overworkn.

(in sense 2)Brit.

/ˈəʊvəwəːk/, U.S.

/ˈoʊvərˌwərk/ (in sense 3)Brit.

/ˌəʊvəˈwəːk/, U.S.

/ˌoʊvərˈwərk/

Forms: see over- prefix and work n.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: over- prefix, work n.

Etymology: < over- prefix + work n. With sense 2 compare Middle Dutch overwerc (Dutch overwerk ) and overwork v.The word apparently became obsolete in early Middle English and was re-formed in the 17th cent. In Old English the prefixed form ofergeweorc (in sense 1) is also attested:OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xxvi. 236 Wa eow hiwerum, ge sind gelice, gemettum ofergeweorcum.

†1. A building or structure placed or raised over something, a superstructure; spec. (in Old English) a sepulchral monument. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > obsequies > monument > [noun] > over tomb

overworkOE

the world > space > relative position > high position > [noun] > quality of being raised or elevated > a work raised over something

overworkOE

OE Aldhelm Glosses (Brussels 1650) in L. Goossens Old Eng. Glosses of MS Brussels, Royal Libr. 1650 (1974) 370 Sarcofagi : tumba, oferwurces.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1035 Tær oferr þatt arrke wass An oferrwerrc wel timmbredd. Þatt wass propitiatoriumm. O latin spæche nemmnedd.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1046 Tær upp o þatt oferrwerrc Þeȝȝ haffdenn liccness metedd. Off cherubyn.

2. Extra work; work beyond a regular or stipulated amount; overtime.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > work > amounts of work > [noun] > extra work

overwork1670

1670–1 C. Wren Wren Soc. 23 Mar. (1936) XIII. 59 For Overwork done in the Almonry..£30.

1760 Acct. 13 Dec. in Rec. Tempest Family (West Yorks. Archive Service, Bradford: Tong 4c) f. 5 Paid one of y^e Miners for over work—6d.

1796 J. Bentham Corr. (1981) V. 192 (note) Tho^s. Galloway says he lays his claim for £67 for over work during the time he was engaged with Gen^l. Bentham.

1848 C. M. Sedgwick Boy of Mount Rhigi xvi. 238 He permits no extra hours, or over-work, unless it is inevitable; he pays all the salaries on the first of each month.

1856 K. E. R. Pickard Kidnapped & Ransomed (1995) vii. 73 By extreme economy and by doing overwork, he saved up five hundred dollars.

1883 St. James's Gaz. 23 Sept. (Cassell) The injustice and mischief of the exaction of overwork.

1910 C. R. Henderson Correction & Prevention i. 9 A contractor can allow overwork or not, at his discretion.

1994 S. Schnittman in G. Fink & M. E. Reed Race, Class, & Community in Southern Labor Hist. ii. 83 Once a slave had processed forty-five pounds of tobacco, any ‘overwork’ was rewarded with a cash bonus.

2010 R. Drago & M. Wooden in K. Christensen & B. Schneider Workplace Flexibility iv. xiii. 271 An individual working fifty hours per week would report thirteen hours of overwork in the United States, but only 5.5 hours of overwork in Australia.

3. Excessive work; work beyond one's capacity or strength.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > work > [noun] > excessive work

over-labour1600

overwork1796

overtoil1833

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > [noun] > that which wearies or exhausts

stretch1791

overexertion1795

overwork1796

breather1802

trachle1823

winder1825

burster1851

1796 tr. A. von Kotzebue Negro Slaves ii. ii. 54 Three times I miscarried from over-work... The Negro-woman must work till she rolls in the sand with the pains of child-birth.

1818 J. W. Croker in Croker Papers 8 Dec. (1884) I My complaint is an uneasiness in the head..from overwork.

1860 J. W. Carlyle Lett. III. 36 A sleepless, excited condition through prolonged over-work.

1971 D. J. Smith Discovering Railwayana x. 56 Hot box, axle box overheated through lack of lubricants or overwork.

2003 J. de Graaf Take back your Time i. iv. 30 Overtime, even if voluntary, can inevitably lead to overwork when people work more than is healthy.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

overworkv.

Brit.

/ˌəʊvəˈwəːk/, U.S.

/ˌoʊvərˈwərk/

Inflections: Past tense and past participle overworked, (archaic) overwrought;

Forms: see over- prefix and work v.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: over- prefix, work v.

Etymology: < over- prefix + work v.The word apparently became obsolete at the end of the Old English period and was re-formed in the 16th cent.

†I. Senses relating to position or movement.

1. transitive. To overlay, esp. with decorative work; to figure or decorate the surface of. Chiefly in passive. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > pattern [verb (transitive)]

figure1480

tapis1528

overwork1579

pattern1857

eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) iv. v. 90 He hit him eft ham bebead on anum brede awriten; & siþþan hit awriten wæs, he hit oferworhte mid weaxe.

eOE Prose Dialogue of Solomon & Saturn II (2009) 74 Sie fram oðrum to ðam midle mid ðy gulliscan seolfre oferworht.

OE Ælfric Let. to Sigeweard (De Veteri et Novo Test.) (Laud) 36 He arærde Gode þæt ænlice tempel binnan Hierusalem on wunderlicum cræfte swa fægere getimbrod & swa fæste getrymmed & swa widgille hus oferworht mid golde & mid hwitum seolfre, swa we secgan ne magon.

1579 J. Dee 10 Sept. in Private Diary (1842) 6 My dream of being naked, and my skyn all overwrought with worke like some kind of tuft mockado, with crosses blew and red.

1595 R. Barnfield Here; hold this Glove in Cynthia xiiii Here; hold this gloue (this milk-white cheueril gloue) Not quaintly ouer-wrought with curious knots, Nor deckt with golden spangs, nor siluer spots.

1615 S. Rowlands Melancholie Knight Introd. Because his outside was so ouer-wrought, With Taylors art, new fashion'd from the stall, What I beheld was but mans making all.

1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall ii. 23 Long brasse plates overwrought like the handles of neat implements.

1687 J. Norris Coll. Misc. 104 In her best Mould she did thee cast, But thou wast over-wrought, and made too fine to last.

1715 A. Pope Temple of Fame 15 Of Gothic Structure was the Northern Side, O'er-wrought with Ornaments of barb'rous Pride.

1836 S. Rogers Inscript. in Crimea 4 This cistern of white stone, Arched, and o'erwrought with many a sacred verse.

1868 W. Morris Earthly Paradise i. 133 The golden bowls o'erwrought with imagery.

2. transitive. To influence or win over (a person). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > win over

procurec1325

to gain over1582

bribe1592

overwork1593

overwin1600

smooth1608

overpersuade1639

spirit1656

over-entreata1661

engage1699

to bring over1724

to draw over1734

conciliate1796

to carry over1855

1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares Ded. 2 The cunning courtship of faire words, can neuer ouer-worke mee to cast away honor on anie.

1634 R. Sanderson Serm. II. 292 In that, he is overwrought by craft; in this, over-born by might.

1661 Sir H. Vane's Politics 14 These I over-wrought, won, and made mine own.

II. Senses relating to excessive activity.

a. transitive. To cause to work too hard; to work (a person, etc.) beyond his or her capacity or strength; to weary or exhaust with excessive work. Also: to make excessive use of (a thing, esp. a word, phrase, etc.). Also reflexive and in passive (cf. overwrought adj. 1).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > weary or exhaust [verb (reflexive)]

strain1377

overwork1530

overtire1558

toil1560

spend1594

overtask1628

waste1630

unbowel1647

to run off one's legs (also feet)1666

overexert1817

muck1819

tew1825

overdo1858

to burn out, forth1955

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > weary or exhaust [verb (transitive)] > esp. through labour

fortravailc1305

overtravaila1382

overdrivea1450

over-labour1530

overwork1530

defatigate?1533

toil1549

forspend1571

out-toil1603

overtoil1607

slave1864

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 650/1 Whan I overworke myselfe I am the werier two dayes after.

1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) v. f. 63^v Againe as soone as chierfull day did dim the starres, she sought Hir daughter still from East to West. And being ouerwrought She caught a thirst.

1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 223 Seing my maister so continually to chide me,..so to ouer worke me, and so cruelly to deale with me.

1607 J. Harington tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso (new ed.) xxxviii. 319 Did watch so long, vntill the wind of South, Came home to ease his spirits ouerwrought.

1666 S. Pepys Diary 13 Dec. (1972) VII. 406 I perceive my overworking of my eyes by Candle light doth hurt them.

1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World i. 113 To keep all our Men..fully employ'd..and yet not to over work them.

1797 H. More in Visctess. Knutsford Life & Lett. Z. Macaulay (1900) 177 He as usual overworks himself, and is not, I think, very stout, though certainly very happy.

1842 G. Barmby in Promethean Mar. 54/1 Moses originally designed it to prevent the rich from overworking the poor.

1879 H. J. Byron Married in Haste iv. 42 Ethel, my love, you mustn't overwork yourself.

1922 Times Lit. Suppl. 12 Oct. 642/2 Gobineau has carefully avoided any such threadbare device as that of the missing heir so overworked by Scott.

1991 Profession (Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer.) 16/1 When I got to Riga..and met with my colleagues, they informed me that they did not want to overwork me.

b. intransitive. To work too hard or too much.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > working > [verb (intransitive)] > work hard or toil > excessively

overwork1843

1843 M. Edgeworth Let. 26 Nov. (1971) 594 He can at last see only the table before him... This should warn him not to overwork and it does warn Lady Herschel to take all means to prevent his overstraining his great faculties.

1894 Daily News 10 Oct. 6/4 For a man who has all his life been overworking, I can at eighty-five but be sincerely thankful for my many mercies.

1917 E. Wharton Summer vii. 95 Aren't you a little pale, my dear? Not overworking?

2000 Church Times 14 July 15/3 For many years he overworked in the service of the Church.

†c. transitive. To fill (a period of time) with too much work. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > working > [verb (transitive)] > overwork (time or life)

slave1864

overwork1876

1876 H. W. Longfellow Terrace of Aigalades iii My days with toil are overwrought.

1880 J. McCarthy Hist. our Own Times IV. lxii. 374 His life had been overwrought in every way.

4. transitive. To work too much on; to knead, mix, till, etc., too much; to make over-elaborate.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > embellish [verb (transitive)] > dwell on to excess

overwork1638

finger1755

over-labour1797

1638 F. Rous Heavenly Acad. Pref. sig. A7^v That such Christians may abound, is the end of this work, which for ought I know, hath not beene overwrought.

1683 W. Soames tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Art of Poetry i. 4 Sometimes an Author, fond of his own Thought, Pursues his Object till it's over-wrought.

1811 T. Davis Gen. View Agric. Wilts. (new ed.) 267 Maudlin, or Mathern, or Wild Chamomile.—These weeds usually prevail when the ground is over-worked and made too light.

1884 Daily News 1 Apr. 4/7 Mr. Gladstone's speech was..not overwrought, it was not a sentence too long.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 230/2 It is not possible by mechanical means to remove the whole of the water and curd of the milk from the butter; indeed ‘overworking’ the butter..ruins the structure to such an extent as to make the product unmerchantable.

2002 Philippine Daily Inquirer (Nexis) 16 May 4 It is important not to overwork the dough.

5. transitive. figurative. To make overexcited, distraught, or nervous; to agitate excessively. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > nervous excitement > cause nervous excitement or agitate [verb (transitive)]

to carry away?1529

agitate1591

fermentate1599

tumultuate1616

alarm1620

overwork1645

uncalm1650

flutter1664

pother1692

to set afloata1713

fluctuate1788

fuss1816

tumult1819

to break up1825

rile1857

to steam up1860

to shake up1884

the mind > emotion > excitement > exciting > excite [verb (transitive)] > excessively

over-wheel1599

overwork1645

overheat1648

overboil1687

fanaticize1812

over-excite1817

1645 J. Milton Colasterion 19 By overworking the settl'd mudd of his fancy, to make him drunk, and disgorge his vileness the more openly.

1816 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto III vii. 6 Till my brain became, In its own eddy boiling and o'erwrought, A whirling gulf of phantasy and flame.

1855 Ld. Tennyson Maud xxiii. viii, in Maud & Other Poems 80 Strange, that the mind, when fraught With a passion so intense..should, by being so overwrought, Suddenly strike on a sharper sense For a shell, or a flower, little things Which else would have been past by!

1911 B. Stoker Lair of White Worm (1991) xiii. 69 Humiliating disappointment..overwrought his nerves and made his head ache.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	overwork
释义	overworkn. (in sense 2)Brit. /ˈəʊvəwəːk/, U.S. /ˈoʊvərˌwərk/ (in sense 3)Brit. /ˌəʊvəˈwəːk/, U.S. /ˌoʊvərˈwərk/ Forms: see over- prefix and work n. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: over- prefix, work n. Etymology: < over- prefix + work n. With sense 2 compare Middle Dutch overwerc (Dutch overwerk ) and overwork v.The word apparently became obsolete in early Middle English and was re-formed in the 17th cent. In Old English the prefixed form ofergeweorc (in sense 1) is also attested:OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xxvi. 236 Wa eow hiwerum, ge sind gelice, gemettum ofergeweorcum. †1. A building or structure placed or raised over something, a superstructure; spec. (in Old English) a sepulchral monument. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > obsequies > monument > [noun] > over tomb overworkOE the world > space > relative position > high position > [noun] > quality of being raised or elevated > a work raised over something overworkOE OE Aldhelm Glosses (Brussels 1650) in L. Goossens Old Eng. Glosses of MS Brussels, Royal Libr. 1650 (1974) 370 Sarcofagi : tumba, oferwurces. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1035 Tær oferr þatt arrke wass An oferrwerrc wel timmbredd. Þatt wass propitiatoriumm. O latin spæche nemmnedd. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1046 Tær upp o þatt oferrwerrc Þeȝȝ haffdenn liccness metedd. Off cherubyn. 2. Extra work; work beyond a regular or stipulated amount; overtime. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > work > amounts of work > [noun] > extra work overwork1670 1670–1 C. Wren Wren Soc. 23 Mar. (1936) XIII. 59 For Overwork done in the Almonry..£30. 1760 Acct. 13 Dec. in Rec. Tempest Family (West Yorks. Archive Service, Bradford: Tong 4c) f. 5 Paid one of y^e Miners for over work—6d. 1796 J. Bentham Corr. (1981) V. 192 (note) Tho^s. Galloway says he lays his claim for £67 for over work during the time he was engaged with Gen^l. Bentham. 1848 C. M. Sedgwick Boy of Mount Rhigi xvi. 238 He permits no extra hours, or over-work, unless it is inevitable; he pays all the salaries on the first of each month. 1856 K. E. R. Pickard Kidnapped & Ransomed (1995) vii. 73 By extreme economy and by doing overwork, he saved up five hundred dollars. 1883 St. James's Gaz. 23 Sept. (Cassell) The injustice and mischief of the exaction of overwork. 1910 C. R. Henderson Correction & Prevention i. 9 A contractor can allow overwork or not, at his discretion. 1994 S. Schnittman in G. Fink & M. E. Reed Race, Class, & Community in Southern Labor Hist. ii. 83 Once a slave had processed forty-five pounds of tobacco, any ‘overwork’ was rewarded with a cash bonus. 2010 R. Drago & M. Wooden in K. Christensen & B. Schneider Workplace Flexibility iv. xiii. 271 An individual working fifty hours per week would report thirteen hours of overwork in the United States, but only 5.5 hours of overwork in Australia. 3. Excessive work; work beyond one's capacity or strength. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > work > [noun] > excessive work over-labour1600 overwork1796 overtoil1833 the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > [noun] > that which wearies or exhausts stretch1791 overexertion1795 overwork1796 breather1802 trachle1823 winder1825 burster1851 1796 tr. A. von Kotzebue Negro Slaves ii. ii. 54 Three times I miscarried from over-work... The Negro-woman must work till she rolls in the sand with the pains of child-birth. 1818 J. W. Croker in Croker Papers 8 Dec. (1884) I My complaint is an uneasiness in the head..from overwork. 1860 J. W. Carlyle Lett. III. 36 A sleepless, excited condition through prolonged over-work. 1971 D. J. Smith Discovering Railwayana x. 56 Hot box, axle box overheated through lack of lubricants or overwork. 2003 J. de Graaf Take back your Time i. iv. 30 Overtime, even if voluntary, can inevitably lead to overwork when people work more than is healthy. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022). overworkv. Brit. /ˌəʊvəˈwəːk/, U.S. /ˌoʊvərˈwərk/ Inflections: Past tense and past participle overworked, (archaic) overwrought; Forms: see over- prefix and work v. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: over- prefix, work v. Etymology: < over- prefix + work v.The word apparently became obsolete at the end of the Old English period and was re-formed in the 16th cent. †I. Senses relating to position or movement. 1. transitive. To overlay, esp. with decorative work; to figure or decorate the surface of. Chiefly in passive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > pattern [verb (transitive)] figure1480 tapis1528 overwork1579 pattern1857 eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) iv. v. 90 He hit him eft ham bebead on anum brede awriten; & siþþan hit awriten wæs, he hit oferworhte mid weaxe. eOE Prose Dialogue of Solomon & Saturn II (2009) 74 Sie fram oðrum to ðam midle mid ðy gulliscan seolfre oferworht. OE Ælfric Let. to Sigeweard (De Veteri et Novo Test.) (Laud) 36 He arærde Gode þæt ænlice tempel binnan Hierusalem on wunderlicum cræfte swa fægere getimbrod & swa fæste getrymmed & swa widgille hus oferworht mid golde & mid hwitum seolfre, swa we secgan ne magon. 1579 J. Dee 10 Sept. in Private Diary (1842) 6 My dream of being naked, and my skyn all overwrought with worke like some kind of tuft mockado, with crosses blew and red. 1595 R. Barnfield Here; hold this Glove in Cynthia xiiii Here; hold this gloue (this milk-white cheueril gloue) Not quaintly ouer-wrought with curious knots, Nor deckt with golden spangs, nor siluer spots. 1615 S. Rowlands Melancholie Knight Introd. Because his outside was so ouer-wrought, With Taylors art, new fashion'd from the stall, What I beheld was but mans making all. 1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall ii. 23 Long brasse plates overwrought like the handles of neat implements. 1687 J. Norris Coll. Misc. 104 In her best Mould she did thee cast, But thou wast over-wrought, and made too fine to last. 1715 A. Pope Temple of Fame 15 Of Gothic Structure was the Northern Side, O'er-wrought with Ornaments of barb'rous Pride. 1836 S. Rogers Inscript. in Crimea 4 This cistern of white stone, Arched, and o'erwrought with many a sacred verse. 1868 W. Morris Earthly Paradise i. 133 The golden bowls o'erwrought with imagery. 2. transitive. To influence or win over (a person). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > win over procurec1325 to gain over1582 bribe1592 overwork1593 overwin1600 smooth1608 overpersuade1639 spirit1656 over-entreata1661 engage1699 to bring over1724 to draw over1734 conciliate1796 to carry over1855 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares Ded. 2 The cunning courtship of faire words, can neuer ouer-worke mee to cast away honor on anie. 1634 R. Sanderson Serm. II. 292 In that, he is overwrought by craft; in this, over-born by might. 1661 Sir H. Vane's Politics 14 These I over-wrought, won, and made mine own. II. Senses relating to excessive activity. 3. a. transitive. To cause to work too hard; to work (a person, etc.) beyond his or her capacity or strength; to weary or exhaust with excessive work. Also: to make excessive use of (a thing, esp. a word, phrase, etc.). Also reflexive and in passive (cf. overwrought adj. 1). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > weary or exhaust [verb (reflexive)] strain1377 overwork1530 overtire1558 toil1560 spend1594 overtask1628 waste1630 unbowel1647 to run off one's legs (also feet)1666 overexert1817 muck1819 tew1825 overdo1858 to burn out, forth1955 the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > weary or exhaust [verb (transitive)] > esp. through labour fortravailc1305 overtravaila1382 overdrivea1450 over-labour1530 overwork1530 defatigate?1533 toil1549 forspend1571 out-toil1603 overtoil1607 slave1864 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 650/1 Whan I overworke myselfe I am the werier two dayes after. 1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) v. f. 63^v Againe as soone as chierfull day did dim the starres, she sought Hir daughter still from East to West. And being ouerwrought She caught a thirst. 1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 223 Seing my maister so continually to chide me,..so to ouer worke me, and so cruelly to deale with me. 1607 J. Harington tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso (new ed.) xxxviii. 319 Did watch so long, vntill the wind of South, Came home to ease his spirits ouerwrought. 1666 S. Pepys Diary 13 Dec. (1972) VII. 406 I perceive my overworking of my eyes by Candle light doth hurt them. 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World i. 113 To keep all our Men..fully employ'd..and yet not to over work them. 1797 H. More in Visctess. Knutsford Life & Lett. Z. Macaulay (1900) 177 He as usual overworks himself, and is not, I think, very stout, though certainly very happy. 1842 G. Barmby in Promethean Mar. 54/1 Moses originally designed it to prevent the rich from overworking the poor. 1879 H. J. Byron Married in Haste iv. 42 Ethel, my love, you mustn't overwork yourself. 1922 Times Lit. Suppl. 12 Oct. 642/2 Gobineau has carefully avoided any such threadbare device as that of the missing heir so overworked by Scott. 1991 Profession (Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer.) 16/1 When I got to Riga..and met with my colleagues, they informed me that they did not want to overwork me. b. intransitive. To work too hard or too much. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > [verb (intransitive)] > work hard or toil > excessively overwork1843 1843 M. Edgeworth Let. 26 Nov. (1971) 594 He can at last see only the table before him... This should warn him not to overwork and it does warn Lady Herschel to take all means to prevent his overstraining his great faculties. 1894 Daily News 10 Oct. 6/4 For a man who has all his life been overworking, I can at eighty-five but be sincerely thankful for my many mercies. 1917 E. Wharton Summer vii. 95 Aren't you a little pale, my dear? Not overworking? 2000 Church Times 14 July 15/3 For many years he overworked in the service of the Church. †c. transitive. To fill (a period of time) with too much work. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > [verb (transitive)] > overwork (time or life) slave1864 overwork1876 1876 H. W. Longfellow Terrace of Aigalades iii My days with toil are overwrought. 1880 J. McCarthy Hist. our Own Times IV. lxii. 374 His life had been overwrought in every way. 4. transitive. To work too much on; to knead, mix, till, etc., too much; to make over-elaborate. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > embellish [verb (transitive)] > dwell on to excess overwork1638 finger1755 over-labour1797 1638 F. Rous Heavenly Acad. Pref. sig. A7^v That such Christians may abound, is the end of this work, which for ought I know, hath not beene overwrought. 1683 W. Soames tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Art of Poetry i. 4 Sometimes an Author, fond of his own Thought, Pursues his Object till it's over-wrought. 1811 T. Davis Gen. View Agric. Wilts. (new ed.) 267 Maudlin, or Mathern, or Wild Chamomile.—These weeds usually prevail when the ground is over-worked and made too light. 1884 Daily News 1 Apr. 4/7 Mr. Gladstone's speech was..not overwrought, it was not a sentence too long. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 230/2 It is not possible by mechanical means to remove the whole of the water and curd of the milk from the butter; indeed ‘overworking’ the butter..ruins the structure to such an extent as to make the product unmerchantable. 2002 Philippine Daily Inquirer (Nexis) 16 May 4 It is important not to overwork the dough. 5. transitive. figurative. To make overexcited, distraught, or nervous; to agitate excessively. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > nervous excitement > cause nervous excitement or agitate [verb (transitive)] to carry away?1529 agitate1591 fermentate1599 tumultuate1616 alarm1620 overwork1645 uncalm1650 flutter1664 pother1692 to set afloata1713 fluctuate1788 fuss1816 tumult1819 to break up1825 rile1857 to steam up1860 to shake up1884 the mind > emotion > excitement > exciting > excite [verb (transitive)] > excessively over-wheel1599 overwork1645 overheat1648 overboil1687 fanaticize1812 over-excite1817 1645 J. Milton Colasterion 19 By overworking the settl'd mudd of his fancy, to make him drunk, and disgorge his vileness the more openly. 1816 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto III vii. 6 Till my brain became, In its own eddy boiling and o'erwrought, A whirling gulf of phantasy and flame. 1855 Ld. Tennyson Maud xxiii. viii, in Maud & Other Poems 80 Strange, that the mind, when fraught With a passion so intense..should, by being so overwrought, Suddenly strike on a sharper sense For a shell, or a flower, little things Which else would have been past by! 1911 B. Stoker Lair of White Worm (1991) xiii. 69 Humiliating disappointment..overwrought his nerves and made his head ache. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.OEv.eOE
随便看	to crack a crib to crack a nut to crack a person's brain to crack a person's brains to crack credit to crack hardy to crack hearty to crack into to crack one's brain to crack one's brains to crack or craw crouse to crack tryst to crack up to crack wise to cradle into to cramp in to cramp one's style to cramp up to crane one's head to crank down to crank in to crap around to crap on to crap one's pants to crap oneself