† eken.¹

Brit.

/iːk/, U.S.

/ik/

Forms: Old English éaca, Middle English, 1500s, 1800s eke, Scottish (1500s eik, 1600s eeke). See also eche n.¹

Etymology: Old English éaca = Old Norse auke < Old Germanic *aukon- , < same root as eche v.

Obsolete exc. dialect.

1. An addition, increase; a piece added on; a supplement. In Old English, A reinforcement (of troops).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > increase in quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > an increase

eke894

increasec1384

eking1393

augmentationc1452

superexcrescence1479

access1548

accrue1548

accession1551

increasement1561

ekementa1603

afflux1603

accruement1607

increment1631

rise1654

plusa1721

raise1729

swell1768

gain1851

step-up1922

upcurve1928

build-up1943

894 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker MS.) Him com micel eaca to.

a1000 Solomon & Saturn 460 Forþon is witena gehwam wopes eaca.

1786 A. Geddes Prosp. New Transl. Bible 95 The words in Italics..are generally ill-assorted and clumsy ekes.

1891 N.E.D. at Eke Mod. Sc. It would be too short without an eke.

2. spec.

a. A tag to a bell-rope; also attributive, as in bell-eke. Also eche n.¹

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > bell > [noun] > end of rope

eche1525

eke1549

tail-rope1656

trace1663

sally1809

tuffing1869

1549 in T. Smith Rotherham Acc. (1878) 12 Paid to Robt. Machon for a neke to our gret Bell.

1566 in J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices (modernized text) III. 577/2 6 ekes for bell ropes 1/4.

1594 in T. Smith Rotherham Acc. (1878) 12 Payd unto Robert Okes for 10 payre of bell ekes 10s.

b. A short straw or wooden cylinder on which a beehive is placed to increase its capacity.

ΚΠ

1857 C. B. Robinson Rural Econ. in Yorks. Gloss. 184 Underlay..Now called ekes, additional bands of straw placed beneath the hive.

3. Scottish (16th and 17th centuries) A supplement, postscript, appendix to a formal document.

ΚΠ

1568 Earl of Moray et al. Declar. 10 Dec. in H. Campbell Love Lett. Mary Queen of Scots (1824) 11 The eik or additioun to our answer.

a1651 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1843) II. 451 The other partie had givin in an eeke or additioun to their former answere.

4. In adverbial phrase to eken (Old English tó éacan) in addition, besides, contracted in Middle English into teke adv. Also, in same sense, on eke.

ΚΠ

c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. i Þæt wæs to eacan oþrum unarimeðum yflum.

c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 51 To eken oþer þo gremeden hem sore.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 133 Þe nome of ester ne seið naut ane ab scondita...ach deð teken. eleuata inpopulis.

a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 37 Hire chyn ys chosen ant eyþer cheke whit ynoh ant rode on eke.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

eken.²

Origin: Of unknown origin.

Etymology: Origin unknown.Perhaps compare eke v. 1a; the male salmon may perhaps be so called on account of the fact that it deposits its milt on top of the female's eggs.

dialect.

A male salmon.

ΚΠ

1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 22 Aug. 10/2 It [a salmon] was a male fish, or what is known in the north of England amongst fishermen as an ‘eke’.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

ekev.

Brit.

/iːk/, U.S.

/ik/

Forms: Old English (see eche v.), Middle English eken, Middle English–1500s ek, (Middle English ayke, ȝeke(n), Middle English–1700s eek(e, 1500s–1600s eak(e, (1600s eck, eyk), Middle English– eke, Middle English– Scottish eik.

Etymology: partly < eke n.¹; partly dialect (northern) form of eche v.

a. transitive. To increase, add to, lengthen. Also absol. †neither to eke nor to pair (Scottish): neither to add to nor take from. Proverb, every (also a) little ekes. archaic or dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > increase in quantity, amount, or degree > [verb (transitive)]

echeOE

ekec1200

multiplya1275

morea1300

increase13..

vaunce1303

enlargec1380

augmenta1400

accrease1402

alargea1425

amply?a1425

great?1440

hainc1440

creasec1475

grow1481

amplea1500

to get upa1500

improve1509

ampliatea1513

auge1542

over1546

amplify1549

raise1583

grand1602

swell1602

magnoperate1610

greaten1613

accresce1626

aggrandize1638

majoratea1651

adauge1657

protend1659

reinforce1660

examplify1677

pluralize1750

to drive up1817

to whoop up1856

to jack up1884

upbuild1890

steepen1909

up1934

c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 57 Þe holie man fasteð forto..eken his holinesse.

a1300 E.E. Psalter civ. [cv.] 24 He ayked his folk swith mikel on an.

c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1840) 133 Theyr bounté for to eeke.

c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 26 Þey..ȝekun þer synnis.

c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 13 Nowe..þe pricis are ekid.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 531/2 I eke..my gowne is to shorte for me, but I wyll eke it.

1566 J. Knox Hist. Reformation in Wks. (1846) I. 130 This miserie..which the malice of man cane neyther eak nor paire.

1599 S. Harsnett Discov. Fraudulent Pract. I. Darrel 193 As they say, Every thing Eiketh.

1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 96 Quhen the partie hes named ane certaine number of witnes, he may not thereafter eike, nor pair the number of the witnes.

1639 J. Clarke Paroemiologia 10 A litle eekes.

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iii. 372 It not being princely to..eek the same [sc. the vail of the tabernacle], another was contrived.

1731 A. Pope Epist. to Earl of Burlington 13 Some patch'd Doghole ek'd with Ends of Wall.

1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote I. iv. xxi. 377 Without eking or curtailing God's precious truth.

1829 J. Clare Ode to Autumn in A. Cunningham Anniversary 76 The moaning brook, that ekes its weary speed.

1907 W. C. Hazlitt Eng. Prov. & Proverbial Phrases (new ed.) 24 A little ekes, quoth Jenny Wren, when she pissed in the sea.

†b. intransitive. To increase, grow. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 162 His power eikit so and grew.

†2. To add. Const. †til, to. Also absol. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 16353 Ȝiff þu takesst twiȝȝess. an. & ekesst itt till fowwre.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 21194 Þar-til þai eked mar and mare.

c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. xxvi. 190 Sal I ek til Goddis wengeance?

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xv. 97 Ther can na thing be eikkyt to my parsecutione bot cruel dede.

1634–46 J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 17 We..conforme..to the notes and additions thereto eiked.

1733 D. Neal Hist. Puritans II. 14 His Majesty..eked others that I had omitted.

3. to eke out:

a. to supplement, supply the deficiencies of anything (const. with); esp. to make (resources, materials, articles of consumption, etc.) last the required time by additions, by partial use of a substitute, or by economy.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > make complete [verb (transitive)] > complete, fill up, or make up > by supplying what is wanting

performa1382

supplyc1480

upmake1485

to make up1488

mend?a1505

to stop, to fill (in or up), to supply a gap?1523

to eke out1596

help out (also through)1600

size1608

echea1616

inch out1620

to eke up1633

supplete1664

lengthen1670

supplement1749

to husband out1762

sort1880

piecenc1900

1596 Bp. W. Barlow tr. L. Lavater Three Christian Serm. iii. 133 Not to bee so..giuen to spending..but eeke it out to the vtmost.

a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) i. ii. 184 Ros. The little strength that I haue, I would it were with you. Cel. And mine to eeke out hers.

1623 W. Lisle in tr. Ælfric Saxon Treat. Old & New Test. To Rdr. 6 Best is he that inuents, the next he that followes forth and eekes out a good inuention.

1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 157 My Ink..had been gone..all but a very little, which I eek'd out with Water.

a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 328 But what his common sense came short, He eked out wi' law, man.

1872 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries Abyssinia (new ed.) xx. 353 I determined to start..to eke out our scanty supply of water.

1874 A. H. Sayce Princ. Compar. Philol. i. 25 The meaning of their [savage races'] words has to be eked out by gesture.

1878 H. S. Wilson Alpine Ascents ii. 57 After a glass apiece we eke out the remainder with snow.

b. To prolong (a speech or composition, an action) by expedients devised for that purpose; to contrive to fill up (a certain amount of space in writing, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong

lengOE

drawOE

teec1200

forlengtha1300

lengtha1300

drivec1300

tarryc1320

proloynec1350

continuec1380

to draw alonga1382

longa1382

dretch1393

conservea1398

to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400

prorogue1419

prolongc1425

aroomc1440

prorogate?a1475

protend?a1475

dilate1489

forlong1496

relong1523

to draw out1542

sustentate1542

linger1543

defer1546

pertract1548

propagate1548

protract1548

linger1550

lengthen1555

train1556

detract?a1562

to make forth (long, longer)1565

stretch1568

extend1574

extenuate1583

dree1584

wire-draw1598

to spin out1603

trail1604

disabridge1605

produce1605

continuate1611

out-length1617

spin1629

to eke out1641

producta1670

prolongate1671

drawl1694

drag1697

perennate1698

string1867

perennialize1898

1641 J. Milton Animadversions 64 Your reverence to eek out your sermonings shall need repaire to Postills, or Polianthea's.

a1656 J. Ussher Ann. World (1658) vi. 551 As for his ecking out..the Siege, it was done upon good grounds.

1747 S. Johnson Plan Dict. 26 To eke out any thing, signifies to lengthen it beyond its just dimensions by some low artifice.

a1845 R. H. Barham Brothers of Birchington in Ingoldsby Legends (1847) 3rd Ser. 265 Enough to have eked out a decent-sized volume.

1865 D. Livingstone & C. Livingstone Narr. Exped. Zambesi xi. 236 He..eked out the measure with a peculiar musical sound.

c. To contrive to make (a livelihood), or to support (existence) by various makeshifts.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > [verb (transitive)] > sustain life

sustainc1330

lead?a1366

finda1450

sustentate1542

breast1573

subsist1612

to keep body (life) and soul togethera1616

preserve1694

to eke out1825

1825 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. in Wks. (1859) I. 89 To eke out the existence of the people, every person..was called on for a weekly subscription.

1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. ii. 22 Some runaway slaves,..contrived to eke out a subsistence.

1868 F. W. Farrar Seekers after God i. i. 12 To eke out a scanty livelihood.

†4. to eke up: to supply, repair (a loss). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > make complete [verb (transitive)] > complete, fill up, or make up > by supplying what is wanting

performa1382

supplyc1480

upmake1485

to make up1488

mend?a1505

to stop, to fill (in or up), to supply a gap?1523

to eke out1596

help out (also through)1600

size1608

echea1616

inch out1620

to eke up1633

supplete1664

lengthen1670

supplement1749

to husband out1762

sort1880

piecenc1900

1633 D. Rogers Treat. Two Sacraments Gospell ii. 53 What meanes are so like to eike up..spiritual losses, as the Supper of the Lord?

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

ekeadv.

Brit.

/iːk/, U.S.

/ik/

Forms: Old English–Middle English éac, (Old English ǽc, éc), Middle English ec, ek, Middle English æac, ok, Middle English–1500s eek(e, (Middle English heke, yke), 1500s–1600s eake, Scottish1500s eik(e, 1700s eek, Middle English– eke.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Common Germanic < Old English éac = Old Frisian âk , Old Saxon ôk (Dutch ook ), Old High German ouh (Middle High German ouch , modern German auch ), Old Norse auk ‘also’ (Danish og . Swedish och ‘and’), Gothic auk for, but. The ultimate origin is uncertain; some connect the word with the root of eke v., while others consider it < Aryan *au again + *ge particle of emphasis; compare Greek αὖ γε. The form ok in 13th cent. is apparently < Old Norse

archaic.

Also, too, moreover; in addition.

ΚΠ

a700 Epinal Gloss. 846 Quinetiam, æc þan..æc don.

OE Beowulf 3131 Dracan ec scufun, wyrm ofer weallclif.

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xi. 9 Ic eow secge, eac maran þonne witegan.

1154 Anglo-Saxon Chron. anno 1118 Eac on þison geare wæs ungemetliche mycel wind.

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 3 Mid his apostles and ec mid oðere floc manna.

c1175 Cott. Hom. 221 Swa mihte æac þe oðre.

a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 24 Vor þet ec þet he dude hire was iðe frumðe sore hire unþonckes.

a1300 Havelok 200 Þe beste, fayreste, the strangest ok.

1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. i. 88 And eke I-liknet to vr lord.

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 210 Her here heke al hyr vmbe-gon.

c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 757 Eke ther to he was right a murye man.

a1420 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 565 The ende is dethe of male and eke femele.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 249 In it haif I in pulpet gon and preichit, In Derntoun kirk and eik in Canterberry.

a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) i. sig. N8^v These forrests eke, made wretched by our musique.

c1616 R. C. Times' Whistle (1871) v. 1658 But eke doth comprehend That base vnmanly sinne of drunkennesse.

1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy II. ii. 15 Supposing the wax good, and eke the thimble.

a1856 H. W. Longfellow Children Lord's Supper 122 Answered the young men Yes! and Yes! with lips softly breathing answered the maidens eke.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹c888

n.²1887

v.c1175

adv.a700

单词	eke
释义	† eken.¹ Brit. /iːk/, U.S. /ik/ Forms: Old English éaca, Middle English, 1500s, 1800s eke, Scottish (1500s eik, 1600s eeke). See also eche n.¹ Etymology: Old English éaca = Old Norse auke < Old Germanic aukon- , < same root as eche v. Obsolete* exc. dialect. 1. An addition, increase; a piece added on; a supplement. In Old English, A reinforcement (of troops). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > increase in quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > an increase eke894 increasec1384 eking1393 augmentationc1452 superexcrescence1479 access1548 accrue1548 accession1551 increasement1561 ekementa1603 afflux1603 accruement1607 increment1631 rise1654 plusa1721 raise1729 swell1768 gain1851 step-up1922 upcurve1928 build-up1943 894 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker MS.) Him com micel eaca to. a1000 Solomon & Saturn 460 Forþon is witena gehwam wopes eaca. 1786 A. Geddes Prosp. New Transl. Bible 95 The words in Italics..are generally ill-assorted and clumsy ekes. 1891 N.E.D. at Eke Mod. Sc. It would be too short without an eke. 2. spec. a. A tag to a bell-rope; also attributive, as in bell-eke. Also eche n.¹ ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > bell > [noun] > end of rope eche1525 eke1549 tail-rope1656 trace1663 sally1809 tuffing1869 1549 in T. Smith Rotherham Acc. (1878) 12 Paid to Robt. Machon for a neke to our gret Bell. 1566 in J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices (modernized text) III. 577/2 6 ekes for bell ropes 1/4. 1594 in T. Smith Rotherham Acc. (1878) 12 Payd unto Robert Okes for 10 payre of bell ekes 10s. b. A short straw or wooden cylinder on which a beehive is placed to increase its capacity. ΚΠ 1857 C. B. Robinson Rural Econ. in Yorks. Gloss. 184 Underlay..Now called ekes, additional bands of straw placed beneath the hive. 3. Scottish (16th and 17th centuries) A supplement, postscript, appendix to a formal document. ΚΠ 1568 Earl of Moray et al. Declar. 10 Dec. in H. Campbell Love Lett. Mary Queen of Scots (1824) 11 The eik or additioun to our answer. a1651 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1843) II. 451 The other partie had givin in an eeke or additioun to their former answere. 4. In adverbial phrase to eken (Old English tó éacan) in addition, besides, contracted in Middle English into teke adv. Also, in same sense, on eke. ΚΠ c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. i Þæt wæs to eacan oþrum unarimeðum yflum. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 51 To eken oþer þo gremeden hem sore. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 133 Þe nome of ester ne seið naut ane ab scondita...ach deð teken. eleuata inpopulis. a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 37 Hire chyn ys chosen ant eyþer cheke whit ynoh ant rode on eke. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). eken.² Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown.Perhaps compare eke v. 1a; the male salmon may perhaps be so called on account of the fact that it deposits its milt on top of the female's eggs. dialect. A male salmon. ΚΠ 1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 22 Aug. 10/2 It [a salmon] was a male fish, or what is known in the north of England amongst fishermen as an ‘eke’. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2022). ekev. Brit. /iːk/, U.S. /ik/ Forms: Old English (see eche v.), Middle English eken, Middle English–1500s ek, (Middle English ayke, ȝeke(n), Middle English–1700s eek(e, 1500s–1600s eak(e, (1600s eck, eyk), Middle English– eke, Middle English– Scottish eik. Etymology: partly < eke n.¹; partly dialect (northern) form of eche v. 1. a. transitive. To increase, add to, lengthen. Also absol. †neither to eke nor to pair (Scottish): neither to add to nor take from. Proverb, every (also a) little ekes. archaic or dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > increase in quantity, amount, or degree > [verb (transitive)] echeOE ekec1200 multiplya1275 morea1300 increase13.. vaunce1303 enlargec1380 augmenta1400 accrease1402 alargea1425 amply?a1425 great?1440 hainc1440 creasec1475 grow1481 amplea1500 to get upa1500 improve1509 ampliatea1513 auge1542 over1546 amplify1549 raise1583 grand1602 swell1602 magnoperate1610 greaten1613 accresce1626 aggrandize1638 majoratea1651 adauge1657 protend1659 reinforce1660 examplify1677 pluralize1750 to drive up1817 to whoop up1856 to jack up1884 upbuild1890 steepen1909 up1934 c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 57 Þe holie man fasteð forto..eken his holinesse. a1300 E.E. Psalter civ. [cv.] 24 He ayked his folk swith mikel on an. c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1840) 133 Theyr bounté for to eeke. c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 26 Þey..ȝekun þer synnis. c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 13 Nowe..þe pricis are ekid. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 531/2 I eke..my gowne is to shorte for me, but I wyll eke it. 1566 J. Knox Hist. Reformation in Wks. (1846) I. 130 This miserie..which the malice of man cane neyther eak nor paire. 1599 S. Harsnett Discov. Fraudulent Pract. I. Darrel 193 As they say, Every thing Eiketh. 1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 96 Quhen the partie hes named ane certaine number of witnes, he may not thereafter eike, nor pair the number of the witnes. 1639 J. Clarke Paroemiologia 10 A litle eekes. 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iii. 372 It not being princely to..eek the same [sc. the vail of the tabernacle], another was contrived. 1731 A. Pope Epist. to Earl of Burlington 13 Some patch'd Doghole ek'd with Ends of Wall. 1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote I. iv. xxi. 377 Without eking or curtailing God's precious truth. 1829 J. Clare Ode to Autumn in A. Cunningham Anniversary 76 The moaning brook, that ekes its weary speed. 1907 W. C. Hazlitt Eng. Prov. & Proverbial Phrases (new ed.) 24 A little ekes, quoth Jenny Wren, when she pissed in the sea. †b. intransitive. To increase, grow. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 162 His power eikit so and grew. †2. To add. Const. †til, to. Also absol. Obsolete. ΚΠ c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 16353 Ȝiff þu takesst twiȝȝess. an. & ekesst itt till fowwre. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 21194 Þar-til þai eked mar and mare. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. xxvi. 190 Sal I ek til Goddis wengeance? c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xv. 97 Ther can na thing be eikkyt to my parsecutione bot cruel dede. 1634–46 J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 17 We..conforme..to the notes and additions thereto eiked. 1733 D. Neal Hist. Puritans II. 14 His Majesty..eked others that I had omitted. 3. to eke out: a. to supplement, supply the deficiencies of anything (const. with); esp. to make (resources, materials, articles of consumption, etc.) last the required time by additions, by partial use of a substitute, or by economy. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > make complete [verb (transitive)] > complete, fill up, or make up > by supplying what is wanting performa1382 supplyc1480 upmake1485 to make up1488 mend?a1505 to stop, to fill (in or up), to supply a gap?1523 to eke out1596 help out (also through)1600 size1608 echea1616 inch out1620 to eke up1633 supplete1664 lengthen1670 supplement1749 to husband out1762 sort1880 piecenc1900 1596 Bp. W. Barlow tr. L. Lavater Three Christian Serm. iii. 133 Not to bee so..giuen to spending..but eeke it out to the vtmost. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) i. ii. 184 Ros. The little strength that I haue, I would it were with you. Cel. And mine to eeke out hers. View more context for this quotation 1623 W. Lisle in tr. Ælfric Saxon Treat. Old & New Test. To Rdr. 6 Best is he that inuents, the next he that followes forth and eekes out a good inuention. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 157 My Ink..had been gone..all but a very little, which I eek'd out with Water. a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 328 But what his common sense came short, He eked out wi' law, man. 1872 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries Abyssinia (new ed.) xx. 353 I determined to start..to eke out our scanty supply of water. 1874 A. H. Sayce Princ. Compar. Philol. i. 25 The meaning of their [savage races'] words has to be eked out by gesture. 1878 H. S. Wilson Alpine Ascents ii. 57 After a glass apiece we eke out the remainder with snow. b. To prolong (a speech or composition, an action) by expedients devised for that purpose; to contrive to fill up (a certain amount of space in writing, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong lengOE drawOE teec1200 forlengtha1300 lengtha1300 drivec1300 tarryc1320 proloynec1350 continuec1380 to draw alonga1382 longa1382 dretch1393 conservea1398 to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400 prorogue1419 prolongc1425 aroomc1440 prorogate?a1475 protend?a1475 dilate1489 forlong1496 relong1523 to draw out1542 sustentate1542 linger1543 defer1546 pertract1548 propagate1548 protract1548 linger1550 lengthen1555 train1556 detract?a1562 to make forth (long, longer)1565 stretch1568 extend1574 extenuate1583 dree1584 wire-draw1598 to spin out1603 trail1604 disabridge1605 produce1605 continuate1611 out-length1617 spin1629 to eke out1641 producta1670 prolongate1671 drawl1694 drag1697 perennate1698 string1867 perennialize1898 1641 J. Milton Animadversions 64 Your reverence to eek out your sermonings shall need repaire to Postills, or Polianthea's. a1656 J. Ussher Ann. World (1658) vi. 551 As for his ecking out..the Siege, it was done upon good grounds. 1747 S. Johnson Plan Dict. 26 To eke out any thing, signifies to lengthen it beyond its just dimensions by some low artifice. a1845 R. H. Barham Brothers of Birchington in Ingoldsby Legends (1847) 3rd Ser. 265 Enough to have eked out a decent-sized volume. 1865 D. Livingstone & C. Livingstone Narr. Exped. Zambesi xi. 236 He..eked out the measure with a peculiar musical sound. c. To contrive to make (a livelihood), or to support (existence) by various makeshifts. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > [verb (transitive)] > sustain life sustainc1330 lead?a1366 finda1450 sustentate1542 breast1573 subsist1612 to keep body (life) and soul togethera1616 preserve1694 to eke out1825 1825 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. in Wks. (1859) I. 89 To eke out the existence of the people, every person..was called on for a weekly subscription. 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. ii. 22 Some runaway slaves,..contrived to eke out a subsistence. 1868 F. W. Farrar Seekers after God i. i. 12 To eke out a scanty livelihood. †4. to eke up: to supply, repair (a loss). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > make complete [verb (transitive)] > complete, fill up, or make up > by supplying what is wanting performa1382 supplyc1480 upmake1485 to make up1488 mend?a1505 to stop, to fill (in or up), to supply a gap?1523 to eke out1596 help out (also through)1600 size1608 echea1616 inch out1620 to eke up1633 supplete1664 lengthen1670 supplement1749 to husband out1762 sort1880 piecenc1900 1633 D. Rogers Treat. Two Sacraments Gospell ii. 53 What meanes are so like to eike up..spiritual losses, as the Supper of the Lord? This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). ekeadv. Brit. /iːk/, U.S. /ik/ Forms: Old English–Middle English éac, (Old English ǽc, éc), Middle English ec, ek, Middle English æac, ok, Middle English–1500s eek(e, (Middle English heke, yke), 1500s–1600s eake, Scottish1500s eik(e, 1700s eek, Middle English– eke. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Common Germanic < Old English éac = Old Frisian âk , Old Saxon ôk (Dutch ook ), Old High German ouh (Middle High German ouch , modern German auch ), Old Norse auk ‘also’ (Danish og . Swedish och ‘and’), Gothic auk for, but. The ultimate origin is uncertain; some connect the word with the root of eke v., while others consider it < Aryan au again + ge particle of emphasis; compare Greek αὖ γε. The form ok in 13th cent. is apparently < Old Norse archaic. Also, too, moreover; in addition. ΚΠ a700 Epinal Gloss. 846 Quinetiam, æc þan..æc don. OE Beowulf 3131 Dracan ec scufun, wyrm ofer weallclif. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xi. 9 Ic eow secge, eac maran þonne witegan. 1154 Anglo-Saxon Chron. anno 1118 Eac on þison geare wæs ungemetliche mycel wind. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 3 Mid his apostles and ec mid oðere floc manna. c1175 Cott. Hom. 221 Swa mihte æac þe oðre. a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 24 Vor þet ec þet he dude hire was iðe frumðe sore hire unþonckes. a1300 Havelok 200 Þe beste, fayreste, the strangest ok. 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. i. 88 And eke I-liknet to vr lord. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 210 Her here heke al hyr vmbe-gon. c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 757 Eke ther to he was right a murye man. a1420 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 565 The ende is dethe of male and eke femele. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 249 In it haif I in pulpet gon and preichit, In Derntoun kirk and eik in Canterberry. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) i. sig. N8^v These forrests eke, made wretched by our musique. c1616 R. C. Times' Whistle (1871) v. 1658 But eke doth comprehend That base vnmanly sinne of drunkennesse. 1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy II. ii. 15 Supposing the wax good, and eke the thimble. a1856 H. W. Longfellow Children Lord's Supper 122 Answered the young men Yes! and Yes! with lips softly breathing answered the maidens eke. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹c888n.²1887v.c1175adv.a700
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† eken.1

eken.2

ekev.

ekeadv.

† eken.¹

eken.²