseers, two males and two females. 1921 R. M. Jones Later Periods Quakerism I. iv. 132 Like the Elders, they had no absolute rules to guide them, but there slowly accumulated..a body of Advices and Queries which furnished the Overseers with a pretty clear line of procedure. 1963 A. Heron Towards Quaker View of Sex i. 7 Particularly does this apply to elders and overseers in the Society of Friends. 1974 G. Hubbard Quaker by Convincement iv. iii. 209 The responsibilities of Overseers are to encourage attendance at Meetings for Worship and for business, to exercise a care over younger members and children and those in need of assistance, [etc.]. †2. A person who looks down from above; an onlooker, a spectator. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > one who sees > [noun] > beholder or spectator showerOE beholderc1374 lookera1382 espiouressc1430 considererc1449 overseerc1450 regarder1525 surveyor1558 viewer1565 spectatora1586 regardant1590 aspector1603 supervisor1610 eyer1611 spectatrix1611 spectatress1632 speculator1647 contemplator1658 attender1665 espier1860 c1450 Seven Sages (Arun.: Campbell) 190 in Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. (1899) 14 99 (MED) God of heuen, þe hyȝe kynge, þat is ouer-sear of all þynge, Sende Ypocras for his treson, þe foul rankkeland menyson. 1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Qvi^v Hauing a trust and affiaunce in such ouerseers [sc. the dead, earlier called ‘beholders’ and ‘witnesses’]. 1562 W. Turner Bk. Natures Bathes Eng. Pref., in 2nd Pt. Herball If that I write not so perfitly of it, as sum perfit idle overseers would that I shuld have done. a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 252 Study..to be approved of so glorious witnesses and overseeres. †3. A person who scrutinizes a text in order to criticize or correct it; a censor, a critic, an editor. Cf. oversee v. 3a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > [noun] > the act of revising a text > one who overseer1597 society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary and textual criticism > textual criticism > [noun] > critical revision of text > one who supervisor1592 overseer1597 revisor1598 reviser1604 recognizer1608 reformeress1611 reviewer1611 new-modeller1649 reformer1656 diaskeuast1822 recensor1827 recensionist1849 rewriter1854 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. xxxi. 66 There are in the world certaine voluntarie ouerseers of all bookes, whose censure in this respect would fall as sharpe on vs. 1624 W. Bedell Copies Certaine Lett. vii. 116 In the Margent,..the ouerseers of Plantines edition, set this note. 1642 D. Rogers Naaman To Rdr. sig. C That I may be the overseer of mine owne Bookes. 1685 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 133 Half the verses that were made for the said book were cast aside by the overseers, Dr. Aldrich and Jane. Derivatives † overseerism n. Obsolete rare the system of overseers used by landowners. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > superintendent > supervisor or overseer > system of overseerism1870 1870 Athenæum 3 Dec. 721 A dark and melancholy wild, where..Absenteeism, Overseerism, all sorts of other ‘isms’ gather griffin-like around the porches of the proud..land-proprietors. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). overseerv. Brit. /ˈəʊvəsɪə/, U.S. /ˈoʊvərˌsɪ(ə)r/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: overseer n. Etymology: < overseer n. transitive. To act as overseer of; to supervise, superintend, take charge of. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > [verb (transitive)] > superintend overseec1330 overwaitc1449 overlook1532 supervise1566 superintend1596 supravise1604 supervise1653 superinspect1675 intend1791 targe1814 oversight1885 overseer1892 honcho1957 1709 R. Thoresby Diary II. 50 Both days entirely spent with labourers directing and overseering the sows [= ‘sews’, drains] to drain water. c1800 in Occas. Papers Univ. Sydney Lang. Res. Centre (1981) No. 19. 48 You must take charge of the Jail gange and overseer them. 1827 R. Emmons Fredoniad II. xii. 44 Proctor the great! who, when his race is run On this terrene, in hell shall overseer The damn'd of the infernal hemisphere. 1892 Daily News 25 Jan. 5/4 The forest is, at present, overseered and cared for by the..deputy surveyor, with three assistants [etc.]. 1940 C. S. Sherrington Man on his Nature vii. 222 Observation indicates rather a roof-brain which overseers subordinate mechanisms. 2001 Sunday Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 24 June 21 Dale Monteith and new racecourse manager Terry Watson..together overseered the highly successful reconstruction work at Caulfield. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1382v.1709
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overseern.

Derivatives

overseerv.