operationaladj.

Brit.

/ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn̩(ə)l/,

/ˌɒpəˈreɪʃən(ə)l/, U.S.

/ˌɑpəˈreɪʃən(ə)l/,

/ˌɑpəˈreɪʃn(ə)l/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: operation n., -al suffix¹.

Etymology: < operation n. + -al suffix¹. In sense 4 apparently after French opératoire (J. Piaget, 1949 or earlier).

1. Mathematics, Logic, and Computing. Of, involving, or employing mathematical operators or logical operations.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > algebra > [adjective] > employing operators

operational1885

1885 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 7 191 The forms of Boolian algebra hitherto used, have either two operational signs and a special sign of negation, or three operational signs.

1927 H. Jeffreys (title) Operational methods in mathematical physics.

1973 L. E. Edwards PL/1 for Business Applic. ii. 55 An expression may consist of a single variable or a single constant or a combination of these using operators, and is then referred to as an operational expression.

2001 Bull. Symbolic Logic 7 223 It is useful to define the operational semantics of a language as a transition relation between states of an abstract machine.

2. Philosophy. Of, relating to, or in accordance with operationalism.

ΚΠ

1921 Jrnl. Philos. 18 507 Omitting from consideration the development of logic, as a purely abstract system, by the ‘operational’ instead of the ‘postulatory’ method.

1955 A. Huxley Genius & Goddess 21 ‘Wouldn't he have lived to eighty-seven without the pills?’..‘We can never know how his self-medication was related to his longevity. And where there's no possible operational answer, there's no conceivable sense in the question.’

1990 E. Harth Dawn of Millennium (1991) viii. 126 Operational approach: a quantity or object is defined by the operations we have to perform to ascertain it.

a. More generally: of or relating to operation or operations; (Military) engaged in or connected with active (military) operations, as distinct from being under training, in reserve, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > [adjective]

operational1922

society > armed hostility > military operations > [adjective]

operational1922

operation1938

1922 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 212 The development of..air communications..ensuring the maintenance of a large and flourishing constructional and operational aircraft industry.

1928 C. F. S. Gamble Story N. Sea Air Station x. 146 They were placed in various groups for disciplinary and operational purposes.

1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio 246 The soundproof room equipped with control desk, gramophone and tape reproducers and high quality loudspeaker, which is occupied by production and operational staff.

1974 M. Babson Stalking Lamb ii. xvii. 127 He intended to make the mews house his operational headquarters... It would be safe, quiet, unsuspected.

1989 Times Lit. Suppl. 9 June 631/2 The KGB..was..anxious to prevent Zakharov..from revealing operational secrets.

b. In a condition of readiness to perform some intended (originally military) function; able and ready to function. Also in weakened sense: working, in use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > [adjective] > in operational condition

going1523

functional1892

operational1944

go1961

society > armed hostility > military operations > [adjective] > ready for

operational1944

1944 H. St. G. Saunders Per Ardua xvii. 270 Only the Martinsyde F.4, not then operational, was superior to them.

1963 R. M. Hare Freedom & Reason iii. 46 We are to make morality again (as the military writers say) ‘operational’.

1971 I. Murdoch Accidental Man 6 Only his protestant conscience, like a huge primitive clumsy processing machine, obsolete yet still operational, continued to give him trouble.

1992 A. McConnell Quantum Leap ii. 27 A line of lights showed how the ride would gleam and glitter when it became operational.

4. Psychology. Of or relating to mental operations (operation n. 9b).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > developmental psychology > logical mental activity > [adjective]

operational1953

operationalizable1968

operatory1968

1953 W. Mays & F. Whitehead tr. J. Piaget Logic & Psychol. p. xviii The structures which emerge in the analysis of the operational mechanisms of thought.

1963 J. H. Flavell Devel. Psychol. J. Piaget v. 168 The operational systems of middle childhood have certain definable properties.

1975 M. D. Smith Educ. Psychol. ii. 40 When a learner becomes able to deal with things that are not actually present..and to relate images and memories to predict and control the future, then he is in the formal operational stage of thought.

1995 K. D. Browne & C. R. Hollin in C. Hollin Contemp. Psychol. v. 95 Adolescents are in a period of self-questioning..at a time when they have just established their competence in formal operational mental reasoning.

Compounds

operational area n. Military an area in which military operations are taking place; (South African) an area in which control of security is vested in the defence forces rather than the police force (now historical).

ΚΠ

1928 Times 16 Aug. 12/5 All aircraft have been ordered to clear the operational area.

1976 Times 4 Aug. 12/3 On the radio, request programmes for ‘troopies’ in the operational areas aim to keep spirits high.

2001 Navy News Sept. 4/2 The RN presence ashore has grown, with RN and RM personel playing an increasingly important role in all operational areas.

operational research n. a method of mathematically based analysis for providing a quantitative basis for management decisions (originally for military planning); abbreviated OR.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > research > [noun] > as basis of planning

operational research1941

operations research1943

1941 P. M. S. Blackett in Advancement of Sci. (1948) 5 27/1 The work of an Operational Research Section should be carried out at Command, Groups, Stations or Squadrons as circumstances dictate.

1964 J. M. Argyle Psychol. & Social Probl. xvi. 194 The kind of research done by social scientists working for organizations can be divided into trend analysis, operational research and experiments.

1993 G. A. Cole Managem.: Theory & Pract. (BNC) (ed. 4) Techniques have been devised by Operational Research scientists to enable organizations to work out the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) for individual stock items.

operational researcher n. a person skilled in the techniques of operational research.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > research > [noun] > as basis of planning > one who carries out

operational researcher1948

operations researcher1948

1948 Advancement of Sci. 4 320/1 The operational researcher was visualised as requiring dual ranges of knowledge; on the one hand a wide and fairly detailed knowledge of technical possibilities..; on the other..a close personal knowledge of the working conditions.

1994 R. Beaumont War, Chaos, & Hist. vii. 117 During the Vietnam War, an American operational researcher lamented the ‘lack of combat data, at least of the kind that can be analyzed in a systematic fashion’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	operational
释义	operationaladj. Brit. /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn̩(ə)l/, /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃən(ə)l/, U.S. /ˌɑpəˈreɪʃən(ə)l/, /ˌɑpəˈreɪʃn(ə)l/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: operation n., -al suffix¹. Etymology: < operation n. + -al suffix¹. In sense 4 apparently after French opératoire (J. Piaget, 1949 or earlier). 1. Mathematics, Logic, and Computing. Of, involving, or employing mathematical operators or logical operations. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > algebra > [adjective] > employing operators operational1885 1885 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 7 191 The forms of Boolian algebra hitherto used, have either two operational signs and a special sign of negation, or three operational signs. 1927 H. Jeffreys (title) Operational methods in mathematical physics. 1973 L. E. Edwards PL/1 for Business Applic. ii. 55 An expression may consist of a single variable or a single constant or a combination of these using operators, and is then referred to as an operational expression. 2001 Bull. Symbolic Logic 7 223 It is useful to define the operational semantics of a language as a transition relation between states of an abstract machine. 2. Philosophy. Of, relating to, or in accordance with operationalism. ΚΠ 1921 Jrnl. Philos. 18 507 Omitting from consideration the development of logic, as a purely abstract system, by the ‘operational’ instead of the ‘postulatory’ method. 1955 A. Huxley Genius & Goddess 21 ‘Wouldn't he have lived to eighty-seven without the pills?’..‘We can never know how his self-medication was related to his longevity. And where there's no possible operational answer, there's no conceivable sense in the question.’ 1990 E. Harth Dawn of Millennium (1991) viii. 126 Operational approach: a quantity or object is defined by the operations we have to perform to ascertain it. 3. a. More generally: of or relating to operation or operations; (Military) engaged in or connected with active (military) operations, as distinct from being under training, in reserve, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > [adjective] operational1922 society > armed hostility > military operations > [adjective] operational1922 operation1938 1922 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 212 The development of..air communications..ensuring the maintenance of a large and flourishing constructional and operational aircraft industry. 1928 C. F. S. Gamble Story N. Sea Air Station x. 146 They were placed in various groups for disciplinary and operational purposes. 1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio 246 The soundproof room equipped with control desk, gramophone and tape reproducers and high quality loudspeaker, which is occupied by production and operational staff. 1974 M. Babson Stalking Lamb ii. xvii. 127 He intended to make the mews house his operational headquarters... It would be safe, quiet, unsuspected. 1989 Times Lit. Suppl. 9 June 631/2 The KGB..was..anxious to prevent Zakharov..from revealing operational secrets. b. In a condition of readiness to perform some intended (originally military) function; able and ready to function. Also in weakened sense: working, in use. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > [adjective] > in operational condition going1523 functional1892 operational1944 go1961 society > armed hostility > military operations > [adjective] > ready for operational1944 1944 H. St. G. Saunders Per Ardua xvii. 270 Only the Martinsyde F.4, not then operational, was superior to them. 1963 R. M. Hare Freedom & Reason iii. 46 We are to make morality again (as the military writers say) ‘operational’. 1971 I. Murdoch Accidental Man 6 Only his protestant conscience, like a huge primitive clumsy processing machine, obsolete yet still operational, continued to give him trouble. 1992 A. McConnell Quantum Leap ii. 27 A line of lights showed how the ride would gleam and glitter when it became operational. 4. Psychology. Of or relating to mental operations (operation n. 9b). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > developmental psychology > logical mental activity > [adjective] operational1953 operationalizable1968 operatory1968 1953 W. Mays & F. Whitehead tr. J. Piaget Logic & Psychol. p. xviii The structures which emerge in the analysis of the operational mechanisms of thought. 1963 J. H. Flavell Devel. Psychol. J. Piaget v. 168 The operational systems of middle childhood have certain definable properties. 1975 M. D. Smith Educ. Psychol. ii. 40 When a learner becomes able to deal with things that are not actually present..and to relate images and memories to predict and control the future, then he is in the formal operational stage of thought. 1995 K. D. Browne & C. R. Hollin in C. Hollin Contemp. Psychol. v. 95 Adolescents are in a period of self-questioning..at a time when they have just established their competence in formal operational mental reasoning. Compounds operational area n. Military an area in which military operations are taking place; (South African) an area in which control of security is vested in the defence forces rather than the police force (now historical). ΚΠ 1928 Times 16 Aug. 12/5 All aircraft have been ordered to clear the operational area. 1976 Times 4 Aug. 12/3 On the radio, request programmes for ‘troopies’ in the operational areas aim to keep spirits high. 2001 Navy News Sept. 4/2 The RN presence ashore has grown, with RN and RM personel playing an increasingly important role in all operational areas. operational research n. a method of mathematically based analysis for providing a quantitative basis for management decisions (originally for military planning); abbreviated OR. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > research > [noun] > as basis of planning operational research1941 operations research1943 1941 P. M. S. Blackett in Advancement of Sci. (1948) 5 27/1 The work of an Operational Research Section should be carried out at Command, Groups, Stations or Squadrons as circumstances dictate. 1964 J. M. Argyle Psychol. & Social Probl. xvi. 194 The kind of research done by social scientists working for organizations can be divided into trend analysis, operational research and experiments. 1993 G. A. Cole Managem.: Theory & Pract. (BNC) (ed. 4) Techniques have been devised by Operational Research scientists to enable organizations to work out the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) for individual stock items. operational researcher n. a person skilled in the techniques of operational research. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > research > [noun] > as basis of planning > one who carries out operational researcher1948 operations researcher1948 1948 Advancement of Sci. 4 320/1 The operational researcher was visualised as requiring dual ranges of knowledge; on the one hand a wide and fairly detailed knowledge of technical possibilities..; on the other..a close personal knowledge of the working conditions. 1994 R. Beaumont War, Chaos, & Hist. vii. 117 During the Vietnam War, an American operational researcher lamented the ‘lack of combat data, at least of the kind that can be analyzed in a systematic fashion’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1885
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