nyctalopian.

Brit.

/ˌnɪktəˈləʊpɪə/, U.S.

/ˌnɪktəˈloʊpiə/

Forms: 1600s– nyctalopia, 1800s nychtalopia (rare).

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin nyctalopia.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin nyctalopia night blindness, day blindness (a636 in Isidore) < Byzantine Greek νυκταλωπία night blindness (6th cent.) < ancient Greek νυκτάλωπ- , νυκτάλωψ nyctalops n. + -ία -ia suffix¹. Compare French nyctalopie (1666 in sense 1, 1721 in sense 2), Portuguese nyctalopia (1781), Spanish nictalopía (1787 as nictalopia ), Italian nictalopia (1834; 1821 as nittalopia ). Compare earlier nyctalops n., nyctalopy n.The confusion in the interpretation of this word (compare nyctalops n.) has also extended to the converse term: see hemeralopia n.

Chiefly Medicine.

1. Reduction or loss of vision in dim light; night blindness.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > disordered vision > [noun] > blindness > night blindness

night-blindness1625

nyctalops1661

nyctalopy1661

nyctalopia1684

day sight1811

1684 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 14 563 The case now mention'd [of a man whose vision fails by night]..is call'd by later Writers Nyctalopia.

1684 tr. S. Blankaart Physical Dict. 208 Nyctalopia is two-fold: the first is a Dimness of Sight in the Night, or in dark Places, without any Impediment in the Light.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Nyctalopia, or Nocturna Cæcitas, a Disease of the Eyes, which prevents their seeing, when the Sun is set, and the Light begins to diminish.

1764 W. India Dis. 60 Of the Nyctalopia. I never saw the Hemeralopia in the West-Indies; but the night-blindness I have seen there.

1806 W. Heberden Comm. Hist. & Cure Dis. (ed. 3) lxvi. 328 A blindness will also come and go..unlike the nychtalopia, which returns every night.

1814 R. W. Bampfield in Medico-chirurg. Trans. 5 32 (title) A practical essay on Hemeralopia, or night blindness, commonly called nyctalopia.

1880 J. W. Legg On Bile 379 Xanthopsy and nyctalopia are thought by some to be very bad signs.

1920 A. F. Hess Scurvy Past & Present vii. 182 A peculiar symptom reported in connection with numerous epidemics of scurvy..is nyctalopia or night-blindness. The patients..have very little vision as soon as darkness develops.

1955 W. Gaddis Recognitions ii. i. 289 His trouble had been diagnosed as nyctalopia, caused..by a vitamin deficiency.

1991 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88 9370 Retinitis pigmentosa is the name given to a group of hereditary degenerative diseases of the retina characterized in their early stages by nyctalopia.

2. The ability to see better at night or in dim light; day-blindness; hemeralopia. Also in extended use. Now rare or historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > disordered vision > [noun] > blindness > night-sight or day-blindness

nyctalopia1684

hemeralopia1706

night-sight1822

1684 tr. S. Blankaart Physical Dict. 208 Nyctalopia is two-fold: the first is a Dimness of Sight in the Night..: The other is a Dimness in the Light, and clear Sight in the Night, or in Shades.

1826 Lancet 29 July 547/1 He may be blind during the greater part of the day, and able to see only toward the approach of night, the cæcitas diurna, or nyctalopia.

1841 R. G. Latham Eng. Lang. i. vii. 98 To those writers..I apply the term Nyctalopia (the power of seeing best in the dark), applied by a writer in one of the periodicals to similar Etymologists.

1900 G. M. Gould & W. L. Pyle Anomalies & Curiosities Med. x. 536 Nyctalopia etymologically means night-blindness, but the general usage, making the term mean night-vision, is so strongly intrenched that it is useless and confusing to attempt any reinstatement of the old significance.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	nyctalopia
释义	nyctalopian. Brit. /ˌnɪktəˈləʊpɪə/, U.S. /ˌnɪktəˈloʊpiə/ Forms: 1600s– nyctalopia, 1800s nychtalopia (rare). Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin nyctalopia. Etymology: < post-classical Latin nyctalopia night blindness, day blindness (a636 in Isidore) < Byzantine Greek νυκταλωπία night blindness (6th cent.) < ancient Greek νυκτάλωπ- , νυκτάλωψ nyctalops n. + -ία -ia suffix¹. Compare French nyctalopie (1666 in sense 1, 1721 in sense 2), Portuguese nyctalopia (1781), Spanish nictalopía (1787 as nictalopia ), Italian nictalopia (1834; 1821 as nittalopia ). Compare earlier nyctalops n., nyctalopy n.The confusion in the interpretation of this word (compare nyctalops n.) has also extended to the converse term: see hemeralopia n. Chiefly Medicine. 1. Reduction or loss of vision in dim light; night blindness. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > disordered vision > [noun] > blindness > night blindness night-blindness1625 nyctalops1661 nyctalopy1661 nyctalopia1684 day sight1811 1684 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 14 563 The case now mention'd [of a man whose vision fails by night]..is call'd by later Writers Nyctalopia. 1684 tr. S. Blankaart Physical Dict. 208 Nyctalopia is two-fold: the first is a Dimness of Sight in the Night, or in dark Places, without any Impediment in the Light. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Nyctalopia, or Nocturna Cæcitas, a Disease of the Eyes, which prevents their seeing, when the Sun is set, and the Light begins to diminish. 1764 W. India Dis. 60 Of the Nyctalopia. I never saw the Hemeralopia in the West-Indies; but the night-blindness I have seen there. 1806 W. Heberden Comm. Hist. & Cure Dis. (ed. 3) lxvi. 328 A blindness will also come and go..unlike the nychtalopia, which returns every night. 1814 R. W. Bampfield in Medico-chirurg. Trans. 5 32 (title) A practical essay on Hemeralopia, or night blindness, commonly called nyctalopia. 1880 J. W. Legg On Bile 379 Xanthopsy and nyctalopia are thought by some to be very bad signs. 1920 A. F. Hess Scurvy Past & Present vii. 182 A peculiar symptom reported in connection with numerous epidemics of scurvy..is nyctalopia or night-blindness. The patients..have very little vision as soon as darkness develops. 1955 W. Gaddis Recognitions ii. i. 289 His trouble had been diagnosed as nyctalopia, caused..by a vitamin deficiency. 1991 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88 9370 Retinitis pigmentosa is the name given to a group of hereditary degenerative diseases of the retina characterized in their early stages by nyctalopia. 2. The ability to see better at night or in dim light; day-blindness; hemeralopia. Also in extended use. Now rare or historical. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > disordered vision > [noun] > blindness > night-sight or day-blindness nyctalopia1684 hemeralopia1706 night-sight1822 1684 tr. S. Blankaart Physical Dict. 208 Nyctalopia is two-fold: the first is a Dimness of Sight in the Night..: The other is a Dimness in the Light, and clear Sight in the Night, or in Shades. 1826 Lancet 29 July 547/1 He may be blind during the greater part of the day, and able to see only toward the approach of night, the cæcitas diurna, or nyctalopia. 1841 R. G. Latham Eng. Lang. i. vii. 98 To those writers..I apply the term Nyctalopia (the power of seeing best in the dark), applied by a writer in one of the periodicals to similar Etymologists. 1900 G. M. Gould & W. L. Pyle Anomalies & Curiosities Med. x. 536 Nyctalopia etymologically means night-blindness, but the general usage, making the term mean night-vision, is so strongly intrenched that it is useless and confusing to attempt any reinstatement of the old significance. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1684
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