outliern.
/ˈaʊtˌlʌɪə/, U.S. /ˈaʊtˌlaɪ(ə)r/ 1. † b. A person who sleeps or lives in the open air, or away from his or her place of business, duty, etc. Obsolete.
a. An individual whose origins, beliefs, or behaviour place him or her outside a particular establishment or community; a nonconformist, an outsider.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > separation or isolation > [noun] > one who is separated or isolated > stranger or outsider
fremdc950
guestc950
althedyOE
allophyleOE
uncoutha1250
strangea1325
alienc1384
barbarc1384
barbarync1384
strangerc1385
barbaric1388
foreigna1399
outland?a1400
farandman14..
out-comelingc1400
foreigner1422
alienar1473
alienate1497
estrangec1503
new face?a1513
barbarianc1550
fremman1568
frenne1579
estranger1586
inmatea1600
outlier1606
outcomer1607
externc1610
exoteric1697
outner1721
outsider1800
unco1800
inconnu1807
outrigger1850
offcome1859
ringer1896
offcomer1898
shenzi1910
out-grouper1938
outworlder1948
1606 in W. Cramond Church of Aberdour (1896) 3 And in cases of disobedience the minister is ordeinit to proceed to the censure of the Kirk against the contumacious and outliers.
1675 Char. Town Misse 3 You may call her an honest Courtezan..; for though she is an Outlier, yet she seems to be confined within the Pale, and differs from your ordinary Prostitute, as Wholesale men from Retailers.
1690 T. D'Urfey Collin's Walk Pref. sig. Aviiv Every worthy and true English Protestant of the Establish'd Church (for I have no hopes of the Outlyers).
1826 C. Lamb Let. 16 May (1935) III. 44 I do not know how Friends will relish it, but we out-lyers, Honorary Friends, like it very well.
1835 in Amer. Notes & Queries (1981) Sept.–Oct. 6/2 Her house was always a place of refuge for such plundering, pilfering ‘out-lyers’, as could find protection no where else.
1923 E. Hemingway Let. 23 Jan. (2013) II. 6 I am on the point of being thrown out from all except the society of outliers like yourself.
2004 Jerusalem Post 25 Jan. (Wall St. Jrnl. Suppl.) 17 Happily for Republicans, Mr. Specter proved the outlier, morally as well as politically.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > [noun] > dweller outside or away from a place
outmana1325
outlier1652
outdweller1682
absentee1898
1652 Anti-Levellers Antidote 34 Such Officers..have taken as it were a yearly Rent of many Out-liers and Fugitives in their Counties.
1677 T. D'Urfey Madam Fickle ii. 11 Out-liers, comers and goers.
1705 G. Stanhope Paraphr. III. 201 He dispatches another Message to the Highways and Hedges, to fetch in all the Outlyers.
1812 H. Marshall Hist. Kentucky 226 Some out-lyers of the Chuckamoggas.
1866 Notes & Queries 19 May 421/1 Outliers are soldiers (generally married men) who, when there is not sufficient barrack accommodation, receive an allowance..and provide themselves with lodgings.
c. Chiefly Scottish. An animal that lives outside an enclosure or away from a herd; an animal that lives or is found in the open.
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the world > animals > by habitat > [noun] > terrestrial animal > inhabiting open country
outliera1658
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > family Cervidae (deer) > [noun] > kept in park or wild
outliera1658
wild deer1748
park deer1898
a1658 J. Cleveland Clievelandi Vindiciæ (1677) 157 It is but Trifling sport for you to pull down an Out-lyer, unless you leap the Pale and let slip at the Herd.
1704 Let. in Atholl MSS 11 July in Sc. National Dict. VI. 509/3 A buck that has ben an out lyer thes severall years.
1784 A. Wight Present State Husbandry in Scotl. IV: Pt. ii. 623 A temporary fold was made up, wherein..out-liers were confined.
a1878 H. Ainslie Pilgrimage to Land of Burns & Poems (1892) 37 It wauken'd burdies frae the bough, An' outlyers frae their lair.
1939 J. Joyce Finnegans Wake 97 From his holt..the outlier, a white noelan.., led bayers the run.
1954 Scotsman 27 Mar. 3 West of Ireland Bullocks suitable for early grass beef, all outliers.
1977 Field 13 Jan. 52/1 Hounds found an outlier at the back of Alexton village and hunted him past the hall.
2.
a. Scottish. A large detached stone or boulder.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > [noun] > a rock > boulder
stonerockeOE
rochec1300
rocka1413
calionc1459
outlier1610
boother1680
tumbler1789
boulder1815
lost stone1819
erratic blocka1828
erratic blocka1828
lost rock1831
gibber1834
tumbling stone1857
foundling-stone1892
1610 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1848) II. 300 The keaping stane to be of outlairis, frie wark, and boulted with irne.
1776 Session Papers in Sc. National Dict. (1965) VI. (at cited word) There are quarries of stones and outlayers.
1807 J. Hall Trav. Scotl. II. 333 There is, in the parish of Ordiquhill, a large outlier of lime stone some tons weight, and no lime-rock to be found near it.
1955 A. Thom in Jrnl. Royal Statist. Soc. A. 118 275 Many of the circles have one or more outliers, i.e. single upright stones outside the ring.
b. Geology. A portion of a geological formation separated from the main body by erosion, faulting, or folding; spec. a younger rock formation isolated among older rocks (cf. inlier n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > [noun] > formation > by origin in place > detached
outlier1833
1833 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. III. Gloss. 76 When a portion of a stratum occurs at some distance detached from the general mass..some practical mineral surveyors call it an outlier, and the term is adopted in geological language.
1849 J. Ruskin Seven Lamps Archit. ii. 54 Interrupted..by great mountain outliers, isolated or branching from the central chain.
1854 H. Miller My Schools & Schoolmasters viii. 152 There lies in the Frith beyond, an outlier of the Lias.
1889 J. Croll Stellar Evol. 55 Occasional outliers of conglomerate on the Highland side of the fault.
1920 A. W. Grabau Textbk. Geol. I. xxii. 724 Many outliers are found in front of the escarpments and mark the progress of differential retreat.
1976 Lancs. Evening Post 7 Dec. 8/8 Thornthwaite Crag is really an outlier of the Troutbeck fells but its ascent can easily be included in a traverse of these tops.
1990 C. Pellant Rocks, Minerals & Fossils 36 Originally many thousands of metres of this Torridonian sandstone covered the whole region, but only a few remnant outliers are now left.
3.
a. gen. An outlying portion or member of something, detached from the main mass, body, or system to which it belongs. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > outlying part
member1601
outlier1852
the world > space > distance > distance or farness > [noun] > that which is distant > a remote part
outlay1563
outliggand1587
outfield1637
outlier1885
1852 Times 20 May 8/6 Where is the report of the Oxford Commission?.. May we not find Westminster and Winchester there? for they are outliers of that University, as Eton is of Cambridge.
1854 R. G. Latham Native Races Russ. Empire 39 Outlyers from the neighbouring Government of Esthonia.
1885 R. F. Burton tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm. V. cdxxx. 177 They took leave of him and departing to the outliers of the city, flew..to their several abodes.
1926 D. G. Hogarth Kings of Hittites 3 The Hittite civilization of Hamath was but an outlier of ‘Hattism’, advanced southward along a trunk-road.
1992 Business Mag. Summer 5/1 Often the Japanese insist that it is America, not Japan, which is the real outlier in the international community—that Japan is much like Europe.
b. Statistics. An observation whose value lies outside the set of values considered likely according to some hypothesis (usually one based on other observations); an isolated point. Also in extended use.
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the world > relative properties > number > probability or statistics > [noun] > variable > observation(s)
observation1559
time series1887
moment1893
variate1899
outlier1907
1907 Biometrika 5 312 The ‘exceptionals’..are mostly ‘outliers’ in the tables of pairs of distributions considered.
1936 Biometrika 28 312 (in figure) Outliers in samples of 10 & 15.
1950 Ann. Math. Statistics 21 38 A natural statistic to use for testing an ‘outlier’ is the difference between such an extreme observation and the sample mean.
1973 Computers & Humanities 7 136 What..differentiates ‘La Comtesse d'Escarbagnas’, at the top of the diagram, from the remaining plays? What is special about an outlier such as ‘Dom Garcie’?
1987 K. A. Rubinson Chem. Anal. iv. 132 The validity of outliers can be tested by using statistical methods.
4. U.S. Fishing. = set line n. at set adj.1 Compounds 1. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > fishing-line > [noun] > trawl-line or set line
boulter1602
spiller1602
bulter1769
trot-line1826
spillet1832
bultow1858
trot1858
trawl1864
set line1865
trawl-line1867
outline1890
trat-line1894
outlier1904
trout-line1912
1904 N.E.D. (at cited word) Outlier, A set-line, out-line.
Compounds
outlier library n. a branch of a library situated at a distance from the main or central library.
ΚΠ
1928 Libr. Assoc. Rec. Dec. 244 The Central Library has wisely recruited several of the larger public libraries..to act as outlier libraries.
1977 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts 125 269/2 The Library is an ‘outlier’ library of the British Library.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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