hardboundadj.

Brit.

/ˈhɑːdbaʊnd/, U.S.

/ˈhɑrdˌbaʊnd/

Forms: see hard adv. and bound adj.²

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hard adv., bound adj.²

Etymology: < hard adv. + bound adj.²

a. Suffering from constipation. Cf. bound adj.² 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > excretory disorders > [adjective] > constipated

fastOE

costivea1400

hardbound?a1425

embowelled1486

encumber1486

bound1530

constipate1542

constipated1547

styptic1582

costic1595

belly-bound1607

restringenta1661

unmoved1810

confined1822

screwbound1837

impacted1844

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of nervous system > [adjective] > disorders of brain > other brain disorders

hardbound?a1425

bound1704

Wernicke1887

mind-blind1905

Alzheimer1911

Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome1934

brain-damaged1946

kernicteric1956

brain-dead1972

C-J1972

hypsarrhythmic1977

flatline1978

Creutzfeldt–Jakob1987

the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > [adjective] > hindering or retarding > hindered or retarded > as if constipated

hardbound?a1425

bound1704

constipated1891

?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 39 (MED) Yf ther of to stronge men v peny wight, to febler and to harde boundyn men more, and to lasse bound men less.

1596 P. Levens Right Profitable Bk. All Diseases (rev. ed.) f. 78^v Make an oyntment therof, and therewith annoynt the hard-bound body.

1605 J. Marston Dutch Courtezan i. ii. sig. B2 A hard bound Philosopher, when he is on the stoole, lookes like a tyrant.

1659 J. Tanner Hidden Treasures Art Physick (2nd Table) sig. Mm^v Costiveness, is when the body is hard bound, and seldom goeth to stool.

1714 J. Purcell Treat. Cholick iii. 104 The Patient..is generally hard bound, and goes naturally but once in three or four days to Stool.

1755 N. Robinson Ess. Gout iii. 37 The Patient..is generally costive, and often labours under a hard-bound Body.

1800 Sportsman's Dict. (new ed.) at Hunting-horse If you perceive by his dung that his body is distempered, and that he is hard bound, then take some crumbs of your rye-bread [etc.].

1907 A. Schröer Grieb's Dict. Eng. & Ger. Langs. (ed. 11) 471/2 Hartleibig, costive, hard-bound.

1981 Stand Mag. Mar. 54 The ninth picture..shows a naked hunchbacked Dunes hard-bound on a close-stool.

2009 Irish Times (Nexis) 21 July 9 She is not hard bound but seems to have a psychological problem with the toilet procedure.

b. figurative. Slow to function; reluctant in speech or action. Cf. costive adj. 2. rare after early 19th cent.In quot. a1652: reluctant to part with money; cf. costive adj. 2a(a).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > taciturnity or reticence > [adjective] > unwilling to speak

costive1594

hardbound1612

obmutescent1799

unspeakable1888

1612 N. Field Woman a Weather-cocke iii. sig. F3 Lord how hee labours, like a hard bounde Poet, whose braines had a frost in em.

a1652 R. Brome Damoiselle ii. i. sig. C4^v in Five New Playes (1653) Oh how I love a hard-bound Money-master, Whose count'nance shewes how loath hee is to part with't!

1735 A. Pope Epist. to Arbuthnot (new ed.) 182 The Bard..strains, from hard-bound brains, eight lines a year.

1761 P. Moculloch Murphiad 14 The dregs and squeezings of a hard-bound Muse.

1789 London Oracle 17 June He had been extremely costive—hard bound—and..he had fought very shy to the questions put to him.

1815 Monthly Mag. July 537/1 Rack his hard bound brains For the unexpected turn.

1906 Outlook 24 Feb. 23/1 The most frigid process of preparation by which phrases can be extracted from a hard-bound wit.

2. Of a book: bound in stiff covers; hardbacked. Cf. paperbound adj. rare before 20th cent. and now chiefly U.S.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > book > kind of book > book of specific form or colour > [adjective] > having specific type of cover > hard

hard-covered1820

boarded1842

casebound1890

hardback1904

hardbacked1906

hardbound1906

hard-shelled1907

hardcover1939

hard-cased1951

1906 Inland Printer July 523/1 A sewed book, having its first and last sections reinforced before gathering and then covered in the above described manner, will be as strong as a hard bound book.

1946 Publishers' Weekly 5 Oct. 1971/1 Several publishers of hard-bound reprints offer new series or expanded ones.

2003 J. Lahiri Namesake (2004) i. 13 He carried..a hardbound collection of short stories by Nikolai Gogol.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hardbound
释义	hardboundadj. Brit. /ˈhɑːdbaʊnd/, U.S. /ˈhɑrdˌbaʊnd/ Forms: see hard adv. and bound adj.² Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hard adv., bound adj.² Etymology: < hard adv. + bound adj.² 1. a. Suffering from constipation. Cf. bound adj.² 3. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > excretory disorders > [adjective] > constipated fastOE costivea1400 hardbound?a1425 embowelled1486 encumber1486 bound1530 constipate1542 constipated1547 styptic1582 costic1595 belly-bound1607 restringenta1661 unmoved1810 confined1822 screwbound1837 impacted1844 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of nervous system > [adjective] > disorders of brain > other brain disorders hardbound?a1425 bound1704 Wernicke1887 mind-blind1905 Alzheimer1911 Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome1934 brain-damaged1946 kernicteric1956 brain-dead1972 C-J1972 hypsarrhythmic1977 flatline1978 Creutzfeldt–Jakob1987 the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > [adjective] > hindering or retarding > hindered or retarded > as if constipated hardbound?a1425 bound1704 constipated1891 ?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 39 (MED) Yf ther of to stronge men v peny wight, to febler and to harde boundyn men more, and to lasse bound men less. 1596 P. Levens Right Profitable Bk. All Diseases (rev. ed.) f. 78^v Make an oyntment therof, and therewith annoynt the hard-bound body. 1605 J. Marston Dutch Courtezan i. ii. sig. B2 A hard bound Philosopher, when he is on the stoole, lookes like a tyrant. 1659 J. Tanner Hidden Treasures Art Physick (2nd Table) sig. Mm^v Costiveness, is when the body is hard bound, and seldom goeth to stool. 1714 J. Purcell Treat. Cholick iii. 104 The Patient..is generally hard bound, and goes naturally but once in three or four days to Stool. 1755 N. Robinson Ess. Gout iii. 37 The Patient..is generally costive, and often labours under a hard-bound Body. 1800 Sportsman's Dict. (new ed.) at Hunting-horse If you perceive by his dung that his body is distempered, and that he is hard bound, then take some crumbs of your rye-bread [etc.]. 1907 A. Schröer Grieb's Dict. Eng. & Ger. Langs. (ed. 11) 471/2 Hartleibig, costive, hard-bound. 1981 Stand Mag. Mar. 54 The ninth picture..shows a naked hunchbacked Dunes hard-bound on a close-stool. 2009 Irish Times (Nexis) 21 July 9 She is not hard bound but seems to have a psychological problem with the toilet procedure. b. figurative. Slow to function; reluctant in speech or action. Cf. costive adj. 2. rare after early 19th cent.In quot. a1652: reluctant to part with money; cf. costive adj. 2a(a). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > taciturnity or reticence > [adjective] > unwilling to speak costive1594 hardbound1612 obmutescent1799 unspeakable1888 1612 N. Field Woman a Weather-cocke iii. sig. F3 Lord how hee labours, like a hard bounde Poet, whose braines had a frost in em. a1652 R. Brome Damoiselle ii. i. sig. C4^v in Five New Playes (1653) Oh how I love a hard-bound Money-master, Whose count'nance shewes how loath hee is to part with't! 1735 A. Pope Epist. to Arbuthnot (new ed.) 182 The Bard..strains, from hard-bound brains, eight lines a year. 1761 P. Moculloch Murphiad 14 The dregs and squeezings of a hard-bound Muse. 1789 London Oracle 17 June He had been extremely costive—hard bound—and..he had fought very shy to the questions put to him. 1815 Monthly Mag. July 537/1 Rack his hard bound brains For the unexpected turn. 1906 Outlook 24 Feb. 23/1 The most frigid process of preparation by which phrases can be extracted from a hard-bound wit. 2. Of a book: bound in stiff covers; hardbacked. Cf. paperbound adj. rare before 20th cent. and now chiefly U.S. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > kind of book > book of specific form or colour > [adjective] > having specific type of cover > hard hard-covered1820 boarded1842 casebound1890 hardback1904 hardbacked1906 hardbound1906 hard-shelled1907 hardcover1939 hard-cased1951 1906 Inland Printer July 523/1 A sewed book, having its first and last sections reinforced before gathering and then covered in the above described manner, will be as strong as a hard bound book. 1946 Publishers' Weekly 5 Oct. 1971/1 Several publishers of hard-bound reprints offer new series or expanded ones. 2003 J. Lahiri Namesake (2004) i. 13 He carried..a hardbound collection of short stories by Nikolai Gogol. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.?a1425
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