bardn.¹

Brit.

/bɑːd/, U.S.

/bɑrd/

Forms: Middle English– bard, 1500s–1600s barde; also 1500s–1600s (Scottish) baird, 1500s barth, 1500s–1600s bardh.

Etymology: < Gaelic and Irish bàrd < Old Celtic *bardo-s poet-singer, minstrel (whence Greek βάρδος , Latin bardus , as alien words, ‘bardus Gallice cantor appellatur, qui virorum fortium laudes canit,’ Festus). In English originally only an alien word from the modern Celtic vernaculars, i.e. in Scotland bard , baird from Gaelic, in England barth , bardh from Welsh bardd , and bard from Irish, employed as in contemporary Celtic usage; first naturalized in Scotland, and then by no means appreciative in its use (see sense 2); afterwards, under the influence of the βάρδος, bardus of the classical writers, adopted in English literature as a historical and poetic term.

1. An ancient Celtic order of minstrel-poets, whose primary function appears to have been to compose and sing (usually to the harp) verses celebrating the achievements of chiefs and warriors, and who committed to verse historical and traditional facts, religious precepts, laws, genealogies, etc. Still the word for ‘poet’ in modern Celtic languages; and in Welsh spec. A poet or versifier who has been recognized at the Eisteddfod.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poet > poet by period > [noun] > bard > Celtic bard

barda1525

a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 795 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 119 Sa come ye ruke with a rerd and a rane roch A bard owt of Irland with banachadee.

a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) V. 12 Peraventure LLeuys Morganne the Barth was deceivid in this.

1584 H. Llwyd & D. Powel Hist. Cambria 15 This word Bardh signified such as had knowledge of things to come.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iv. ii. 108 A Bard of Ireland told me once I should not liue long after I saw Richmond.

a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 51 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) There is amongst the Irish a certaine kind of people, called Bardes, which are to them in steed of Poets, whose profession is to set foorth the praises or dispraises of men in their Poems or Rymes.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 421 The funerall song or Dump of a most ancient British Bard. [Note, Poet].

1615 R. A. Valiant Welshman i. i. sig. A4^v Call with your siluer tones, that reverend Bardh.

1627 T. May tr. Lucan Pharsalia (new ed.) i. (R.) You bards securely sung your elegyes [L. fudistis carmina Bardi].

1780 E. Burke Speech Oeconomical Reformation 24 The invasion of King Edward, and the massacre of the bards.

1879 G. F. Maclear Celts ii. 18 The Druidic order included..the Bards or ‘Glee-men.’

2. In early Lowland Scottish used for: A strolling musician or minstrel (into which the Celtic bard had degenerated, and against whom many laws were enacted); in 16th cent. a term of contempt, but idealized by Scott by association with 4.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > [noun] > minstrel

gleemanc897

galegalea1250

minstrel?a1300

bard1449

sing-song1694

troubadour1728

musar1776

jongleur1782

minstreless1817

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > minstrelsy > [noun] > minstrel

gleemanc897

galegalea1250

minstrel?a1300

bard1449

troubadour1728

jongleur1782

1449 Act 6 Jas. II (1597) §22 Gif there be onie that makis them fuilis and are bairdes, or vthers sic like rinnares about.

1457 Act 6 Jas. II (1597) §80 Sornares, bairdes, maister-full beggers, or feinȝiet fuiles.

?a1500 Kenneth's Stat. in Sir J. Balfour Patricks 680 All vagabundis, fulis, bardis, scudlaris, and siclike idill pepill, sall be brint on the cheek.

a1513 W. Dunbar Flyting in Poems (1998) I. 201 Iersche brybour baird, wyle beggar with thy brattis.

1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 135 Feinzied fooles, bairdes, rynners about..after sundrie punishments, may be hanged.

1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel i. Introd. 3 The last of all the Bards was he, Who sung of Border chivalry.

3. Applied to the early versifying minstrels or poets of other nations, before the use of writing, as the Old English gleeman, Scandinavian scald, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poet > poet by period > [noun] > bard

scopc888

leoth-scopc1275

minstrel?a1300

bard1623

1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Bardes, ancient Poets.

1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music iv. 41 After a certain Period of Civilization, the complex Character of Legislator and Bard would separate.

1774 T. Warton Hist. Eng. Poetry I. Diss. i. sig. e^v Various Islandic odes..which were sung by the Scandinavian bards.

1854 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity II. iv. iv. 99 A Teutonic literature has begun; the German bards have become Christian poets.

4. poetic. A lyric or epic poet, a ‘singer’; a poet generally. [Chiefly after Lucan; quot. 1627 at sense 1 ]

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poet > [noun]

versifierc1340

poeta1382

metrera1387

sayer?a1400

makerc1460

metrician?a1475

metrist?1545

singer1560

swannetc1560

songster1584

muse1596

Castalianist1607

metre-maker1611

versificator1611

swan1613

versemaker1647

verseman1652

Parnassian1658

bard1667

factist1676

poetic1687

minstrel1718

shaper1816

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iii. ii. 16 Hoo, Hearts, Tongues, Figure, Scribes, Bards, Poets, cannot Thinke speake, cast, write, sing, number: hoo, His loue to Anthony. ]

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 34 That wilde Rout that tore the Thracian Bard In Rhodope.

1712 A. Pope Messiah in Spectator No. 349 The SAVIOR comes! by ancient Bards foretold.

1769 D. Garrick Song in Wks. (1785) II. 427 For the bard of all bards was a Warwickshire Bard.

1809 Ld. Byron (title) English Bards and Scotch Reviewers.

1840 A. Cunningham in Burns Wks. 154/2 The character of the Ayr-shire bard.

1881 (title) The Bard of Avon Birthday Text-book compiled from Shakespeare's Plays and Poems.

Compounds

bard-craft; bard-like adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poet > [adjective] > belonging to or befitting poet(s)

poetical?a1425

poetic1490

poetlyc1500

bard-like1763

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > [noun] > art or practice of poetry

poesyc1390

makinga1393

rhymingc1405

metringc1425

metrificationc1450

versifyingc1450

rhythming1582

poetrya1586

versinga1586

metredom1592

versification1603

the gay science1693

versemanship1762

rhymery1822

bard-craft1840

poeticism1847

poetism1848

poetics1851

1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music ix. 168 The first great Bard-like Character we meet with [in China] is Confucius.

1808 W. Scott Marmion i. Introd. 14 The keener rush of blood, That throbs through bard in bard-like mood.

1820 T. Mitchell tr. Aristophanes Knights in tr. Aristophanes Comedies I. 205 Ye verse-smiths and bard-mechanicians.

1840 R. Browning Sordello ii. 312 Forswearing bard-craft.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

bardn.²

Forms: Also Middle English–1600s barde.

Etymology: < French barde horse-armour, also ‘a long saddle for an ass or mule of canvas’ (Cotgrave); compare Italian barda horse-armour, also pack-saddle, and French bardelle pack-saddle. These, and the existence of a dialect French aubarde , seem to identify the word with Spanish albarda , Portuguese albarda pack-saddle, referred by Devic to Arabic al-bardaʿah , i.e. al the + bardaʿah ‘stuffed pack-saddle for ass or mule’ (Bocthor), ‘covering placed over the back of a beast to alleviate the pressure of a pack-saddle’ (Freytag). Whether the French sense ‘defensive armour for a horse’ arose out of this is doubtful. Diez has compared Old Norse bard the beak of a ship, barði a beaked ship, a ‘ram,’ also (poetic) a shield. See also barb n.²

Obsolete exc. Historical.

1. (Usually plural) A protective covering for the breast and flanks of a war-horse, made of metal plates, or of leather set with metal spikes or bosses, but sometimes (e.g. in tournaments) merely ornamental, and made of velvet or other rich stuff.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for horse > [noun]

trappera1400

habiliment1470

bard1520

bardingc1540

barb1566

cooperison1586

caparison1598

housing1698

barbing1799

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > other cloths

poitrel1490

bard1520

fore-cloth1526

bardingc1540

barb1566

pectoral1602

water-deck1721

rug1790

barbing1799

sweaters1828

quarter blanket1872

quarter cloth1894

peto1957

sweat rug1971

1520 Chron. Eng. vii. f. 82/2 Stedes..trapped with yron bardes.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 803/1 [The] bards of their horsses white veluet.

1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie iv. xv. 232 The Shafron, the Cranet, and the Barde.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Barbe The Barde is an Armour of Iron or Leather, wherewith the Neck, Breast, and Shoulders of the Horse are cover'd.

1830 G. P. R. James Darnley II. vi. 106 We shall find bards, if we want them.

2. plural. Armour composed of metal plates, formerly worn by men-at-arms.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [noun] > plate- or scale-armour

platec1390

almain rivet1512

rivet1548

bards1551

plate armour1656

scale-armour1842

scale1853

1551 King Edward VI Jrnl. in Lit. Remains (1857) II. 375 Men of armes..some with sleves and hauf cotes, some with bards and staves.

1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 415/1 in Chron. I A Gentleman..trymly trapped with bardes of steele.

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. ix. 235 A compleate French man-at-armes, with all his bardes.

3. By confusion (or misprint) for barb n.¹ 4.

ΚΠ

1653 Consid. Dissolving Court of Chancery 24 To cure the Mallender, Farses, Trunchions, Bards..in a horse.

Compounds

bard-wise adv. as if with bards.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for horse > [adverb]

bard-wise1587

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 801/2 The kings spare horsse trapped bard wise, with harnesse brodred with bullion gold.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

bardn.³

Brit.

/bɑːd/, U.S.

/bɑrd/

Etymology: < French barde, in same sense, transferred from the armour barde ; see bard n.²

A thin slice of bacon used to cover a fowl, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > pork > [noun] > bacon > piece used for larding

lardet1598

lardon1653

lardlet1659

bard1706

larding-bacon1884

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) at Menehout A peculiar manner of baking Meat, cover'd with Bards, or thin Slices of Bacon, in an Oven between two Fires.

1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Neats Tongue Bards or thin Slices of Bacon..Having covered the Tongues with other Beef-Stakes and Bacon Bards.

1736 N. Bailey Dict. Domesticum Bards, broad slices of Bacon, with which pullets, capons, etc...are sometimes covered before they are roasted.

1960 Times 1 Aug. 9/3 Barding. Covering with thin slices of fat bacon or pork (bards), poultry, game or meat that is deficient in natural fat and is to be either oven or pot roasted. Bards are also used to line..a terrine.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

† bardadj.

Etymology: short for barded adj.; perhaps influenced by barred adj.

Obsolete.

= barded adj., barbed adj.²

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for horse > [adjective]

hilledc1330

barbed1509

barded1535

bard1581

barred1612

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [adjective] > clad in or protected by armour > clad in plate-armour

barded1535

bard1581

plated1671

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [adjective] > covered with other cloths

barbed1509

barded1535

bard1581

1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline ii. 127 The armed men, as well bard as light.

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xvi. x. 63 On bard horses [cataphracti equites]..harnessed all over with good corselets, and bard about [cincti] with guards of steele.

1627 M. Drayton Battaile Agincourt 8 Rich Saddles for the Light-horse and the Bard.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

bardv.¹

Brit.

/bɑːd/, U.S.

/bɑrd/

Forms: Also 1500s baird, bayrd.

Etymology: < French barde-r (15th cent.), < barde bard n.², bard n.³

1. To arm or caparison (a horse or man) with bards. (Chiefly in past participle: cf. barded adj.)

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for horse > armour horse [verb (transitive)]

wry1297

barda1521

cooperize1586

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [verb (transitive)] > fit horse armour

peytralc1400

barda1521

a1521 Helyas in W. J. Thoms Early Eng. Prose Romances (1858) III. 83 A good and mighty courser well barded and trapped.

1629 P. Holland tr. Xenophon Cyrupædia (1632) 71 To unloose the horses..to bridle them..also to bard them.

1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel i. xxix. 28 Scarce half the charger's neck was seen; For he was barded from counter to tail.

1845 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 58 775 The gallant bay charger barded with steel.

2. To cover (a fowl, etc.) with slices of bacon.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of meat > dress animals for food [verb (transitive)] > insert fat bacon

lardc1330

enarma1475

interlarda1533

bard1655

marble1803

piqué1846

piquer1865

1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. vi. 42 Whether roast meat be best..larded, barded, scorch'd or basted.

1884 Phillis Browne in Girl's Own P. June 491/2 Cooks who are afraid to lard the breasts of game or poultry frequently content themselves with barding the same.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

† bardv.²

Etymology: apparently due to confusion of barb v. and beard v.

Obsolete.

To clip; = barb v. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing wool > treat or process wool [verb (transitive)] > clip

forcec1440

barb1483

bard1641

1641 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) f. 61 To bard or beard wooll, is to cut the head and neck from the other part of the Fleece.

1693 W. Robertson Phraseologia Generalis (new ed.) 207 To Bard, or beard wool, extremitates vellerum tondere.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

n.¹1449

n.²1520

n.³1706

adj.1581

v.¹a1521

v.²1641

单词	bard
释义	bardn.¹ Brit. /bɑːd/, U.S. /bɑrd/ Forms: Middle English– bard, 1500s–1600s barde; also 1500s–1600s (Scottish) baird, 1500s barth, 1500s–1600s bardh. Etymology: < Gaelic and Irish bàrd < Old Celtic bardo-s poet-singer, minstrel (whence Greek βάρδος* , Latin bardus , as alien words, ‘bardus Gallice cantor appellatur, qui virorum fortium laudes canit,’ Festus). In English originally only an alien word from the modern Celtic vernaculars, i.e. in Scotland bard , baird from Gaelic, in England barth , bardh from Welsh bardd , and bard from Irish, employed as in contemporary Celtic usage; first naturalized in Scotland, and then by no means appreciative in its use (see sense 2); afterwards, under the influence of the βάρδος, bardus of the classical writers, adopted in English literature as a historical and poetic term. 1. An ancient Celtic order of minstrel-poets, whose primary function appears to have been to compose and sing (usually to the harp) verses celebrating the achievements of chiefs and warriors, and who committed to verse historical and traditional facts, religious precepts, laws, genealogies, etc. Still the word for ‘poet’ in modern Celtic languages; and in Welsh spec. A poet or versifier who has been recognized at the Eisteddfod. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poet > poet by period > [noun] > bard > Celtic bard barda1525 a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 795 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 119 Sa come ye ruke with a rerd and a rane roch A bard owt of Irland with banachadee. a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) V. 12 Peraventure LLeuys Morganne the Barth was deceivid in this. 1584 H. Llwyd & D. Powel Hist. Cambria 15 This word Bardh signified such as had knowledge of things to come. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iv. ii. 108 A Bard of Ireland told me once I should not liue long after I saw Richmond. View more context for this quotation a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 51 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) There is amongst the Irish a certaine kind of people, called Bardes, which are to them in steed of Poets, whose profession is to set foorth the praises or dispraises of men in their Poems or Rymes. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 421 The funerall song or Dump of a most ancient British Bard. [Note, Poet]. 1615 R. A. Valiant Welshman i. i. sig. A4^v Call with your siluer tones, that reverend Bardh. 1627 T. May tr. Lucan Pharsalia (new ed.) i. (R.) You bards securely sung your elegyes [L. fudistis carmina Bardi]. 1780 E. Burke Speech Oeconomical Reformation 24 The invasion of King Edward, and the massacre of the bards. 1879 G. F. Maclear Celts ii. 18 The Druidic order included..the Bards or ‘Glee-men.’ 2. In early Lowland Scottish used for: A strolling musician or minstrel (into which the Celtic bard had degenerated, and against whom many laws were enacted); in 16th cent. a term of contempt, but idealized by Scott by association with 4. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > [noun] > minstrel gleemanc897 galegalea1250 minstrel?a1300 bard1449 sing-song1694 troubadour1728 musar1776 jongleur1782 minstreless1817 society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > minstrelsy > [noun] > minstrel gleemanc897 galegalea1250 minstrel?a1300 bard1449 troubadour1728 jongleur1782 1449 Act 6 Jas. II (1597) §22 Gif there be onie that makis them fuilis and are bairdes, or vthers sic like rinnares about. 1457 Act 6 Jas. II (1597) §80 Sornares, bairdes, maister-full beggers, or feinȝiet fuiles. ?a1500 Kenneth's Stat. in Sir J. Balfour Patricks 680 All vagabundis, fulis, bardis, scudlaris, and siclike idill pepill, sall be brint on the cheek. a1513 W. Dunbar Flyting in Poems (1998) I. 201 Iersche brybour baird, wyle beggar with thy brattis. 1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 135 Feinzied fooles, bairdes, rynners about..after sundrie punishments, may be hanged. 1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel i. Introd. 3 The last of all the Bards was he, Who sung of Border chivalry. 3. Applied to the early versifying minstrels or poets of other nations, before the use of writing, as the Old English gleeman, Scandinavian scald, etc. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poet > poet by period > [noun] > bard scopc888 leoth-scopc1275 minstrel?a1300 bard1623 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Bardes, ancient Poets. 1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music iv. 41 After a certain Period of Civilization, the complex Character of Legislator and Bard would separate. 1774 T. Warton Hist. Eng. Poetry I. Diss. i. sig. e^v Various Islandic odes..which were sung by the Scandinavian bards. 1854 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity II. iv. iv. 99 A Teutonic literature has begun; the German bards have become Christian poets. 4. poetic. A lyric or epic poet, a ‘singer’; a poet generally. [Chiefly after Lucan; quot. 1627 at sense 1 ] ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poet > [noun] versifierc1340 poeta1382 metrera1387 sayer?a1400 makerc1460 metrician?a1475 metrist?1545 singer1560 swannetc1560 songster1584 muse1596 Castalianist1607 metre-maker1611 versificator1611 swan1613 versemaker1647 verseman1652 Parnassian1658 bard1667 factist1676 poetic1687 minstrel1718 shaper1816 a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iii. ii. 16 Hoo, Hearts, Tongues, Figure, Scribes, Bards, Poets, cannot Thinke speake, cast, write, sing, number: hoo, His loue to Anthony. View more context for this quotation] 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 34 That wilde Rout that tore the Thracian Bard In Rhodope. View more context for this quotation 1712 A. Pope Messiah in Spectator No. 349 The SAVIOR comes! by ancient Bards foretold. 1769 D. Garrick Song in Wks. (1785) II. 427 For the bard of all bards was a Warwickshire Bard. 1809 Ld. Byron (title) English Bards and Scotch Reviewers. 1840 A. Cunningham in Burns Wks. 154/2 The character of the Ayr-shire bard. 1881 (title) The Bard of Avon Birthday Text-book compiled from Shakespeare's Plays and Poems. Compounds bard-craft; bard-like adj. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poet > [adjective] > belonging to or befitting poet(s) poetical?a1425 poetic1490 poetlyc1500 bard-like1763 society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > [noun] > art or practice of poetry poesyc1390 makinga1393 rhymingc1405 metringc1425 metrificationc1450 versifyingc1450 rhythming1582 poetrya1586 versinga1586 metredom1592 versification1603 the gay science1693 versemanship1762 rhymery1822 bard-craft1840 poeticism1847 poetism1848 poetics1851 poetics1851 1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music ix. 168 The first great Bard-like Character we meet with [in China] is Confucius. 1808 W. Scott Marmion i. Introd. 14 The keener rush of blood, That throbs through bard in bard-like mood. 1820 T. Mitchell tr. Aristophanes Knights in tr. Aristophanes Comedies I. 205 Ye verse-smiths and bard-mechanicians. 1840 R. Browning Sordello ii. 312 Forswearing bard-craft. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). bardn.² Forms: Also Middle English–1600s barde. Etymology: < French barde horse-armour, also ‘a long saddle for an ass or mule of canvas’ (Cotgrave); compare Italian barda horse-armour, also pack-saddle, and French bardelle pack-saddle. These, and the existence of a dialect French aubarde , seem to identify the word with Spanish albarda , Portuguese albarda pack-saddle, referred by Devic to Arabic al-bardaʿah , i.e. al the + bardaʿah ‘stuffed pack-saddle for ass or mule’ (Bocthor), ‘covering placed over the back of a beast to alleviate the pressure of a pack-saddle’ (Freytag). Whether the French sense ‘defensive armour for a horse’ arose out of this is doubtful. Diez has compared Old Norse bard the beak of a ship, barði a beaked ship, a ‘ram,’ also (poetic) a shield. See also barb n.² Obsolete exc. Historical. 1. (Usually plural) A protective covering for the breast and flanks of a war-horse, made of metal plates, or of leather set with metal spikes or bosses, but sometimes (e.g. in tournaments) merely ornamental, and made of velvet or other rich stuff. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for horse > [noun] trappera1400 habiliment1470 bard1520 bardingc1540 barb1566 cooperison1586 caparison1598 housing1698 barbing1799 the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > other cloths poitrel1490 bard1520 fore-cloth1526 bardingc1540 barb1566 pectoral1602 water-deck1721 rug1790 barbing1799 sweaters1828 quarter blanket1872 quarter cloth1894 peto1957 sweat rug1971 1520 Chron. Eng. vii. f. 82/2 Stedes..trapped with yron bardes. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 803/1 [The] bards of their horsses white veluet. 1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie iv. xv. 232 The Shafron, the Cranet, and the Barde. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Barbe The Barde is an Armour of Iron or Leather, wherewith the Neck, Breast, and Shoulders of the Horse are cover'd. 1830 G. P. R. James Darnley II. vi. 106 We shall find bards, if we want them. 2. plural. Armour composed of metal plates, formerly worn by men-at-arms. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [noun] > plate- or scale-armour platec1390 almain rivet1512 rivet1548 bards1551 plate armour1656 scale-armour1842 scale1853 1551 King Edward VI Jrnl. in Lit. Remains (1857) II. 375 Men of armes..some with sleves and hauf cotes, some with bards and staves. 1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 415/1 in Chron. I A Gentleman..trymly trapped with bardes of steele. 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. ix. 235 A compleate French man-at-armes, with all his bardes. 3. By confusion (or misprint) for barb n.¹ 4. ΚΠ 1653 Consid. Dissolving Court of Chancery 24 To cure the Mallender, Farses, Trunchions, Bards..in a horse. Compounds bard-wise adv. as if with bards. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for horse > [adverb] bard-wise1587 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 801/2 The kings spare horsse trapped bard wise, with harnesse brodred with bullion gold. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). bardn.³ Brit. /bɑːd/, U.S. /bɑrd/ Etymology: < French barde, in same sense, transferred from the armour barde ; see bard n.² A thin slice of bacon used to cover a fowl, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > pork > [noun] > bacon > piece used for larding lardet1598 lardon1653 lardlet1659 bard1706 larding-bacon1884 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) at Menehout A peculiar manner of baking Meat, cover'd with Bards, or thin Slices of Bacon, in an Oven between two Fires. 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Neats Tongue Bards or thin Slices of Bacon..Having covered the Tongues with other Beef-Stakes and Bacon Bards. 1736 N. Bailey Dict. Domesticum Bards, broad slices of Bacon, with which pullets, capons, etc...are sometimes covered before they are roasted. 1960 Times 1 Aug. 9/3 Barding. Covering with thin slices of fat bacon or pork (bards), poultry, game or meat that is deficient in natural fat and is to be either oven or pot roasted. Bards are also used to line..a terrine. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † bardadj. Etymology: short for barded adj.; perhaps influenced by barred adj. Obsolete. = barded adj., barbed adj.² ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for horse > [adjective] hilledc1330 barbed1509 barded1535 bard1581 barred1612 society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [adjective] > clad in or protected by armour > clad in plate-armour barded1535 bard1581 plated1671 the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [adjective] > covered with other cloths barbed1509 barded1535 bard1581 1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline ii. 127 The armed men, as well bard as light. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xvi. x. 63 On bard horses [cataphracti equites]..harnessed all over with good corselets, and bard about [cincti] with guards of steele. 1627 M. Drayton Battaile Agincourt 8 Rich Saddles for the Light-horse and the Bard. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online March 2021). bardv.¹ Brit. /bɑːd/, U.S. /bɑrd/ Forms: Also 1500s baird, bayrd. Etymology: < French barde-r (15th cent.), < barde bard n.², bard n.³ 1. To arm or caparison (a horse or man) with bards. (Chiefly in past participle: cf. barded adj.) ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for horse > armour horse [verb (transitive)] wry1297 barda1521 cooperize1586 the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [verb (transitive)] > fit horse armour peytralc1400 barda1521 a1521 Helyas in W. J. Thoms Early Eng. Prose Romances (1858) III. 83 A good and mighty courser well barded and trapped. 1629 P. Holland tr. Xenophon Cyrupædia (1632) 71 To unloose the horses..to bridle them..also to bard them. 1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel i. xxix. 28 Scarce half the charger's neck was seen; For he was barded from counter to tail. 1845 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 58 775 The gallant bay charger barded with steel. 2. To cover (a fowl, etc.) with slices of bacon. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of meat > dress animals for food [verb (transitive)] > insert fat bacon lardc1330 enarma1475 interlarda1533 bard1655 marble1803 piqué1846 piquer1865 1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. vi. 42 Whether roast meat be best..larded, barded, scorch'd or basted. 1884 Phillis Browne in Girl's Own P. June 491/2 Cooks who are afraid to lard the breasts of game or poultry frequently content themselves with barding the same. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † bardv.² Etymology: apparently due to confusion of barb v. and beard v. Obsolete. To clip; = barb v. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing wool > treat or process wool [verb (transitive)] > clip forcec1440 barb1483 bard1641 1641 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) f. 61 To bard or beard wooll, is to cut the head and neck from the other part of the Fleece. 1693 W. Robertson Phraseologia Generalis (new ed.) 207 To Bard, or beard wool, extremitates vellerum tondere. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.¹1449n.²1520n.³1706adj.1581v.¹a1521v.²1641
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