ophthalmian.

Brit.

/ɒfˈθalmɪə/,

/ɒpˈθalmɪə/, U.S.

/ɑpˈθælmiə/,

/ɑfˈθælmiə/

Forms: Middle English obtalma, Middle English obtalmya, Middle English obtolmea, Middle English obtolmia, Middle English obtolmya, Middle English–1500s obtalmia, 1500s ophtalma, 1500s ophtalmia, 1500s optalmia, 1500s– ophthalmia, 1700s– opthalmia (now irregular).

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin ophthalmia.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin ophthalmia (also obtalmia ) inflammation of the eye (6th cent. in Boethius and translations of Greek medical writers; from 13th cent. in British sources) < ancient Greek ὀϕθαλμία < ὀϕθαλμός eye (see ophthalmo- comb. form) + -ία -ia suffix¹. Compare Italian oftalmia (a1533; 14th cent. as ottalmia ). Compare ophthalmy n.

Medicine.

1. Inflammation of the eye; (in early use) esp. conjunctivitis.Now chiefly in sympathetic ophthalmia (see sympathetic adj. 1c), and in ophthalmia neonatorum n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [noun] > conjunctivitis or ophthalmitis

ophthalmiaa1398

ophthalmy?a1425

ophthalmic?c1425

chemosis1565

ophthalmitis1822

conjunctivitis1835

panophthalmitis1842

syndesmitis1848

panophthalmia1890

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 84 A rewme renneþ to þe yȝen, & þerof comeþ an yuel þat hatte obtalmia, a shrewed blereynes & ache.

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 242 (MED) Þere ben iij maners of obtalmia [L. obtalmie]: as liȝt, & strenger, & alþer strong.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 37 (MED) Obtalmia is a propre aposteme of þe eie. Wherfor obtalmia is seyde a flegmon of þe membrane innati, i. coniunctyue..And it is passion of þe selfe coniu[n]ctiue by it selfe. It is sikenez of þe eie forsoþ after accidentz.

c1450 in W. R. Dawson Leechbk. (1934) 160 (MED) The iij is sett the colrye of tutye, & they of monpellers vse it in the last ende obtalma, for it resoluyth and dryeth stronge humyditees that fallith in the eyȝen.

a1500 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Wellcome) f. 32^v (MED) In þe gret and grettest obtolmya, good is blode lettyng of the hede veyne.

?1541 R. Copland Formularie of Helpes of Woundes & Sores in Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens sig. Yj^v Thyrdly is admynystred colirium de thutia..in the ende of optalmia.

1562 W. Bullein Bk. Simples f. 2, in Bulwarke of Defence Ophthalmia..is a sicknes of the eye.

1597 P. Lowe Whole Course Chirurg. v. iii. sig. M2 Ophthalmia is an inflammation of the whole eye, but chiefly of the membraine called coniunctiue.

1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 59 When [the eyes] are preternaturally distended in an Ophthalmia, and so grow turgent and conspicuous.

1749 Philos. Trans. 1748 (Royal Soc.) 45 414 It oft-times happens to those who have had a severe Ophthalmia, that, during Life, the small Vessels are too weak; and hence, from slight Causes being distended, they will be painful, and frequently red.

1794 E. Darwin Zoonomia I. 25 Light is as intolerable in this kind of ophthalmia, as pressure is to the finger in the paronychia.

1821 P. B. Shelley Let. 21 Mar. (1964) II. 276 I have had a severe ophthalmia.

1878 R. B. Smith Carthage 225 Hannibal, himself tortured with ophthalmia, rode on the one elephant which had survived the last year's campaign.

1908 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 38 402 When this spirit blows his dart in the eye of a human being, the result is ophthalmia, or other eye disease.

1938 Science 19 Aug. 172/1 An ophthalmia of transitory nature was noted in some of the mildly affected lambs.

1988 M. Forster Elizabeth Barrett Browning iii. 40 Blindness had not begun to threaten him until he was around thirty when he developed acute ophthalmia.

2002 Indian Jrnl. Ophthalmol. 50 183 Enucleation was performed for relief of symptoms..or for cosmesis, and in an eye inciting sympathetic ophthalmia.

†2. figurative. Disordered mental perception. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > misjudgement > [noun] > disordered mental perception

ophthalmia1834

1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. vii, in Fraser's Mag. Mar. 312/1 Mechanical Profit-and-Loss Philosophies, with the sick ophthalmia and hallucination they had brought on.

1883 E. J. Moeran in Time No. 53. 215 A temporary attack of mental ophthalmia.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ophthalmia
释义	ophthalmian. Brit. /ɒfˈθalmɪə/, /ɒpˈθalmɪə/, U.S. /ɑpˈθælmiə/, /ɑfˈθælmiə/ Forms: Middle English obtalma, Middle English obtalmya, Middle English obtolmea, Middle English obtolmia, Middle English obtolmya, Middle English–1500s obtalmia, 1500s ophtalma, 1500s ophtalmia, 1500s optalmia, 1500s– ophthalmia, 1700s– opthalmia (now irregular). Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin ophthalmia. Etymology: < post-classical Latin ophthalmia (also obtalmia ) inflammation of the eye (6th cent. in Boethius and translations of Greek medical writers; from 13th cent. in British sources) < ancient Greek ὀϕθαλμία < ὀϕθαλμός eye (see ophthalmo- comb. form) + -ία -ia suffix¹. Compare Italian oftalmia (a1533; 14th cent. as ottalmia ). Compare ophthalmy n. Medicine. 1. Inflammation of the eye; (in early use) esp. conjunctivitis.Now chiefly in sympathetic ophthalmia (see sympathetic adj. 1c), and in ophthalmia neonatorum n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [noun] > conjunctivitis or ophthalmitis ophthalmiaa1398 ophthalmy?a1425 ophthalmic?c1425 chemosis1565 ophthalmitis1822 conjunctivitis1835 panophthalmitis1842 syndesmitis1848 panophthalmia1890 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 84 A rewme renneþ to þe yȝen, & þerof comeþ an yuel þat hatte obtalmia, a shrewed blereynes & ache. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 242 (MED) Þere ben iij maners of obtalmia [L. obtalmie]: as liȝt, & strenger, & alþer strong. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 37 (MED) Obtalmia is a propre aposteme of þe eie. Wherfor obtalmia is seyde a flegmon of þe membrane innati, i. coniunctyue..And it is passion of þe selfe coniu[n]ctiue by it selfe. It is sikenez of þe eie forsoþ after accidentz. c1450 in W. R. Dawson Leechbk. (1934) 160 (MED) The iij is sett the colrye of tutye, & they of monpellers vse it in the last ende obtalma, for it resoluyth and dryeth stronge humyditees that fallith in the eyȝen. a1500 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Wellcome) f. 32^v (MED) In þe gret and grettest obtolmya, good is blode lettyng of the hede veyne. ?1541 R. Copland Formularie of Helpes of Woundes & Sores in Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens sig. Yj^v Thyrdly is admynystred colirium de thutia..in the ende of optalmia. 1562 W. Bullein Bk. Simples f. 2, in Bulwarke of Defence Ophthalmia..is a sicknes of the eye. 1597 P. Lowe Whole Course Chirurg. v. iii. sig. M2 Ophthalmia is an inflammation of the whole eye, but chiefly of the membraine called coniunctiue. 1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 59 When [the eyes] are preternaturally distended in an Ophthalmia, and so grow turgent and conspicuous. 1749 Philos. Trans. 1748 (Royal Soc.) 45 414 It oft-times happens to those who have had a severe Ophthalmia, that, during Life, the small Vessels are too weak; and hence, from slight Causes being distended, they will be painful, and frequently red. 1794 E. Darwin Zoonomia I. 25 Light is as intolerable in this kind of ophthalmia, as pressure is to the finger in the paronychia. 1821 P. B. Shelley Let. 21 Mar. (1964) II. 276 I have had a severe ophthalmia. 1878 R. B. Smith Carthage 225 Hannibal, himself tortured with ophthalmia, rode on the one elephant which had survived the last year's campaign. 1908 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 38 402 When this spirit blows his dart in the eye of a human being, the result is ophthalmia, or other eye disease. 1938 Science 19 Aug. 172/1 An ophthalmia of transitory nature was noted in some of the mildly affected lambs. 1988 M. Forster Elizabeth Barrett Browning iii. 40 Blindness had not begun to threaten him until he was around thirty when he developed acute ophthalmia. 2002 Indian Jrnl. Ophthalmol. 50 183 Enucleation was performed for relief of symptoms..or for cosmesis, and in an eye inciting sympathetic ophthalmia. †2. figurative. Disordered mental perception. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > misjudgement > [noun] > disordered mental perception ophthalmia1834 1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. vii, in Fraser's Mag. Mar. 312/1 Mechanical Profit-and-Loss Philosophies, with the sick ophthalmia and hallucination they had brought on. 1883 E. J. Moeran in Time No. 53. 215 A temporary attack of mental ophthalmia. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1398
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