obstructiveadj.n.

Brit.

/əbˈstrʌktɪv/, U.S.

/əbˈstrəktɪv/,

/ɑbˈstrəktɪv/

Forms: 1500s–1600s obstructiue, 1600s– obstructive.

Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French obstructif; Latin obstructivus.

Etymology: Either < Middle French, French obstructif causing obstruction (1539 in medical sense; < classical Latin obstruct- , past participial stem of obstruere (see obstruct v.) + French -if -ive suffix), or < post-classical Latin obstructivus that blocks passage to (13th cent. in a British source), causing obstruction (1529 in medical use in a French source; < classical Latin obstruct- , past participial stem of obstruere + -īvus -ive suffix).

A. adj.

1. Medicine. Causing obstruction of a body passage, esp. the gastrointestinal, urinary, biliary, or respiratory tract; caused or characterized by such obstruction.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > [adjective] > obstruction

oppilate?a1425

impedite1544

oppilated1577

obstructive1583

stuffed1584

stopped-up?1611

oppilating1620

obstructed1662

congestive1846

infarcted1889

1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke iv. iv. 179 Obstruction and abundance of obstructiue humours.

1620 T. Venner Via Recta v. 89 It..abstergeth obstructiue humours in the stomacke.

1670 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 5 2010 'Tis used..in those Diseases, in which are to be discharged by siege and Urine, hot, sharp, cholerick and obstructive humors.

1876 J. S. Bristowe Treat. Theory & Pract. Med. ii. iv. 492 Valvular defects may be of two kinds; they may be obstructive..; or they may be such as to admit of regurgitation.

1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. IV. 395 Obstructive suppression may forbid the exit of the urine..after it has been completely formed by the kidneys.

1949 J. L. Kantor & A. M. Kasich Handbk. Digestive Dis. (ed. 2) xvii. 415 The hepato~cellular and the obstructive forms of jaundice make up more than 95 per cent of the cases encountered in clinical practice.

1963 Science 30 Aug. 814/3 The development of techniques to visualize obstructive lesions of the renal arteries in hypertensive patients.

1984 Chest 85 59 Thirty-seven patients with dyspnea, clinical chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and abnormal pulmonary function tests demonstrating an obstructive airways pattern.

2003 N.Y. Times Mag. 2 Feb. 34/2 In the morning he remembers nothing of this ‘confusional arousal’ triggered by obstructive sleep apnea.

2. More generally: causing obstruction; constituting an obstruction; tending to obstruct. Frequently with of, to.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > [adjective]

hindering1390

catching?a1430

lettingc1430

lumpering1519

thorter1533

impedient1596

thortersome1606

obstructive1611

obstructing1649

impeditive1651

impeding1717

obstruent1749

hindersome1881

obstructionary1881

hindranceful1889

inhibitive1899

counterproductive1959

the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > [adjective] > stopping up or blocking

thorter1533

obturant1572

obstructive1611

occludent1851

obturating1884

occlusive1888

occluding1899

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Oppilatif, oppilatiue, obstructiue, stopping.

1649 G. Wither Opobalsamum Anglicanum 19/1 Who, have, by sitting long, Learn'd new contrivances, for doing wrong; And, such obstructive, and destructive waies, As were to us unknown in former daies.

c1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 204 The King..knowing how obstructiue it would proue to his purpose, sent for Bishop Blackburne.

1695 J. Miller Descr. New York (1843) 12 Things..either wanting or obstructive to the happiness of New York.

1713 H. Prideaux Direct. Church-wardens (ed. 3) 65 Nothing is to be permitted there, which shall be..obstructive of it [sc. divine service].

a1777 W. Dodd Thoughts in Prison (1793) 120 Draw aside That veil from reason's clear reflecting view, Which practice long, and rectitude suppos'd Of laws establish'd, hath obstructive hung.

1817 T. Jefferson Let. 14 May in Writings (1984) 1407 The last change of government was fortunate, inasmuch as the new will be less obstructive to the effects of that advancement.

1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt II. xxx. 227 This angry haste..might some day..be obstructive of his own work.

1926 E. Bowen Ann Lee's 53 These shadows became distinct and powerful, obstructive.

1970 H. Braun Parish Churches xix. 228 During the last fifty years an inevitable reaction has introduced pallid sub-aqueous treatments [of stained-glass windows], less obstructive to light but lacking all the ancient warmth and liveliness.

1990 J. M. Coetzee Age of Iron ii. 71 There is something stupid about him, something deliberately stupid, obstructive, intractable.

B. n.

†1. Something which obstructs; a hindrance. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > [noun] > one who or that which hinders

hinderer1532

obstructive1642

impedient1661

stinter1694

inhibitor1902

1642 Bp. J. Taylor Of Sacred Order Episcopacy 4 Episcopacy..was instituted as an obstructive to the diffusion of Schisme and Heresy.

1654 H. Hammond Of Fund. in Notion xiii. 120 The second obstructive..is that of the Fiduciarie.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxvii. 218 The leading mule..proved a mere obstructive.

2. A person who obstructs, esp. one who delays progress. Usually in plural. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > [noun] > one who or that which hinders > a hindrance, impediment, or obstacle > person

letterc1390

interrupter1511

blancher1548

crosser1565

dog in the manger1573

thwarter1633

obstructer1647

obstructor1647

obstructive1835

filibusterer1856

1835 C. Lofft Whigs 22 The obstructives talk loudly and largely of collecting their strength.

1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits xv. 261 The people are familiarized with the reason of reform, and, one by one, take away every argument of the obstructives.

a1884 M. Pattison Mem. (1885) 239 Every Oxford man was a Liberal, even those whom nature had palpably destined for obstructives.

1917 N.E.D. at Stonewall sb. Parliamentary obstruction, or a body of obstructives.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	obstructive
释义	obstructiveadj.n. Brit. /əbˈstrʌktɪv/, U.S. /əbˈstrəktɪv/, /ɑbˈstrəktɪv/ Forms: 1500s–1600s obstructiue, 1600s– obstructive. Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French obstructif; Latin obstructivus. Etymology: Either < Middle French, French obstructif causing obstruction (1539 in medical sense; < classical Latin obstruct- , past participial stem of obstruere (see obstruct v.) + French -if -ive suffix), or < post-classical Latin obstructivus that blocks passage to (13th cent. in a British source), causing obstruction (1529 in medical use in a French source; < classical Latin obstruct- , past participial stem of obstruere + -īvus -ive suffix). A. adj. 1. Medicine. Causing obstruction of a body passage, esp. the gastrointestinal, urinary, biliary, or respiratory tract; caused or characterized by such obstruction. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > [adjective] > obstruction oppilate?a1425 impedite1544 oppilated1577 obstructive1583 stuffed1584 stopped-up?1611 oppilating1620 obstructed1662 congestive1846 infarcted1889 1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke iv. iv. 179 Obstruction and abundance of obstructiue humours. 1620 T. Venner Via Recta v. 89 It..abstergeth obstructiue humours in the stomacke. 1670 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 5 2010 'Tis used..in those Diseases, in which are to be discharged by siege and Urine, hot, sharp, cholerick and obstructive humors. 1876 J. S. Bristowe Treat. Theory & Pract. Med. ii. iv. 492 Valvular defects may be of two kinds; they may be obstructive..; or they may be such as to admit of regurgitation. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. IV. 395 Obstructive suppression may forbid the exit of the urine..after it has been completely formed by the kidneys. 1949 J. L. Kantor & A. M. Kasich Handbk. Digestive Dis. (ed. 2) xvii. 415 The hepato~cellular and the obstructive forms of jaundice make up more than 95 per cent of the cases encountered in clinical practice. 1963 Science 30 Aug. 814/3 The development of techniques to visualize obstructive lesions of the renal arteries in hypertensive patients. 1984 Chest 85 59 Thirty-seven patients with dyspnea, clinical chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and abnormal pulmonary function tests demonstrating an obstructive airways pattern. 2003 N.Y. Times Mag. 2 Feb. 34/2 In the morning he remembers nothing of this ‘confusional arousal’ triggered by obstructive sleep apnea. 2. More generally: causing obstruction; constituting an obstruction; tending to obstruct. Frequently with of, to. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > [adjective] hindering1390 catching?a1430 lettingc1430 lumpering1519 thorter1533 impedient1596 thortersome1606 obstructive1611 obstructing1649 impeditive1651 impeding1717 obstruent1749 hindersome1881 obstructionary1881 hindranceful1889 inhibitive1899 counterproductive1959 the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > [adjective] > stopping up or blocking thorter1533 obturant1572 obstructive1611 occludent1851 obturating1884 occlusive1888 occluding1899 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Oppilatif, oppilatiue, obstructiue, stopping. 1649 G. Wither Opobalsamum Anglicanum 19/1 Who, have, by sitting long, Learn'd new contrivances, for doing wrong; And, such obstructive, and destructive waies, As were to us unknown in former daies. c1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 204 The King..knowing how obstructiue it would proue to his purpose, sent for Bishop Blackburne. 1695 J. Miller Descr. New York (1843) 12 Things..either wanting or obstructive to the happiness of New York. 1713 H. Prideaux Direct. Church-wardens (ed. 3) 65 Nothing is to be permitted there, which shall be..obstructive of it [sc. divine service]. a1777 W. Dodd Thoughts in Prison (1793) 120 Draw aside That veil from reason's clear reflecting view, Which practice long, and rectitude suppos'd Of laws establish'd, hath obstructive hung. 1817 T. Jefferson Let. 14 May in Writings (1984) 1407 The last change of government was fortunate, inasmuch as the new will be less obstructive to the effects of that advancement. 1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt II. xxx. 227 This angry haste..might some day..be obstructive of his own work. 1926 E. Bowen Ann Lee's 53 These shadows became distinct and powerful, obstructive. 1970 H. Braun Parish Churches xix. 228 During the last fifty years an inevitable reaction has introduced pallid sub-aqueous treatments [of stained-glass windows], less obstructive to light but lacking all the ancient warmth and liveliness. 1990 J. M. Coetzee Age of Iron ii. 71 There is something stupid about him, something deliberately stupid, obstructive, intractable. B. n. †1. Something which obstructs; a hindrance. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > [noun] > one who or that which hinders hinderer1532 obstructive1642 impedient1661 stinter1694 inhibitor1902 1642 Bp. J. Taylor Of Sacred Order Episcopacy 4 Episcopacy..was instituted as an obstructive to the diffusion of Schisme and Heresy. 1654 H. Hammond Of Fund. in Notion xiii. 120 The second obstructive..is that of the Fiduciarie. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxvii. 218 The leading mule..proved a mere obstructive. 2. A person who obstructs, esp. one who delays progress. Usually in plural. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > [noun] > one who or that which hinders > a hindrance, impediment, or obstacle > person letterc1390 interrupter1511 blancher1548 crosser1565 dog in the manger1573 thwarter1633 obstructer1647 obstructor1647 obstructive1835 filibusterer1856 1835 C. Lofft Whigs 22 The obstructives talk loudly and largely of collecting their strength. 1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits xv. 261 The people are familiarized with the reason of reform, and, one by one, take away every argument of the obstructives. a1884 M. Pattison Mem. (1885) 239 Every Oxford man was a Liberal, even those whom nature had palpably destined for obstructives. 1917 N.E.D. at Stonewall sb. Parliamentary obstruction, or a body of obstructives. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1583
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