† outrayn.

Forms: late Middle English outeraye, late Middle English owtraye, late Middle English–1500s outray, late Middle English–1500s outraye, late Middle English–1500s owtray, 1600s outraie.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: outray v.¹

Etymology: < outray v.¹ Compare earlier outrage n., and also outraious adj.

Obsolete.

1. A violent act, an outrage; violence; aberrancy, sinfulness.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > harm or injury > [noun]

loathc900

teenOE

ungrithlOE

wemming1100

waningc1175

wrongc1275

prejudicec1300

derea1325

torferc1325

eviltyc1330

griefc1330

wem1338

injurec1374

truitc1390

noyinga1398

inconvenience14..

nocument?a1425

outraya1425

injuryc1430

mischieving1432

supprise1442

incommodityc1450

interess1489

grudge1491

tort1532

wreaka1542

impeachment1548

inconveniency1553

indemnity1556

interestc1575

abuse1595

mischievance1600

oblesion1656

grit1876

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > ill-treatment > [noun]

mishandlinga1393

deraya1400

villainya1400

outraya1425

mistreating1453

mispersoning1522

misentreating1531

misusing1548

misusage1555

misuse1591

abuse1595

hard measure1611

ill usage1621

evil-usage1645

ill-treatment1667

maltreatment1702

mistreatment1716

punishment1811

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > [noun] > reckless or riotous

outragec1300

outraya1425

reeling1487

stroke and strifec1510

rampage1860

rampageousness1883

wilding1989

a1425 (a1396) R. Maidstone Paraphr. Seven Penitential Psalms (BL Add. 39574) 110 in M. Day Wheatley MS (1921) 24 (MED) I haue mister to make mones, That haue doon many a wylde outray; I cry the mercy, Kyng of Thrones.

R. Misyn tr. R. Rolle Fire of Love 80 (MED) I haf risyn to lufe, þat before in diuers owtrays of myn errors has sleep & with dyrknes vmbelappyd.

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xvii. 63 (MED) I have sein so moche be Owtraye That non Erthly Man ne Owhte to have saye.

a1500 (?a1425) Ipomedon (Harl.) (1889) 2188 (MED) I herd vppon a day Of þe duke, þat made outray.

?a1525 (?a1475) Mandeville & Sultan 78 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 157 About a thowsand yere this did begyn After Cristes byrthe, in most outraye.

c1550 Contempl. Synnaris (Harl.) l. 1360 in J. A. W. Bennett Devotional Pieces (1955) 155 And vs refrene of syn fra all owtray.

1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 158 He start vp stoutly agane..For anger of that outray that he had thair tane.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 134 With..great cruelty they committed outraies along these shores.

?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xxiii. 320 You..know well, the outraies that engage All yong mens actions.

2. Perhaps: an outing, a foray. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > an act or instance of

forthcomec1000

outlope?1241

going-outc1350

forthgoing1382

excourse?1520

forthcoming1533

outcoming1548

Exodus1623

outray?1624

?1624 G. Chapman tr. Hymn to Hermes in tr. Crowne Homers Wks. 80 The cat and night-hawke, who much skathe confer On all the outraies, where for food I erre.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

outrayv.¹

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈreɪ/, U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈreɪ/

Forms: Middle English outeray, Middle English owtray, Middle English owtraye, Middle English owttraye, Middle English–1500s outraye, Middle English–1600s outray; English regional (northern) 1800s– ootray, 1800s– outray. Past tense Middle English outraide, Middle English outraied, Middle English outrayd, Middle English outrayde, Middle English outrayed, Middle English outreyd, Middle English outtrad; also Scottish pre-1700 outrayd. Past participle Middle English outraed, Middle English outraied, Middle English outrayed, Middle English outrayede, Middle English outreyed, Middle English ovtrayde, Middle English owttrayed, Middle English owttrayede; also Scottish pre-1700 outrayde.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French ultreier.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman ultreier, outreier, outraier, etc. (apparently < an unattested post-classical Latin derivative of classical Latin ultrā beyond), practically identical in sense with the related Anglo-Norman and Old French ultrer , outrer (see outrance n.). Compare outrage v.¹, which is ultimately from the same base and shows considerable semantic overlap in early use.In sense 1a the sense development has perhaps been affected by association with ray v.¹ or ray n.⁶; compare quots. a1387, ?1609 at sense 1a.

Now English regional (northern), rare.

†a. intransitive. To go beyond or exceed bounds; to stray; to break away from a certain place, or from established norms; to become separated (from); to become disarrayed. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (intransitive)] > stray or go astray

dwelec900

miswendOE

to fare astray (misliche, amiss)c1175

to step astray, awry, beside1297

weyec1315

outrayc1330

strayc1330

waivea1375

forvay1390

outwandera1400

stragglea1425

waverc1485

wander?1507

swerve1543

wift?a1560

random1561

estray1572

egar1584

to go a-strayinga1586

to step aside1787

err1819

moider1839

maverick1910

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > form or reform [verb (intransitive)] > fall into line > fall out of line or rank

outrayc1330

disrange1485

disarray1523

disorder1523

straggle?1530

square1583

disrank1606

to fall out1623

c1330 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Auch.) 127 in Englische Studien (1885) 8 119 (MED) Bifel so þat anoble stede Outreyd [c1450 Add. owterane allane] fram a peynim.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 243 [Þe Normans..tornede aȝen uppon þe Englische men] þat outrayed [c1410 Add. MS were out of aray; ?a1475 anon. tr. were dispersede; L. dispersos] and chased hem.

c1395 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 643 This warne I yow that ye nat sodeynly Out of your self for no wo sholde outraye; Beth pacient.

?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iii. pr. vi. 56 Gentil men..ne shulde nat owtrayen [L. degeneret] or forlyven fro the vertus of hir noble kynrede.

a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 6528 (MED) He shal comforte his folke..And holde hem to-gidre faste so Þat nouþer outraye oþer fro.

?1609 G. Chapman tr. Homer Twelue Bks. Iliads v. 88 Your foes durst not a foot addresse, Without their Ports..And now they outray to your fleete.

b. intransitive. To go beyond the bounds of moderation or propriety; to offend; to be extravagant. English regional (northern) in later use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > lack of moderation or restraint > act immoderately or without restraint [verb (intransitive)]

overdoa1325

outragea1387

surfeitc1400

outraya1450

exceed1488

lasha1560

overlash1579

overlaunch1579

wanton1631

extravagate1829

wallow1876

to hit the high spots1891

to go overboard1931

a1450 York Plays (1885) 323 (MED) Agayne Sir Cesar hym selfe he segges and saies, All þe wightis in this world wirkis in waste Þat takis hym any tribute; þus his teching outrayes.

1624 T. Jackson Christs Answer §14 Reason itself must be regulated..otherwise it will outray farther in its desires than sense.

1625 T. Jackson Treat. Originall of Vnbeliefe v. v. §8 Without whose lists should he tempt them to outray much in notorious dissoluteness.

1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) Oot ray, to exceed propriety.

2. transitive. To go beyond, overcome; to surpass, excel; †to vanquish, crush (obsolete). English regional (northern) in later use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > ill-treatment > ill-treat [verb (transitive)]

tuckc888

tawc893

misbedeOE

graithc1330

to fare fair or foul with1340

misusea1382

outrayc1390

beshrewc1430

huspelc1440

misentreat1450

mistreat1453

abuse?1473

to mayne evil1481

demean1483

to put (a person) to villainya1513

harry1530

mishandle1530

touse1531

misorder1550

worrya1556

yark1565

mumble1588

buse1589

crow-tread1593

disabuse1607

maltreat1681

squeeze1691

ill-treat1794

punish1801

tousle1826

ill-use1841

razoo1890

mess1896

to play horse with1896

to bugger about1921

slug1925

to give (a person) the works1927

to kick about or around1938

mess1963

the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > have or gain mastery or superiority over [verb (transitive)] > overcome or overwhelm

overcomeeOE

overgangOE

overnimOE

overswivec1175

foldc1275

overgoc1275

to bear downc1330

oversetc1330

outrayc1390

overleada1393

overreach?a1425

overwhelmc1425

to whelve overc1440

overruna1475

surprise1474

overpress1489

surbatea1500

overhale1531

overbear1535

overcrow1550

disable1582

surgain1586

overpower1597

overman1609

to come over ——1637

to run down1655

overpower1667

compel1697

to get over ——1784

overget1877

to grab (also take) by the balls1934

the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > have or gain mastery or superiority over [verb (transitive)] > overcome or defeat

shendc893

overwinOE

overheaveOE

mate?c1225

to say checkmatea1346

vanquishc1366

stightlea1375

outrayc1390

to put undera1393

forbeat1393

to shave (a person's) beardc1412

to put to (also at, unto) the (also one's) worsec1425

adawc1440

supprisec1440

to knock downc1450

to put to the worsta1475

waurc1475

convanquish1483

to put out1485

trima1529

convince1548

foil1548

whip1571

evict1596

superate1598

reduce1605

convict1607

defail1608

cast1610

banga1616

evince1620

worst1646

conquer1655

cuffa1657

trounce1657

to ride down1670

outdo1677

routa1704

lurcha1716

fling1790

bowl1793

lick1800

beat1801

mill1810

to row (someone) up Salt River1828

defeat1830

sack1830

skunk1832

whop1836

pip1838

throw1850

to clean out1858

take1864

wallop1865

to sock it to1877

whack1877

to clean up1888

to beat out1893

to see off1919

to lower the boom on1920

tonk1926

clobber1944

ace1950

to run into the ground1955

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > expel > specific people from a place, position, or possession

outshoveOE

to do out of ——OE

shovec1200

to put out of ——c1225

to cast out1297

void13..

usurpa1325

to put outa1350

outputa1382

outrayc1390

excludea1400

expulse?a1475

expel1490

to shut forth1513

to put forth1526

to turn out1546

depel?1548

disseisin1548

evict1548

exturb1603

debout1619

wincha1626

disseise1627

out-pusha1631

howster1642

oust1656

out1823

purge1825

the bum's rush1910

outplace1928

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)]

overstyeOE

overshinec1175

overgoc1225

passc1225

surmountc1369

forpassc1374

overmatcha1375

overpassa1382

to pass overa1393

overcomec1400

outpass?a1425

exceedc1425

precedec1425

superexcelc1429

transcendc1430

precel?a1439

outcut1447

overgrowc1475

to come over ——a1479

excel1493

overleapa1500

vanquish1533

outweigh1534

prevent1540

better1548

preferc1550

outgo1553

surpassa1555

exsuperate1559

cote1566

overtop1567

outrun1575

outstrip1579

outsail1580

overruna1586

pre-excel1587

outbid1589

outbrave1589

out-cote1589

top1590

outmatch1593

outvie1594

superate1595

surbravec1600

oversile1608

over-height1611

overstride1614

outdoa1616

outlustrea1616

outpeera1616

outstrikea1616

outrival1622

antecede1624

out-top1624

antecell1625

out-pitch1627

over-merit1629

outblazea1634

surmatch1636

overdoa1640

overact1643

outact1644

worst1646

overspana1657

outsoar1674

outdazzle1691

to cut down1713

ding1724

to cut out1738

cap1821

by-pass1848

overtower1850

pretergress1851

outray1876

outreach1879

cut1884

outperform1937

outrate1955

one-up1963

c1390 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 202 (MED) Hasti men ben ofte outrayede Whon heore tonges ben to preste.

c1440 (a1400) Awntyrs Arthure (Thornton) 311 The childe playes hym at the balle That salle owtraye [v.r. outray] ȝow alle.

a1456 J. Lydgate Bycorne & Chychevache (Trin. Cambr. R.3.20) 123 in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 437 (MED) Wymmen haue made hem self so stronge For to outraye Humylyte.

a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) 6068 (MED) To blanchard, his stede, he saide..‘vppon the I was neuer ovtrayde.’

a1529 J. Skelton Phyllyp Sparowe (?1545) sig. A.iii^v Where Cerberus doth barke..Whom Hecules dyd outraye.

1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 369 (MED) They two warryed with mighty suffycience Vpon the duke of Burgoyne, and hym outrayed.

1630 ‘M. Car’ tr. St. Francis de Sales Treat. Loue of God x. xvi. 646 The same Spirit, which did embolden them to this exploite, did also gouerne the raynes of their iust wroth, least they might out raye their prefixed bounds.

1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Outray, to outshine; to excel.

†3. intransitive. To act violently; to do harm or injury; to commit outrages. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > behave violently or use force [verb (intransitive)]

to do outragec1325

to make forcea1340

deray1340

outrayc1390

to make strengtha1393

tar and tig?a1500

bull1884

strong-arm1906

to kick ass1977

to get medieval1994

c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) 717 Ȝif that his enemys ouȝt outrayed, To chartis [read chastis] hem wolde he not lete.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. 1960 (MED) He..made lawes..Among the Grekis..Ther vicious liff bi vertu to restreyne; And who outraied was punshid with the peyne.

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xlvi. 41 (MED) Anon kyng Mordrayns gan to Owtraye, and Al the Contre gan for to Afraye, and brend bothe Castel and town.

†4. transitive. To put or drive out of a place; to expel. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. 4482 (heading) How Enagora kyng of Cipre was bi Artaxerses outraied and put from his kyngdam.

a1456 ( J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 628 (MED) Þy fader..Woyded al Cokil fer oute of Syon..Outraying foreyns þat came frome Babylon.

†5. transitive. To treat violently; to injure, insult, abuse. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [verb (transitive)] > to person or thing

werdec725

wemc900

forworkOE

evilc1000

teenOE

grievec1230

misdoc1230

mischievec1325

shond1338

endamagec1374

unrighta1393

damagea1400

disvail14..

disavail1429

mischief1437

outrayc1440

prejudice1447

abuse?1473

injuryc1484

danger1488

prejudicate1553

damnify?a1562

wrack1562

inviolate1569

mislestc1573

indemnify1583

qualify1584

interess1587

buse1589

violence1592

injure1597

bane1601

envya1625

prejudiciala1637

founder1655

c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure 1664 (MED) Arthure..ocupyes theis rewmes And owtrayes þe emperour, his erthely lorde.

a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) 2491 (MED) Generydes beheld how lucas was owttrayed among his foys.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 651/1 I outray a persone (Lydgate), I do some outrage or extreme hurt to hym. Je oultrage.

1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 374 Ȝone man that thow outrayd Is not sa simpill as he said.

c1600 in H. W. Meikle Wks. W. Fowler (1914) I. 385 Full oft thou wouldste..him vprayde, And for my sake..Thou haste him sore outrayde.

Derivatives

† outrayer n. Obsolete rare a person who abuses or insults another.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > invective or abuse > [noun] > one who uses invective or abuse

scoldc1175

scolder1423

railer1513

reviler1517

stinger1552

disgracer1570

invectiver1596

inveighera1601

outrayer1602

blatant1610

vent-giver1611

invector1654

insectator1706

slangwhanger1807

vituperator1837

invectivist1862

clapperclawer1873

vituperant1889

1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 215 Howsoeuer some surly syres, or mincing outraiers doe scorne and scoffe at them behinde their backes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	outray
释义	† outrayn. Forms: late Middle English outeraye, late Middle English owtraye, late Middle English–1500s outray, late Middle English–1500s outraye, late Middle English–1500s owtray, 1600s outraie. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: outray v.¹ Etymology: < outray v.¹ Compare earlier outrage n., and also outraious adj. Obsolete. 1. A violent act, an outrage; violence; aberrancy, sinfulness. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > harm or injury > [noun] loathc900 teenOE ungrithlOE wemming1100 waningc1175 wrongc1275 prejudicec1300 derea1325 torferc1325 eviltyc1330 griefc1330 wem1338 injurec1374 truitc1390 noyinga1398 inconvenience14.. nocument?a1425 outraya1425 injuryc1430 mischieving1432 supprise1442 incommodityc1450 interess1489 grudge1491 tort1532 wreaka1542 impeachment1548 inconveniency1553 indemnity1556 interestc1575 abuse1595 mischievance1600 oblesion1656 grit1876 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > ill-treatment > [noun] mishandlinga1393 deraya1400 villainya1400 outraya1425 mistreating1453 mispersoning1522 misentreating1531 misusing1548 misusage1555 misuse1591 abuse1595 hard measure1611 ill usage1621 evil-usage1645 ill-treatment1667 maltreatment1702 mistreatment1716 punishment1811 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > [noun] > reckless or riotous outragec1300 outraya1425 reeling1487 stroke and strifec1510 rampage1860 rampageousness1883 wilding1989 a1425 (a1396) R. Maidstone Paraphr. Seven Penitential Psalms (BL Add. 39574) 110 in M. Day Wheatley MS (1921) 24 (MED) I haue mister to make mones, That haue doon many a wylde outray; I cry the mercy, Kyng of Thrones. R. Misyn tr. R. Rolle Fire of Love 80 (MED) I haf risyn to lufe, þat before in diuers owtrays of myn errors has sleep & with dyrknes vmbelappyd. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xvii. 63 (MED) I have sein so moche be Owtraye That non Erthly Man ne Owhte to have saye. a1500 (?a1425) Ipomedon (Harl.) (1889) 2188 (MED) I herd vppon a day Of þe duke, þat made outray. ?a1525 (?a1475) Mandeville & Sultan 78 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 157 About a thowsand yere this did begyn After Cristes byrthe, in most outraye. c1550 Contempl. Synnaris (Harl.) l. 1360 in J. A. W. Bennett Devotional Pieces (1955) 155 And vs refrene of syn fra all owtray. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 158 He start vp stoutly agane..For anger of that outray that he had thair tane. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 134 With..great cruelty they committed outraies along these shores. ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xxiii. 320 You..know well, the outraies that engage All yong mens actions. 2. Perhaps: an outing, a foray. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > an act or instance of forthcomec1000 outlope?1241 going-outc1350 forthgoing1382 excourse?1520 forthcoming1533 outcoming1548 Exodus1623 outray?1624 ?1624 G. Chapman tr. Hymn to Hermes in tr. Crowne Homers Wks. 80 The cat and night-hawke, who much skathe confer On all the outraies, where for food I erre. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2021). outrayv.¹ Brit. /ˌaʊtˈreɪ/, U.S. /ˌaʊtˈreɪ/ Forms: Middle English outeray, Middle English owtray, Middle English owtraye, Middle English owttraye, Middle English–1500s outraye, Middle English–1600s outray; English regional (northern) 1800s– ootray, 1800s– outray. Past tense Middle English outraide, Middle English outraied, Middle English outrayd, Middle English outrayde, Middle English outrayed, Middle English outreyd, Middle English outtrad; also Scottish pre-1700 outrayd. Past participle Middle English outraed, Middle English outraied, Middle English outrayed, Middle English outrayede, Middle English outreyed, Middle English ovtrayde, Middle English owttrayed, Middle English owttrayede; also Scottish pre-1700 outrayde. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French ultreier. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman ultreier, outreier, outraier, etc. (apparently < an unattested post-classical Latin derivative of classical Latin ultrā beyond), practically identical in sense with the related Anglo-Norman and Old French ultrer , outrer (see outrance n.). Compare outrage v.¹, which is ultimately from the same base and shows considerable semantic overlap in early use.In sense 1a the sense development has perhaps been affected by association with ray v.¹ or ray n.⁶; compare quots. a1387, ?1609 at sense 1a. Now English regional (northern), rare. 1. †a. intransitive. To go beyond or exceed bounds; to stray; to break away from a certain place, or from established norms; to become separated (from); to become disarrayed. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (intransitive)] > stray or go astray dwelec900 miswendOE to fare astray (misliche, amiss)c1175 to step astray, awry, beside1297 weyec1315 outrayc1330 strayc1330 waivea1375 forvay1390 outwandera1400 stragglea1425 waverc1485 wander?1507 swerve1543 wift?a1560 random1561 estray1572 egar1584 to go a-strayinga1586 to step aside1787 err1819 moider1839 maverick1910 society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > form or reform [verb (intransitive)] > fall into line > fall out of line or rank outrayc1330 disrange1485 disarray1523 disorder1523 straggle?1530 square1583 disrank1606 to fall out1623 c1330 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Auch.) 127 in Englische Studien (1885) 8 119 (MED) Bifel so þat anoble stede Outreyd [c1450 Add. owterane allane] fram a peynim. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 243 [Þe Normans..tornede aȝen uppon þe Englische men] þat outrayed [c1410 Add. MS were out of aray; ?a1475 anon. tr. were dispersede; L. dispersos] and chased hem. c1395 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 643 This warne I yow that ye nat sodeynly Out of your self for no wo sholde outraye; Beth pacient. ?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iii. pr. vi. 56 Gentil men..ne shulde nat owtrayen [L. degeneret] or forlyven fro the vertus of hir noble kynrede. a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 6528 (MED) He shal comforte his folke..And holde hem to-gidre faste so Þat nouþer outraye oþer fro. ?1609 G. Chapman tr. Homer Twelue Bks. Iliads v. 88 Your foes durst not a foot addresse, Without their Ports..And now they outray to your fleete. b. intransitive. To go beyond the bounds of moderation or propriety; to offend; to be extravagant. English regional (northern) in later use. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > lack of moderation or restraint > act immoderately or without restraint [verb (intransitive)] overdoa1325 outragea1387 surfeitc1400 outraya1450 exceed1488 lasha1560 overlash1579 overlaunch1579 wanton1631 extravagate1829 wallow1876 to hit the high spots1891 to go overboard1931 a1450 York Plays (1885) 323 (MED) Agayne Sir Cesar hym selfe he segges and saies, All þe wightis in this world wirkis in waste Þat takis hym any tribute; þus his teching outrayes. 1624 T. Jackson Christs Answer §14 Reason itself must be regulated..otherwise it will outray farther in its desires than sense. 1625 T. Jackson Treat. Originall of Vnbeliefe v. v. §8 Without whose lists should he tempt them to outray much in notorious dissoluteness. 1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) Oot ray, to exceed propriety. 2. transitive. To go beyond, overcome; to surpass, excel; †to vanquish, crush (obsolete). English regional (northern) in later use. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > ill-treatment > ill-treat [verb (transitive)] tuckc888 tawc893 misbedeOE graithc1330 to fare fair or foul with1340 misusea1382 outrayc1390 beshrewc1430 huspelc1440 misentreat1450 mistreat1453 abuse?1473 to mayne evil1481 demean1483 to put (a person) to villainya1513 harry1530 mishandle1530 touse1531 misorder1550 worrya1556 yark1565 mumble1588 buse1589 crow-tread1593 disabuse1607 maltreat1681 squeeze1691 ill-treat1794 punish1801 tousle1826 ill-use1841 razoo1890 mess1896 to play horse with1896 to bugger about1921 slug1925 to give (a person) the works1927 to kick about or around1938 mess1963 the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > have or gain mastery or superiority over [verb (transitive)] > overcome or overwhelm overcomeeOE overgangOE overnimOE overswivec1175 foldc1275 overgoc1275 to bear downc1330 oversetc1330 outrayc1390 overleada1393 overreach?a1425 overwhelmc1425 to whelve overc1440 overruna1475 surprise1474 overpress1489 surbatea1500 overhale1531 overbear1535 overcrow1550 disable1582 surgain1586 overpower1597 overman1609 to come over ——1637 to run down1655 overpower1667 compel1697 to get over ——1784 overget1877 to grab (also take) by the balls1934 the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > have or gain mastery or superiority over [verb (transitive)] > overcome or defeat shendc893 overwinOE overheaveOE mate?c1225 to say checkmatea1346 vanquishc1366 stightlea1375 outrayc1390 to put undera1393 forbeat1393 to shave (a person's) beardc1412 to put to (also at, unto) the (also one's) worsec1425 adawc1440 supprisec1440 to knock downc1450 to put to the worsta1475 waurc1475 convanquish1483 to put out1485 trima1529 convince1548 foil1548 whip1571 evict1596 superate1598 reduce1605 convict1607 defail1608 cast1610 banga1616 evince1620 worst1646 conquer1655 cuffa1657 trounce1657 to ride down1670 outdo1677 routa1704 lurcha1716 fling1790 bowl1793 lick1800 beat1801 mill1810 to row (someone) up Salt River1828 defeat1830 sack1830 skunk1832 whop1836 pip1838 throw1850 to clean out1858 take1864 wallop1865 to sock it to1877 whack1877 to clean up1888 to beat out1893 to see off1919 to lower the boom on1920 tonk1926 clobber1944 ace1950 to run into the ground1955 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > expel > specific people from a place, position, or possession outshoveOE to do out of ——OE shovec1200 to put out of ——c1225 to cast out1297 void13.. usurpa1325 to put outa1350 outputa1382 outrayc1390 excludea1400 expulse?a1475 expel1490 to shut forth1513 to put forth1526 to turn out1546 depel?1548 disseisin1548 evict1548 exturb1603 debout1619 wincha1626 disseise1627 out-pusha1631 howster1642 oust1656 out1823 purge1825 the bum's rush1910 outplace1928 the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] overstyeOE overshinec1175 overgoc1225 passc1225 surmountc1369 forpassc1374 overmatcha1375 overpassa1382 to pass overa1393 overcomec1400 outpass?a1425 exceedc1425 precedec1425 superexcelc1429 transcendc1430 precel?a1439 outcut1447 overgrowc1475 to come over ——a1479 excel1493 overleapa1500 vanquish1533 outweigh1534 prevent1540 better1548 preferc1550 outgo1553 surpassa1555 exsuperate1559 cote1566 overtop1567 outrun1575 outstrip1579 outsail1580 overruna1586 pre-excel1587 outbid1589 outbrave1589 out-cote1589 top1590 outmatch1593 outvie1594 superate1595 surbravec1600 oversile1608 over-height1611 overstride1614 outdoa1616 outlustrea1616 outpeera1616 outstrikea1616 outrival1622 antecede1624 out-top1624 antecell1625 out-pitch1627 over-merit1629 outblazea1634 surmatch1636 overdoa1640 overact1643 outact1644 worst1646 overspana1657 outsoar1674 outdazzle1691 to cut down1713 ding1724 to cut out1738 cap1821 by-pass1848 overtower1850 pretergress1851 outray1876 outreach1879 cut1884 outperform1937 outrate1955 one-up1963 c1390 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 202 (MED) Hasti men ben ofte outrayede Whon heore tonges ben to preste. c1440 (a1400) Awntyrs Arthure (Thornton) 311 The childe playes hym at the balle That salle owtraye [v.r. outray] ȝow alle. a1456 J. Lydgate Bycorne & Chychevache (Trin. Cambr. R.3.20) 123 in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 437 (MED) Wymmen haue made hem self so stronge For to outraye Humylyte. a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) 6068 (MED) To blanchard, his stede, he saide..‘vppon the I was neuer ovtrayde.’ a1529 J. Skelton Phyllyp Sparowe (?1545) sig. A.iii^v Where Cerberus doth barke..Whom Hecules dyd outraye. 1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 369 (MED) They two warryed with mighty suffycience Vpon the duke of Burgoyne, and hym outrayed. 1630 ‘M. Car’ tr. St. Francis de Sales Treat. Loue of God x. xvi. 646 The same Spirit, which did embolden them to this exploite, did also gouerne the raynes of their iust wroth, least they might out raye their prefixed bounds. 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Outray, to outshine; to excel. †3. intransitive. To act violently; to do harm or injury; to commit outrages. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > behave violently or use force [verb (intransitive)] to do outragec1325 to make forcea1340 deray1340 outrayc1390 to make strengtha1393 tar and tig?a1500 bull1884 strong-arm1906 to kick ass1977 to get medieval1994 c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) 717 Ȝif that his enemys ouȝt outrayed, To chartis [read chastis] hem wolde he not lete. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. 1960 (MED) He..made lawes..Among the Grekis..Ther vicious liff bi vertu to restreyne; And who outraied was punshid with the peyne. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xlvi. 41 (MED) Anon kyng Mordrayns gan to Owtraye, and Al the Contre gan for to Afraye, and brend bothe Castel and town. †4. transitive. To put or drive out of a place; to expel. Obsolete. ΚΠ a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. 4482 (heading) How Enagora kyng of Cipre was bi Artaxerses outraied and put from his kyngdam. a1456 ( J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 628 (MED) Þy fader..Woyded al Cokil fer oute of Syon..Outraying foreyns þat came frome Babylon. †5. transitive. To treat violently; to injure, insult, abuse. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [verb (transitive)] > to person or thing werdec725 wemc900 forworkOE evilc1000 teenOE grievec1230 misdoc1230 mischievec1325 shond1338 endamagec1374 unrighta1393 damagea1400 disvail14.. disavail1429 mischief1437 outrayc1440 prejudice1447 abuse?1473 injuryc1484 danger1488 prejudicate1553 damnify?a1562 wrack1562 inviolate1569 mislestc1573 indemnify1583 qualify1584 interess1587 buse1589 violence1592 injure1597 bane1601 envya1625 prejudiciala1637 founder1655 c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure 1664 (MED) Arthure..ocupyes theis rewmes And owtrayes þe emperour, his erthely lorde. a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) 2491 (MED) Generydes beheld how lucas was owttrayed among his foys. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 651/1 I outray a persone (Lydgate), I do some outrage or extreme hurt to hym. Je oultrage. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 374 Ȝone man that thow outrayd Is not sa simpill as he said. c1600 in H. W. Meikle Wks. W. Fowler (1914) I. 385 Full oft thou wouldste..him vprayde, And for my sake..Thou haste him sore outrayde. Derivatives † outrayer n. Obsolete rare a person who abuses or insults another. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > invective or abuse > [noun] > one who uses invective or abuse scoldc1175 scolder1423 railer1513 reviler1517 stinger1552 disgracer1570 invectiver1596 inveighera1601 outrayer1602 blatant1610 vent-giver1611 invector1654 insectator1706 slangwhanger1807 vituperator1837 invectivist1862 clapperclawer1873 vituperant1889 1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 215 Howsoeuer some surly syres, or mincing outraiers doe scorne and scoffe at them behinde their backes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022). outrayv.² Brit. /ˌaʊtˈreɪ/, U.S. /ˌaʊtˈreɪ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, ray v.², ray n.⁵ Etymology: < out- prefix + either ray v.² or ray n.⁵ rare. 1. intransitive and transitive. To flash out as a ray; to radiate, emanate. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > shine [verb (intransitive)] > emit rays rowa1393 radiate1598 beam1641 irradiate1642 outray1642 eradiate1647 ray1647 1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. I8^v Mans soul from Gods own life outray'd. 1895 Ld. De Tabley Poems 2nd Ser. 1 An aureole outrayed upon her brow. 1998 Re: Ansel's Prints in rec.photo.darkroom (Usenet newsgroup) 24 Feb. While passion is the spirit, craft is still the psyche which the spirit outrays itself through. †2. transitive. To surpass in radiance. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > intensity of light > [verb (transitive)] > be brighter than outshine1585 outblazea1634 outglare1648 outray1652 outflame1658 outdazzle1691 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > emission of light, radiation > radiate or transmit light [verb (transitive)] > surpass in radiance outray1652 1652 E. Benlowes Theophila i. viii. 2 Thou outray'st all Diamonds of the Skies. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1425v.¹c1330v.²1642
随便看	febriculose febriculosity febriculous febrient febrifacient febriferous febrific febrifugal febrifuge febrifuges febrifugous febrile febriler febrilest febrilities febrility febrilous febris febronian febronianism febrous februaries february february face february fill-dike

† outrayn.

outrayv.1

Derivatives

outrayv.2

outrayv.¹

outrayv.²