onfalln.

Brit.

/ˈɒnfɔːl/, U.S.

/ˈɑnˌfɔl/,

/ˈɔnˌfɔl/,

/ˈɑnˌfɑl/

Forms: see on- prefix and fall n.²

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Dutch aenval (Dutch aanval ), Middle Low German anval , German Anfall < the Germanic base of on- prefix + the Germanic base of fall n.²; Old Swedish anfal (Swedish anfall ), Danish anfald are after Middle Low German. Compare oncome n.

1. An attack or onset of disease or other misfortune. In Old English perhaps: spec. †a swelling (obsolete). Now: spec. (Scottish) a sudden cold or fever.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > [noun] > bout or attack of

onfalleOE

cothec1000

bitc1175

accessc1300

attacha1400

shota1400

swalma1400

storm1540

excess?1541

accession1565

qualm1565

oncome1570

grasha1610

attachment1625

ingruence1635

turn1653

attack1665

fit1667

surprise1670

drow1727

tossa1732

irruption1732

sick1808

tout1808

whither1808

spell1856

go1867

whip1891

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > attack by some hostile or injurious agency

onfalleOE

oncomea1225

sailing13..

visitinga1382

siegec1385

assault1508

visitation1535

assaulting1548

onset1566

assailment1592

blow1594

insult1603

attempt1662

attack1665

offencea1677

seizure1881

eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. xxxix. 98 Her sint læcedomas wiþ ælces cynnes omum & onfeallum & bancoþum.

eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. xxxix. 104 Drenc wiþ onfealle wyl on ealað spring wyrt.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 5943 (MED) Ful yern on godd bi-gun þai call To liuer þe folk on þat on-fall.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 27738 Wreth it es a brath on-fall.

1808–18 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Onfall, a disease which attacks without any apparent cause.

c1830 Proc. Berwick Nat. Club (1916) 86 Many women when suckling their children are liable to ephemeral fevers, vulgarly called weeds and onfas.

1958 Trans. Hawick Archaeol. Soc. 25 Gey waff and like takin' an onfeh.

2. gen. An attack, assault, or onslaught. Also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > attack by hostile measures or words

bruntc1425

assaultc1449

battery1562

onset1566

brash1573

breach1578

onslaught1613

onfall1646

attack1653

assay?1705

to return to the charge1752

arietation1797

set-to1808

set1829

dead set1835

go-in1858

on-ding1871

hatchet work1938

blitzkrieg1939

blitz1940

carpet bombing1956

bowling1959

society > armed hostility > attack > [noun]

fiend-reseOE

frumresec1275

assault1297

sault1297

inracea1300

sailing13..

venuea1330

checkc1330

braid1340

affrayc1380

outrunningc1384

resinga1387

wara1387

riota1393

assailc1400

assayc1400

onset1423

rake?a1425

pursuitc1425

assemblinga1450

brunta1450

oncominga1450

assembly1487

envaya1500

oncomea1500

shovea1500

front1523

scry1523

attemptate1524

assaulting1548

push1565

brash1573

attempt1584

affront?1587

pulse1587

affret1590

saliaunce1590

invasion1591

assailment1592

insultation1596

aggressa1611

onslaught1613

source1616

confronta1626

impulsion1631

tentative1632

essaya1641

infall1645

attack1655

stroke1698

insult1710

coup de main1759

onfall1837

hurrah1841

beat-up of quarters1870

offensive1887

strafe1915

grand slam1916

hop-over1918

run1941

strike1942

1646 Perfect Occurr. Parl. No. 9 sig. I3 Col. Whalley is in a good forwardnesse there, and hath taken great care to secure his Foot, both from sallyes from within, and sudden on-fals from without.

1689 in W. H. L. Melville Leven & Melville Papers (1843) 38 It's not easy to prevent danger from them from night onfalles.

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. vii. iii. 350 Death, by starvation and military onfall.

1889 A. Conan Doyle Micah Clarke xxxii. 341 Who ever saw a camp so exposed to an onfall?

a1934 A. A. Bowman Sacramental Universe (1939) v. 209 The Arctic explorer, overcome by a snowstorm,..bends all his efforts to avert the onfall of complete unconsciousness.

1940 G. T. Hunt Wars of Iroquois 69 The war, such as it was, went on much as in the days of Champlain, by sudden onfall and skirmish, with few or no predetermined plans and no noteworthy results.

1979 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 291 242 The speed of onfall of the material on the stellar surface.

a. Scottish and English regional (northern). A fall of rain or snow; (occasionally) snowfall.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > [noun] > a or the fall of rain

wetec897

rainsOE

raindropc1400

wetc1440

onfall1803

rainfall1817

rainfall1855

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > snow > [noun] > a fall of snow

snowc825

onfall1803

snowfall1821

1803 G. Culley Let. 5 Mar. in M. Culley & G. Culley Farming Lett. (2006) 420 This day looks like onfall again.

1820 Edinb. Mag. & Literary Misc. Apr. 373 This onfall [of snow] was soon accompanied by a rapid and stupifying drift.

1821 Ayr Courier 1 Feb. (Jam.) The snow lay thick..but the on-fall had ceased.

1868 St. Andrews Gaz. 13 June in Sc. National Dict. VI. 476/3 There were at times a cloudy sky and indications of a heavy onfall, but these appear to have been what farmers know as a feeding of the drought.

1910 C. Fraser Glengonnar 11 There were ither signs forebodin' an on-fa' o' the dreided snaw.

1923 G. Watson Roxburghshire Word-bk. 76 This onfa' o snaw'll make the birds caif.

b. Scottish. Nightfall, twilight.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > day and night > day or daytime > evening > [noun] > twilight, dusk, or nightfall

nighteOE

evengloamOE

eveningOE

gloamingc1000

darknessa1382

twilighting1387

crepusculum1398

crepusculec1400

darkc1400

twilight1412

sky1515

twinlightc1532

day-going?1552

cockshut1592

shutting1598

blind man's holiday1599

candle-lighting1605

gropsing1606

nightfall1612

dusk1622

torchlighta1656

candlelight1663

crepuscle1665

shut1667

mock-shade1669

close1696

duskish1696

glooma1699

setting1699

dimmit1746

to-fall of the day or night1748

darklins1767

even-close1781

mirkning1790

gloaming-shot1793

darkening1814

bat-flying time1818

gloama1821

between-light1821

settle1822

dayfall1823

evenfall1825

onfall1825

owl-hoot1832

glooming1842

darkfall1884

smokefall1936

dusk-light1937

1825 Old Song (Jam.) But or the onfa' o' the nicht, She fand him drown'd in Yarrow.

1897 E. W. Hamilton Outlaws of Marches xi They winna mak' their set till the onfa' o' the nicht.

1923 G. Watson Roxburghshire Word-bk. 224 The onfa' o' the nicht.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	onfall
释义	onfalln. Brit. /ˈɒnfɔːl/, U.S. /ˈɑnˌfɔl/, /ˈɔnˌfɔl/, /ˈɑnˌfɑl/ Forms: see on- prefix and fall n.² Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Dutch aenval (Dutch aanval ), Middle Low German anval , German Anfall < the Germanic base of on- prefix + the Germanic base of fall n.²; Old Swedish anfal (Swedish anfall ), Danish anfald are after Middle Low German. Compare oncome n. 1. An attack or onset of disease or other misfortune. In Old English perhaps: spec. †a swelling (obsolete). Now: spec. (Scottish) a sudden cold or fever. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > [noun] > bout or attack of onfalleOE cothec1000 bitc1175 accessc1300 attacha1400 shota1400 swalma1400 storm1540 excess?1541 accession1565 qualm1565 oncome1570 grasha1610 attachment1625 ingruence1635 turn1653 attack1665 fit1667 surprise1670 drow1727 tossa1732 irruption1732 sick1808 tout1808 whither1808 spell1856 go1867 whip1891 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > attack by some hostile or injurious agency onfalleOE oncomea1225 sailing13.. visitinga1382 siegec1385 assault1508 visitation1535 assaulting1548 onset1566 assailment1592 blow1594 insult1603 attempt1662 attack1665 offencea1677 seizure1881 eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. xxxix. 98 Her sint læcedomas wiþ ælces cynnes omum & onfeallum & bancoþum. eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. xxxix. 104 Drenc wiþ onfealle wyl on ealað spring wyrt. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 5943 (MED) Ful yern on godd bi-gun þai call To liuer þe folk on þat on-fall. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 27738 Wreth it es a brath on-fall. 1808–18 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Onfall, a disease which attacks without any apparent cause. c1830 Proc. Berwick Nat. Club (1916) 86 Many women when suckling their children are liable to ephemeral fevers, vulgarly called weeds and onfas. 1958 Trans. Hawick Archaeol. Soc. 25 Gey waff and like takin' an onfeh. 2. gen. An attack, assault, or onslaught. Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > attack by hostile measures or words bruntc1425 assaultc1449 battery1562 onset1566 brash1573 breach1578 onslaught1613 onfall1646 attack1653 assay?1705 to return to the charge1752 arietation1797 set-to1808 set1829 dead set1835 go-in1858 on-ding1871 hatchet work1938 blitzkrieg1939 blitz1940 carpet bombing1956 bowling1959 society > armed hostility > attack > [noun] fiend-reseOE frumresec1275 assault1297 sault1297 inracea1300 sailing13.. venuea1330 checkc1330 braid1340 affrayc1380 outrunningc1384 resinga1387 wara1387 riota1393 assailc1400 assayc1400 onset1423 rake?a1425 pursuitc1425 assemblinga1450 brunta1450 oncominga1450 assembly1487 envaya1500 oncomea1500 shovea1500 front1523 scry1523 attemptate1524 assaulting1548 push1565 brash1573 attempt1584 affront?1587 pulse1587 affret1590 saliaunce1590 invasion1591 assailment1592 insultation1596 aggressa1611 onslaught1613 source1616 confronta1626 impulsion1631 tentative1632 essaya1641 infall1645 attack1655 stroke1698 insult1710 coup de main1759 onfall1837 hurrah1841 beat-up of quarters1870 offensive1887 strafe1915 grand slam1916 hop-over1918 run1941 strike1942 1646 Perfect Occurr. Parl. No. 9 sig. I3 Col. Whalley is in a good forwardnesse there, and hath taken great care to secure his Foot, both from sallyes from within, and sudden on-fals from without. 1689 in W. H. L. Melville Leven & Melville Papers (1843) 38 It's not easy to prevent danger from them from night onfalles. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. vii. iii. 350 Death, by starvation and military onfall. 1889 A. Conan Doyle Micah Clarke xxxii. 341 Who ever saw a camp so exposed to an onfall? a1934 A. A. Bowman Sacramental Universe (1939) v. 209 The Arctic explorer, overcome by a snowstorm,..bends all his efforts to avert the onfall of complete unconsciousness. 1940 G. T. Hunt Wars of Iroquois 69 The war, such as it was, went on much as in the days of Champlain, by sudden onfall and skirmish, with few or no predetermined plans and no noteworthy results. 1979 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 291 242 The speed of onfall of the material on the stellar surface. 3. a. Scottish and English regional (northern). A fall of rain or snow; (occasionally) snowfall. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > [noun] > a or the fall of rain wetec897 rainsOE raindropc1400 wetc1440 onfall1803 rainfall1817 rainfall1855 the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > snow > [noun] > a fall of snow snowc825 onfall1803 snowfall1821 1803 G. Culley Let. 5 Mar. in M. Culley & G. Culley Farming Lett. (2006) 420 This day looks like onfall again. 1820 Edinb. Mag. & Literary Misc. Apr. 373 This onfall [of snow] was soon accompanied by a rapid and stupifying drift. 1821 Ayr Courier 1 Feb. (Jam.) The snow lay thick..but the on-fall had ceased. 1868 St. Andrews Gaz. 13 June in Sc. National Dict. VI. 476/3 There were at times a cloudy sky and indications of a heavy onfall, but these appear to have been what farmers know as a feeding of the drought. 1910 C. Fraser Glengonnar 11 There were ither signs forebodin' an on-fa' o' the dreided snaw. 1923 G. Watson Roxburghshire Word-bk. 76 This onfa' o snaw'll make the birds caif. b. Scottish. Nightfall, twilight. ΘΚΠ the world > time > day and night > day or daytime > evening > [noun] > twilight, dusk, or nightfall nighteOE evengloamOE eveningOE gloamingc1000 darknessa1382 twilighting1387 crepusculum1398 crepusculec1400 darkc1400 twilight1412 sky1515 twinlightc1532 day-going?1552 cockshut1592 shutting1598 blind man's holiday1599 candle-lighting1605 gropsing1606 nightfall1612 dusk1622 torchlighta1656 candlelight1663 crepuscle1665 shut1667 mock-shade1669 close1696 duskish1696 glooma1699 setting1699 dimmit1746 to-fall of the day or night1748 darklins1767 even-close1781 mirkning1790 gloaming-shot1793 darkening1814 bat-flying time1818 gloama1821 between-light1821 settle1822 dayfall1823 evenfall1825 onfall1825 owl-hoot1832 glooming1842 darkfall1884 smokefall1936 dusk-light1937 1825 Old Song (Jam.) But or the onfa' o' the nicht, She fand him drown'd in Yarrow. 1897 E. W. Hamilton Outlaws of Marches xi They winna mak' their set till the onfa' o' the nicht. 1923 G. Watson Roxburghshire Word-bk. 224 The onfa' o' the nicht. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.eOE
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