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单词 ob
释义

ob.n.1

Brit. /ɒb/, U.S. /ɑb/
Forms: Middle English–1600s ob, Middle English– ob. (with point); also Scottish pre-1700 obb.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin ob, obolus.
Etymology: < classical Latin ob (attested in papyri from the 2nd cent. a.d.), graphic abbreviation of obolus obolus n. Compare obol n.For use of post-classical Latin ob. in British sources compare:c1268 Inquisition Post Mortem (P.R.O.: C 132/36/2) m. 2 De quadam consuetudine que vocatur mucsiluer vj. s. iij. d. ob.1304 Rolls of Parl. I. 164/2 Ad petitionem Walteri de Besin petentis, quod Rex allocare velit xi li. xiiii s. xi d. ob. q.
Now historical.
A halfpenny (as a sum or a coin).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > English coins > [noun] > halfpenny
halfpennyc1330
ob.1389
galley-halfpenny1409
obolusc1450
make?1536
mail1570
meg?1738
mag?1775
tumbling tom1826
magpie1838
1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 27 (MED) Eueri brother and sistir offeryn an ob. wyth here candel and here to torches, in honor of god and oure lady and seynt Johan þe Babtis.
a1399 in W. G. Benham Oath Bk. Colchester (1907) 9 (MED) An herde or oyerman, for ech day, ob.
1442 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) I. 387 (MED) xvj Skaynys of grete packethrede..at ob a pec; in al viij d.
1463 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 30 Reseyve an ob..fore here offryng.
1491 in W. Kennedy Ann. Aberdeen (1818) II. 4 And thai be absent..sal pay i ob.
1553 Perth Guildry 7 Sept. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (1983) V. 1/2 That the vnce of fyne siluer salbe set to ix s. vj d. of the quhilk thair salbe gevin to the wardane j obb..and to the cunȝoure..ii d. j obb.
1581 Compendious Exam. Certayne Ordinary Complaints ii. f. 15v His capon at iiii. d. his Henne at i.d. ob.
1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 ii. v. 542 Item sacke two gallons. v.s,viij,d... Item bread. ob. O monstrous! but one halfepeniworth of bread to this intollerable deale of sack?
1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 238 The Hospitall of Saint Iames was..valued at the suppression to 32.l. 2.s. 1d. ob.
a1684 R. Pratt Note-bk. in R. T. Gunther Archit. Sir Roger Pratt (1928) v. 72 7d. ob per foot for the upper lights in the garrets.
1718 M. Hornigold in G. Eland Shardeloes Papers (1947) ii. 25 16 ob...skains gray twine..2 dozen metal coat buttons.
1845 J. Train Hist. & Statist. Acct. Isle of Man II. xvi The Ob...beare reference to the ancient coin called the Obulus.
1998 Re: Pounds-Shillings-Pence in soc.genealogy.britain (Usenet newsgroup) 13 Nov. If anyone has an older inventory or similar, they may find ob. meaning a halfpenny.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

obn.2

Brit. /ɒb/, U.S. /ɑb/
Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: objection n.
Etymology: Shortened < objection n. Compare sol n.4
Now historical.
An objection made in scholastic disputation. Chiefly in ob and sol n. (also obs and sols) scholastic disputation, subtle debate. Cf. ob-and-soller n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > reason, faculty of reasoning > misleading argument, sophistry > excessive subtlety, hair-splitting > [noun]
subtilitya1425
subtilty1569
niceness1580
ob1588
curiosity1605
ergotism1656
refinery1746
over-subtlety1833
ergoism1864
subtileness1867
pilpul1894
1588 ‘M. Marprelate’ Oh read ouer D. Iohn Bridges: Epist. 11 Very skilfull in the learning of ob and Sol.
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy iii. iv. i. iii. 754 A thousand idle questions, nice distinctions, Obs and Sols.
c1660 Loyal Songs (1731) II. 217 Whilst he should give us Sol's and Ob's, He brings us in some simple bobs.
1943 R. Graves Story Marie Powell xi. 134 When that which is possible can..be demonstrated to be..the single inescapable Sol of diverse difficult Obs, how shall we deny it to be very truth?
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

obn.3

Origin: A borrowing from Hebrew. Etymon: Hebrew 'ōḇ.
Etymology: < Hebrew 'ōḇ necromancer, sorcerer.In quot. with allusion to Isaiah 8:19; compare:1611 Bible (King James) Isaiah viii. 19 Seeke vnto them that haue familiar spirits, and vnto wizards that peepe and that mutter.
Obsolete. rare.
A wizard or magician; a sorcerer.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > sorcerer or magician > [noun]
wielerOE
jugglera1100
wielea1350
magicianc1375
sorcerc1400
warlockc1400
mage?a1425
sorcerer1526
witch-mana1538
wizarda1557
wise man1562
cunning man1594
man-witch1601
wonder-master1603
sorcerist1624
talisman1646
ob1659
fascinator1677
varlet1701
Magian1716
brujo1758
mediciner1845
bomoh1851
pellar1865
trollman1865
baloi1871
magic-man1905
Wiccan1971
1659 J. Gauden Ἱερα Δακρυα iii. xxii. 336 They peep and mutter, like Obs and Pythons, whispering as out of the earth and their bellies..more dubiously than the Oracles of Apollo.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online September 2019).

obn.4

Brit. /ɒb/, U.S. /ɑb/
Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: obit n.1
Etymology: Shortened < obit n.1
Winchester College slang.
= obit n.1 2a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > obsequies > commemorative ceremonies > [noun] > religious or mass
memory?c1225
soul massc1300
minda1325
requiem1389
obit1394
minninga1400
requiem massa1529
memorial service1858
ob1890
black mass1900
1890 A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang II. 93/1 Ob (Winchester College), for obit.
1969 C. Stevens Notions (Winchester College) (typescript) Founder's Com and Ob, four days in the year set apart for commemorating the Founder, and the anniversary of his death.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

obn.5

Brit. /ɒb/, U.S. /ɑb/
Forms: also with capital initial.
Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: obese n.
Etymology: Symbolic abbreviation for obese n. (compare sense 2 s.v.), originally denoting a mutant allele of the gene.
Genetics.
The obese gene (cf. obese adj. 2). Frequently attributive.Usually italicized in technical sources.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > gene > types of gene
sex determinant1902
sex determiner1909
inhibitor1911
multiple factor1912
modifier1915
autosomal dominant1919
autosomal recessive1919
scute1923
gene1925
suppressor1928
rate gene1932
dominigene1938
buffer1939
polygene1941
switch gene1942
mutator1943
oligogene1943
sickle cell gene1946
supergene1949
ob1950
obese1950
regulator1960
regulator gene1960
regulatory gene1960
enhancer1967
oncogene1969
virogene1969
hedgehog1980
1950 A. M. Ingalls et al. in Jrnl. Heredity 41 318/2 Obese animals, themselves, are sterile... This approximates the 3 to 1 ratio expected for a recessive gene... It is suggested that this gene be designated by the symbol ob.
1973 Diabetologia 9 287 (title) The influence of genetic background on the expression of the obese (Ob) gene in the mouse.
1994 Nature 1 Dec. 425/1 ob is a single gene mutation that results in profound obesity and type II diabetes as part of a syndrome that resembles morbid obesity in humans.]
1995 Daily Times (Salisbury, Maryland) 10 Aug. 1/2 While a mutant version of the ob gene clearly causes obesity in a strain of inbred mice, no defect in that gene has been found so far in overweight people.
1999 Guardian 11 May ii. 14/2 Rats with the ob gene knocked out had no leptin and got very fat.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

ob.v.

Brit. /ɒb/, U.S. /ɑb/
Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: Latin obiit.
Etymology: Shortened < classical Latin obiit, 3rd singular perfect indicative of obīre to die (see obit n.1).
intransitive. Placed before the date of a person's death (past tense): died.
ΚΠ
1809 in J. Duncombe Fishing 5 Rev. John Duncombe, of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, Rector of Hearne, Kent, and St. Andrew, with St. Mary Bredman, Canterbury. Ob. Jan. 19, 1786, æt. 56.
1886 Dict. National Biogr. at Carew, Sir Edmund Their issue was four sons and four daughters. The former were: William,..Thomas,..George,..and Gawen, ob. 1583.
1952 D. Balsdon Freshman's Folly iii. 141 The highly complexioned countenance of the Reverend Nathaniel Blunt, S.T.P., ob. 1782.
1978 C. Jones et al. Study of Liturgy ii. i. vii. 57 The Apostolic Tradition, ascribed by many scholars to Hippolytus, the schismatic bishop of Rome (ob. a.d. 236, 237?).
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

obprep.

Brit. /ɒb/, U.S. /ɑb/
Forms: 1800s– ob, 1900s– ub.
Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: of prep.
Etymology: Representing a regional (African-American) pronunciation of of prep.
U.S. regional (chiefly in representations of African-American usage).
= of prep.
ΚΠ
1839 Bentley's Misc. 6 263 He said de Queen ob Sheba wab a dark lady, may be bery dark.
1845 E. A. Poe Gold-bug in Tales 14 Why taint noffin but a skull—somebdy bin lef him head up de tree, and de crows done gobble ebery bit ob de meat off.
1846 Negro Singer's Own Bk. 29 I tell you ob a scrape I had wid a gal.
1851 S. C. Foster Ring de Banjo (song) 4 Den come again, Susanna, By de gas-light ob de moon; We'll tum de old piano When de banjo's out ob tune.
1893 K. Mackay Out Back (ed. 2) iii. viii. 288 ‘Any fella longa tribe ob my sister, Queen Victoria, friend longa mine,’ replied the black-fellow.
1950 R. Ames in A. Dundes Mother Wit (1973) 492/2 In de fork ob de branch.
1974 R. B. Parker Godwulf Manuscript vii. 55 Ah is a member ob de press, baby.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

> see also

also refers to : ob-prefix

> as lemmas

OB
OB n. (variously) obstetrics; obstetric; obstetrician.
ΚΠ
1944 W. A. N. Dorland & E. C. L. Miller Med. Dict. (ed. 20) 1005/1 O.B., abbreviation for obstetrics.
1967 Boston Globe 21 May 9/4 A two hour wait in the OB's office.
1992 Amer. Jrnl. Nursing 92 No. 10. 54/2 Rizdon..works per diem in OB and newborn nursery.
extracted from On.1
OB
OB n. Military order of battle.
ΚΠ
1946 S. Chandler & R. W. Robb Front-line Intelligence xii. 137 O/B (Order of Battle) is a military science whose mission is to determine: (1) How strong the enemy is, [etc.].
1950 Tactics & Techniques Infantry (U.S.) II. ii. 312 The order of battle (OB) team.
1975 I. Melchior Sleeper Agent (1976) iii. 192 He'd sent him on to the Corps OB team, to see if there was anything in the latest Order of Battle book.
extracted from On.1
OB
OB n. (also O/B) South African (now historical) = Ossewa Brandwag n.
ΚΠ
1940 Forum (Johannesburg) 13 Oct. 19 Several new Afrikaans student organisations had sprung up as a result of a dislike of ‘the totally un-Afrikaans fuehrer principle’ introduced by the O.B.
1993 Sunday Times (Johannesburg) 11 July 17 That the OB succeeded in setting up a network of subversives across the length and breadth of South Africa is clear from Beecroft's reports.
extracted from On.1
OB
OB n. (also O/B, o/b) outboard; outboard motor.
Π
1946 E. F. Allen Allen's Dict. Abbrev. & Symbols 123 OB, outboard (shipfitting).
1984 Boating Industry (Nexis) Dec. 403 Runabouts sport boats OB and IO.
1998 Yachts & Yachting 21 Aug. 109/2 (advt.) Swift 18, 4 berth, trailer sailer, unsinkable, swing keel, trailer 5hp Yamaha o/b, electrics, VHF radio, GPS, echo, sprayhood, all in good condition.
extracted from On.1
OB
OB n. outside broadcast.
Π
1927 B.B.C. Handbk. 1928 143/1 Outside Broadcast Features... Every O.B. of the simplest..nature necessitates the provision of two complete telephone line circuits..between the site of the performance and the Station Control Room.
1971 R. Busby Deadlock xiii. 200 You'd think he was the bloody big white chief instead of an OB technician.
1996 H. Fielding Bridget Jones's Diary (1997) 214 OK, Bridget. OB crew outside Boots in the shopping centre, live at five thirty.
extracted from On.1
<
n.11389n.21588n.31659n.41890n.51950v.1809prep.1839
see also
as lemmas
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