† overheavev.

Forms: see over- prefix and heave v.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old High German ubarheven , ubarheben to lift (higher) up, to exalt oneself, to pass over (Middle High German überheben , German überheben , now chiefly in reflexive use ‘to be arrogant’), Gothic ufarhafjan to exalt oneself < the Germanic base of over- prefix + the Germanic base of heave v.Sense 4 apparently has no connection with the earlier senses. Compare German überheben (reflexive) to lift too much. N.E.D. (1904) gives the pronunciation as (ō^uvərhī·v) /əʊvəˈhiːv/.

Obsolete.

1. transitive. To lift or raise above something else; to exalt. rare.In quot. OE apparently with object implied; the glossator has misunderstood the Latin text (cf. the translation of the same words in (Northumbrian) Liturgical Texts (Durham Ritual) where superexaltatus is correctly rendered oferhebbendlic).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > majesty, glory, or grandeur > exaltation or glorification > exalt or glorify [verb (transitive)] > over someone or something else

overheaveOE

over-raisea1400

OE Arundel Psalter: Canticles vii. 88 Benedictus es in firmamento cęli, et laudabi[li]s et gloriosus et superexaltatus in secula : gebletsod þu eart on trumnesse heofonas & hergendlic & wuldorful & oferhebbaþ on worlde.

a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) lxxii. 16 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 203 (MED) Ouerhouen sal be Ouer Yban his fruyte.

2. transitive. To pass over, neglect, omit.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > victory > make victorious [verb (transitive)] > conquer or overcome

overcomeeOE

shendc893

awinc1000

overwinOE

overheaveOE

to lay downa1225

mate?c1225

discomfitc1230

win1297

dauntc1300

cumber1303

scomfit1303

fenkc1320

to bear downc1330

confoundc1330

confusec1330

to do, put arrear1330

oversetc1330

vanquishc1330

conquerc1374

overthrowc1375

oppressc1380

outfighta1382

to put downa1382

discomfortc1384

threshc1384

vencuea1400

depressc1400

venque?1402

ding?a1425

cumrayc1425

to put to (also at, unto) the (also one's) worsec1425

to bring or put to (or unto) utterance1430

distrussc1430

supprisec1440

ascomfita1450

to do stress?c1450

victorya1470

to make (win) a conquest1477

convanquish1483

conquest1485

defeat1485

oversailc1485

conques1488

discomfish1488

fulyie1488

distress1489

overpress1489

cravent1490

utter?1533

to give (a person) the overthrow1536

debel1542

convince1548

foil1548

out-war1548

profligate1548

proflige?c1550

expugnate1568

expugn1570

victor1576

dismay1596

damnify1598

triumph1605

convict1607

overman1609

thrash1609

beat1611

debellate1611

import1624

to cut to (or in) pieces1632

maitrise1636

worst1636

forcea1641

outfight1650

outgeneral1767

to cut up1803

smash1813

slosh1890

ream1918

hammer1948

the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > not do [verb (transitive)] > leave undone or fail to carry out

letc900

overheaveOE

forsakec1175

missa1350

leavea1375

fail1393

forgeta1400

omit?c1422

pretermit1475

neglect1533

to dispense with1559

permit1567

overrun1583

slip1592

default1649

to miss of ——1658

to fail of1723

the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > have or gain mastery or superiority over [verb (transitive)] > overcome or defeat

shendc893

overwinOE

overheaveOE

mate?c1225

to say checkmatea1346

vanquishc1366

stightlea1375

outrayc1390

to put undera1393

forbeat1393

to shave (a person's) beardc1412

to put to (also at, unto) the (also one's) worsec1425

adawc1440

supprisec1440

to knock downc1450

to put to the worsta1475

waurc1475

convanquish1483

to put out1485

trima1529

convince1548

foil1548

whip1571

evict1596

superate1598

reduce1605

convict1607

defail1608

cast1610

banga1616

evince1620

worst1646

conquer1655

cuffa1657

trounce1657

to ride down1670

outdo1677

routa1704

lurcha1716

fling1790

bowl1793

lick1800

beat1801

mill1810

to row (someone) up Salt River1828

defeat1830

sack1830

skunk1832

whop1836

pip1838

throw1850

to clean out1858

take1864

wallop1865

to sock it to1877

whack1877

to clean up1888

to beat out1893

to see off1919

to lower the boom on1920

tonk1926

clobber1944

ace1950

to run into the ground1955

OE tr. Orosius Hist. (Tiber.) (1980) i. viii. 27 Ic wat geare..þæt ic his sceal her fela oferhebban [L. praeterire].

lOE Laws of Edward the Elder (Rochester) ii. viii. 144 Gif hit hwa oferhebbe, bete swa we ær cwædon.

c1330 Body & Soul (Auch.) (1889) 28 Þe pouer..Euer þou..ouer-haf.

a1400 (?c1280) Nativity Mary & Christ (Stowe) (1975) 157 (MED) Þei maden hym beren is ȝerd forþ; he ne muste ouerhoue be.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 245 (MED) Rightfulle dome he gaf on foles for þer misdede, No man be ouerhaf, bot alle þorgh lawe ȝede.

a1450–1509 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (A-version) (1913) 4667 (MED) Maydyn and grome, hosebonde and spous, Myn hoost slowȝ, and non ouyrhaff.

3. transitive. Perhaps: to overcome, conquer. rare.

ΚΠ

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 13218 So had strokes þe Bretons gaf, þe Romeyns route þei alle ouerhaf.

4. transitive. To overstrain (oneself) in heaving or lifting. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > exert oneself [verb (reflexive)] > with strenuous physical effort > excessively

overheave1808

overexert1817

1808 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 19 502 A Hernia..which was..increased..by overheaving himself, in carrying water.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	overheave
释义	† overheavev. Forms: see over- prefix and heave v. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old High German ubarheven , ubarheben to lift (higher) up, to exalt oneself, to pass over (Middle High German überheben , German überheben , now chiefly in reflexive use ‘to be arrogant’), Gothic ufarhafjan to exalt oneself < the Germanic base of over- prefix + the Germanic base of heave v.Sense 4 apparently has no connection with the earlier senses. Compare German überheben (reflexive) to lift too much. N.E.D. (1904) gives the pronunciation as (ō^uvərhī·v) /əʊvəˈhiːv/. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To lift or raise above something else; to exalt. rare.In quot. OE apparently with object implied; the glossator has misunderstood the Latin text (cf. the translation of the same words in (Northumbrian) Liturgical Texts (Durham Ritual) where superexaltatus is correctly rendered oferhebbendlic). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > majesty, glory, or grandeur > exaltation or glorification > exalt or glorify [verb (transitive)] > over someone or something else overheaveOE over-raisea1400 OE Arundel Psalter: Canticles vii. 88 Benedictus es in firmamento cęli, et laudabi[li]s et gloriosus et superexaltatus in secula : gebletsod þu eart on trumnesse heofonas & hergendlic & wuldorful & oferhebbaþ on worlde. a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) lxxii. 16 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 203 (MED) Ouerhouen sal be Ouer Yban his fruyte. 2. transitive. To pass over, neglect, omit. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > victory > make victorious [verb (transitive)] > conquer or overcome overcomeeOE shendc893 awinc1000 overwinOE overheaveOE to lay downa1225 mate?c1225 discomfitc1230 win1297 dauntc1300 cumber1303 scomfit1303 fenkc1320 to bear downc1330 confoundc1330 confusec1330 to do, put arrear1330 oversetc1330 vanquishc1330 conquerc1374 overthrowc1375 oppressc1380 outfighta1382 to put downa1382 discomfortc1384 threshc1384 vencuea1400 depressc1400 venque?1402 ding?a1425 cumrayc1425 to put to (also at, unto) the (also one's) worsec1425 to bring or put to (or unto) utterance1430 distrussc1430 supprisec1440 ascomfita1450 to do stress?c1450 victorya1470 to make (win) a conquest1477 convanquish1483 conquest1485 defeat1485 oversailc1485 conques1488 discomfish1488 fulyie1488 distress1489 overpress1489 cravent1490 utter?1533 to give (a person) the overthrow1536 debel1542 convince1548 foil1548 out-war1548 profligate1548 proflige?c1550 expugnate1568 expugn1570 victor1576 dismay1596 damnify1598 triumph1605 convict1607 overman1609 thrash1609 beat1611 debellate1611 import1624 to cut to (or in) pieces1632 maitrise1636 worst1636 forcea1641 outfight1650 outgeneral1767 to cut up1803 smash1813 slosh1890 ream1918 hammer1948 the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > not do [verb (transitive)] > leave undone or fail to carry out letc900 overheaveOE forsakec1175 missa1350 leavea1375 fail1393 forgeta1400 omit?c1422 pretermit1475 neglect1533 to dispense with1559 permit1567 overrun1583 slip1592 default1649 to miss of ——1658 to fail of1723 the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > have or gain mastery or superiority over [verb (transitive)] > overcome or defeat shendc893 overwinOE overheaveOE mate?c1225 to say checkmatea1346 vanquishc1366 stightlea1375 outrayc1390 to put undera1393 forbeat1393 to shave (a person's) beardc1412 to put to (also at, unto) the (also one's) worsec1425 adawc1440 supprisec1440 to knock downc1450 to put to the worsta1475 waurc1475 convanquish1483 to put out1485 trima1529 convince1548 foil1548 whip1571 evict1596 superate1598 reduce1605 convict1607 defail1608 cast1610 banga1616 evince1620 worst1646 conquer1655 cuffa1657 trounce1657 to ride down1670 outdo1677 routa1704 lurcha1716 fling1790 bowl1793 lick1800 beat1801 mill1810 to row (someone) up Salt River1828 defeat1830 sack1830 skunk1832 whop1836 pip1838 throw1850 to clean out1858 take1864 wallop1865 to sock it to1877 whack1877 to clean up1888 to beat out1893 to see off1919 to lower the boom on1920 tonk1926 clobber1944 ace1950 to run into the ground1955 OE tr. Orosius Hist. (Tiber.) (1980) i. viii. 27 Ic wat geare..þæt ic his sceal her fela oferhebban [L. praeterire]. lOE Laws of Edward the Elder (Rochester) ii. viii. 144 Gif hit hwa oferhebbe, bete swa we ær cwædon. c1330 Body & Soul (Auch.) (1889) 28 Þe pouer..Euer þou..ouer-haf. a1400 (?c1280) Nativity Mary & Christ (Stowe) (1975) 157 (MED) Þei maden hym beren is ȝerd forþ; he ne muste ouerhoue be. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 245 (MED) Rightfulle dome he gaf on foles for þer misdede, No man be ouerhaf, bot alle þorgh lawe ȝede. a1450–1509 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (A-version) (1913) 4667 (MED) Maydyn and grome, hosebonde and spous, Myn hoost slowȝ, and non ouyrhaff. 3. transitive. Perhaps: to overcome, conquer. rare. ΚΠ ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 13218 So had strokes þe Bretons gaf, þe Romeyns route þei alle ouerhaf. 4. transitive. To overstrain (oneself) in heaving or lifting. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > exert oneself [verb (reflexive)] > with strenuous physical effort > excessively overheave1808 overexert1817 1808 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 19 502 A Hernia..which was..increased..by overheaving himself, in carrying water. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.OE
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