Old Englishn.adj.

Brit.

/ˌəʊld ˈɪŋ(ɡ)lɪʃ/, U.S.

/ˌoʊld ˈɪŋ(ɡ)lɪʃ/

Forms: see old adj. and English adj. and n. Also with lower-case initial in the first element.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: old adj., English n.

Etymology: As noun < old adj. + English n. As adjective < old adj. + English adj.In specific use in senses A. 1 and B. 1 after German altenglisch, adjective (J. Grimm Deutsche Grammatik (1819) I. 106, 524) in the sense ‘early Middle English’, coined by Grimm as one of a series of terms denoting analogous periods in the Germanic languages (see old adj. Compounds 7). Compare Middle English n.

A. n.

1. The English language of an earlier period; (now) spec. the language in use until around 1150. Cf. Middle English n.Prior to the late 19th cent. (see quot. 1871), Old English was sometimes used for (esp. early) Middle English, and the older period was frequently termed Anglo-Saxon.Old English is distinguished from Middle English in having a fully inflected grammar and relatively few direct lexical borrowings from French and Latin.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > English > Old English

Saxon1390

Saxonish1549

English-Saxona1669

Anglo-Saxon1678

OE1868

Old English1871

pre-English1920

c1225 (?c1200) St. Margaret (Bodl.) (1934) 52 (MED) I þe moneð þet ure ledene, þet is ald Englis [c1225 Royal ald Englisch], Efterliðe inempnet, & Iulium o Latin.

a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 7671 Yn a prouerbe of olde englys.

1402 Reply Friar Daw Topias in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1861) II. 59 On old Englis it is said, unkissid is unknowun.

1546 Bp. S. Gardiner Declar. True Articles 88 Baptisme y^e sacrament of birth of y^e spirite, as ye speake, in newe englyssh, and of the holly goost as the olde english turned it.

?1576 A. Hall Let. touchyng Priuate Quarell sig. Dij^v S. Edward in his lawes appointed also two kinds of Folkmotes, which were giuen notice of by the ringing of belles, in olde Englishe called Mothel.

1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas Coshe or Coterell in old English, is the same that a Cottage, or a little house.

1659 H. L'Estrange Alliance Divine Offices 302 The thirtieth [day] (called therefore..in old English the Months-mind, in after times the Trental).

1701 W. Kennett Cowell's Interpreter (new ed.) at Lowbellers This name is derived from the word Low, which in the Saxon, or old English, signifies a Flame of Fire.

1760–5 R. Burn Eccl. Law (1785) I. 2 Acolythus, ἀκολουθος, in our old English called a colet.

1782 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music II. 139 What has since been called Counterpoint, or, in old English, Faburden.

1869 A. J. Ellis On Early Eng. Pronunc. I. iv. 292 So in old high German, and old English we find ine for ih ne, ic ne.

1871 H. Sweet King Alfred's Version of Gregory's Pastoral Care pref. p. v I use ‘Old English’ throughout this work to denote the unmixed, inflectional stage of the English language, commonly known by the barbarous and unmeaning title of ‘Anglo-Saxon’.

1879 H. Sweet in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1877–9 377 It is a relief to turn to Germany, where Old and Middle English are not regarded as ‘fringes’.

1933 L. Bloomfield Lang. i. 17 By comparing our records of Old English (say, in the writings of King Alfred) with modern English, we can see how English has changed in the last thousand years.

1999 Independent 5 June ii. 9/6 Gerald Gardner was soon initiated into this coven himself, earning the right to call himself a Wiccan—Old English for a witch.

2001 Guardian 26 May (Saturday section) 3/1 Old English was itself a mixture of Frisian, Anglian and various Saxon dialects.

2. Irish History. With plural agreement. With the. People living in Ireland descended from (chiefly Anglo-Norman) settlers who came to Ireland from England during the Middle Ages; distinguished from the English who settled in Ireland during the 16th cent., or their descendants.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Irish > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Ireland > descended from Anglo-Normans

Old Englisha1599

Fitz1848

a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 39 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) The old English also which there remayneth, have gotten up their cryes Scythian-like... And here also lyeth open an other manifest proofe, that the Irish bee Scythes or Scots.

1646 Reply to Mr Thomas Chaloners Speech 13 We protest and vow not to harbour or entertain in our breasts any odious antipathie or unnatural distinction between the ancient Irish and the ould or new English.]

1682 P. Walsh Prospect State Ireland 5 The one called by themselves the Ancient Irish, the other the Old English, or English Irish.

1700 (title) A short memorial humbly offered on behalf of the Old English of Ireland praying to be govern'd by the Parliament of England.

1985 P. Cockburn Figure of Eight i. 13 Like most of the ‘Old English’ who had arrived [in Ireland]..before the Reformation, they still maintained the old Faith.

1992 T. Healy New Latitudes 99 The Old English, descendants of settlers who had come over with the first wave of English conquest during the Middle Ages.

3. Typography. A black letter typeface with oblique stress, resembling that used by early English printers; now occasionally employed for ornamental purposes.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > style of type > [noun] > type face or font > black letter or Gothic > types of

German text1658

secretary1770

lettre bâtarde1822

bastarda1840

Old English1849

Victoria black1888

Fraktur1904

Schwabacher1922

1849 E. C. Gaskell Let. 7 Dec. (1966) 94 Two birch-wood rocking chairs, with ‘Mina’ & ‘Sam’ carved in old English on the back of each.

1883 in A. Adburgham Shops & Shopping (1964) xix. 226 Woven ingrain red initial letters, old English style; whole names in old English or script.

1939 Sci. Monthly Oct. 311 The German and the Old English are monkish modifications of the Roman and are designated as ‘Gothic’ though they are not like the Gothic font of type used in printing.

1967 E. Chambers Photolitho-offset ii. 13 Text type faces are of the style worked almost exclusively by Gutenberg and are sometimes known as ‘Old English’.

4. An Old English sheepdog. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > sheepdog > [noun] > other types of

Old English sheepdog1890

Belgian sheepdog1901

Belgian Shepherd1901

briard1901

Calabrian1905

Groenendael1925

maremma1925

bouvier1934

Illyrian sheepdog1935

puli1936

Malinois1947

Tervueren1947

Owczarek1948

Old English1971

Aussie1972

1971 F. Hamilton World Encycl. Dogs 77 The Old English is quite unlike the Collie varieties of sheepdog.

B. adj.

1. Designating, belonging to, or written in the English language of an earlier period: see sense A. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Germanic > English > Old English

Saxony1565

English-Saxon1566

Old English?1566

Saxon1589

Anglo-Saxonic1672

Anglo-Saxona1675

Saxonic1678

?1566 in tr. Ælfric's Testimonie Antiq. Pref. f. 2^v The old Englishe or Saxon speech.

1579 W. Fulke Refut. Rastels Confut. in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 763 Prayers remaine still in the Saxon or old English tongue.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 556 It was called in the old English tongue Peac-lond, and is at this daie..named the Peake.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory i. 103/2 Our old English terms were..Maine for Hand. Meane Dexter for R. Hand.

1736 F. Drake Eboracum i. iv. 90 A farther Account..in old English rhymical verse.

1843 Proc. Philol. Soc. (1844) 1 73 We need not therefore feel surprise if sometimes the Old-English definite adjective takes en as a nominatival ending.

1879 Addr. Philol. Soc. 1 Contributions to Old English Phonology and Etymology.

1912 W. H. Stevenson in Eng. Hist. Rev. Jan. 22 The Old English dialects adhering to the older (Indo-Germanic) and more proper stem-composition.

1971 J. R. R. Tolkien Let. 25 Aug. (1995) 411 So far as his interest in Old English Poetry was due to me, this was derived from my public lectures.

2000 National Trust Mag. Spring 43/2 Some of the old floras speculate that farmers believed cowslips sprang spontaneously out of cowpats, hence the old English name, cu-sloppe.

2. Designating or relating to Anglo-Irish people descended from the English who settled in Ireland during the Middle Ages; see sense A. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Irish > [adjective] > descended from English

Old English1612

Anglo-Irish1810

1612 J. Davies Discouerie Causes Ireland 200 In that space of time, which was betweene the tenth yeare of king Edward the second, and the 30. yeare of King Edward the third (I speak within compasse)..all the old English Colonies..became degenerat.

1711 J. Swift Lett. (1767) III. 181 Pray observe the inhabitants about Wexford; they are old English.

1793 Ld. Fitzgibbon Speech 13 Mar. in W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Irel. 18th Cent. (1892) III. vi. 174 Great Britain must maintain her connection with Ireland, and she can maintain it only by maintaining and supporting the old English interest here.

1945 Studies (Dublin) 34 42 A vigorous defence of the Old English or Anglo-Irish party.

1985 J. Biggs-Davison & G. Chowdharay-Best Cross of St Patrick Introd. 8 Many of those reckoned as early champions of national independence were Anglo-Norman or Old English.

2008 Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. 18 170 The earl of Kildare, a Protestant of Old English descent, and Ireland's leading ‘Patriot’ peer.

3. Typography. Of a style resembling that used by early English printers. Cf. sense A. 3.

ΚΠ

1698 F. D. Pastorius New Primmer 3 Old English small and Capitals.

1701 M. Bull Let. 12 June in Private Corr. Samuel Pepys (1926) II. 230 There is no picture in it, nor any thing writt in capital or Roman letters, but all printed in the old english letter.

1886 Cent. Mag. Sept. 724/1 It holds the same relation to the contemporary character that the old English lettering holds to the modern English character.

1950 M. Allingham Mr. Campion & Others 191 The embossed address..in semi-Old English script.

1967 B. Copper No Flowers for General vii. 85 [There] was a large white-painted board. In black Old English lettering it said: Fitzgoerge [sic] Country Club.

1999 G. H. Douglas Golden Age of Newspaper 72 The paper's masthead was changed from Roman to Old English lettering.

a. In the names of breeds of birds and mammals that are considered to be old-fashioned or traditional, or to have a long history of domestication in England.

ΚΠ

1790 T. Bewick Gen. Hist. Quadrupeds (1824) 9 The old English Road-horse is a strong, vigorous, and active kind, capable of enduring great hardship.

1808 Sporting Mag. 30 41 A beautiful old English Springer.

1877 Field 14 Apr. 447/3 The Shires or Old English Cart Horse.

1972 Shooting Times 1 July 19/2 The Southern Caucasus pheasant (Old English black-neck).

1991 Choice Mar. 11/3 We had Indian Red Jungle Fowl and old English Game Fowl.

1993 National Trust Mag. Spring 10/1 Nine, long-haired, horned, Old English wild goats have been released by the Trust on to Bonchurch Down at Ventnor on the Isle of Wright.

b. Designating a breed of large, thickset sheepdog with a shaggy blue-grey and white coat, and a dog of this breed. Chiefly in Old English sheepdog.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > sheepdog > [noun] > other types of

Old English sheepdog1890

Belgian sheepdog1901

Belgian Shepherd1901

briard1901

Calabrian1905

Groenendael1925

maremma1925

bouvier1934

Illyrian sheepdog1935

puli1936

Malinois1947

Tervueren1947

Owczarek1948

Old English1971

Aussie1972

1890 R. B. Lee Hist. & Descr. Collie v. 81 The old English sheep dog was at one time pretty equally distributed through various parts of the kingdom.

1928 F. T. Barton Kennel Encycl. 313 The type of old English sheep-dog varies considerably in different counties.

1971 F. Hamilton World Encycl. Dogs 77 The Old English Sheepdog has been known as a distinct variety in Britain for at least two hundred years.

1986 V. Hearne Adam's Task (1987) iv. 89 A somewhat absentminded Old English Sheepdog meandered onto the course.

1999 Daily Tel. 11 June 13 (caption) Kell, the Old English mastiff, towers over a shih-tzu called Holly at home on Mr Scott's farm.

5. Designating an English style or design of an earlier period, or an object in such a style; spec. designating a style of cutlery made to a pattern used from the mid 18th cent., with plain shapes and flat stems spreading to rounded ends.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [adjective] > relating to type or pattern of cutlery

Old English1842

1842 Q. Rev. June 255 There are many neglected features in the Old English style, which might with peculiar propriety be restored in any new grounds laid out for public use.

1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 215/1 Nickel Silver, Old English Pattern, Spoons and Forks.

a1910 ‘M. Twain’ Autobiography (1925) II. 93 Her prized and precious old-English sugar bowl..was an heirloom in the family.

1973 Country Life 15 Feb. 389/3 William Bateman..was making Old English teaspoons as late as the 1820s, a decade after the fiddle pattern became fashionable.

2002 Which? Feb. 52/1 Victorian (c1830–1900) Eclectic, ranging from Gothic-revival based on medieval church architecture..to ‘Old English’-style timber beams and sash windows.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	old english
释义	Old Englishn.adj. Brit. /ˌəʊld ˈɪŋ(ɡ)lɪʃ/, U.S. /ˌoʊld ˈɪŋ(ɡ)lɪʃ/ Forms: see old adj. and English adj. and n. Also with lower-case initial in the first element. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: old adj., English n. Etymology: As noun < old adj. + English n. As adjective < old adj. + English adj.In specific use in senses A. 1 and B. 1 after German altenglisch, adjective (J. Grimm Deutsche Grammatik (1819) I. 106, 524) in the sense ‘early Middle English’, coined by Grimm as one of a series of terms denoting analogous periods in the Germanic languages (see old adj. Compounds 7). Compare Middle English n. A. n. 1. The English language of an earlier period; (now) spec. the language in use until around 1150. Cf. Middle English n.Prior to the late 19th cent. (see quot. 1871), Old English was sometimes used for (esp. early) Middle English, and the older period was frequently termed Anglo-Saxon.Old English is distinguished from Middle English in having a fully inflected grammar and relatively few direct lexical borrowings from French and Latin. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > English > Old English Saxon1390 Saxonish1549 English-Saxona1669 Anglo-Saxon1678 OE1868 Old English1871 pre-English1920 c1225 (?c1200) St. Margaret (Bodl.) (1934) 52 (MED) I þe moneð þet ure ledene, þet is ald Englis [c1225 Royal ald Englisch], Efterliðe inempnet, & Iulium o Latin. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 7671 Yn a prouerbe of olde englys. 1402 Reply Friar Daw Topias in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1861) II. 59 On old Englis it is said, unkissid is unknowun. 1546 Bp. S. Gardiner Declar. True Articles 88 Baptisme y^e sacrament of birth of y^e spirite, as ye speake, in newe englyssh, and of the holly goost as the olde english turned it. ?1576 A. Hall Let. touchyng Priuate Quarell sig. Dij^v S. Edward in his lawes appointed also two kinds of Folkmotes, which were giuen notice of by the ringing of belles, in olde Englishe called Mothel. 1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas Coshe or Coterell in old English, is the same that a Cottage, or a little house. 1659 H. L'Estrange Alliance Divine Offices 302 The thirtieth [day] (called therefore..in old English the Months-mind, in after times the Trental). 1701 W. Kennett Cowell's Interpreter (new ed.) at Lowbellers This name is derived from the word Low, which in the Saxon, or old English, signifies a Flame of Fire. 1760–5 R. Burn Eccl. Law (1785) I. 2 Acolythus, ἀκολουθος, in our old English called a colet. 1782 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music II. 139 What has since been called Counterpoint, or, in old English, Faburden. 1869 A. J. Ellis On Early Eng. Pronunc. I. iv. 292 So in old high German, and old English we find ine for ih ne, ic ne. 1871 H. Sweet King Alfred's Version of Gregory's Pastoral Care pref. p. v I use ‘Old English’ throughout this work to denote the unmixed, inflectional stage of the English language, commonly known by the barbarous and unmeaning title of ‘Anglo-Saxon’. 1879 H. Sweet in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1877–9 377 It is a relief to turn to Germany, where Old and Middle English are not regarded as ‘fringes’. 1933 L. Bloomfield Lang. i. 17 By comparing our records of Old English (say, in the writings of King Alfred) with modern English, we can see how English has changed in the last thousand years. 1999 Independent 5 June ii. 9/6 Gerald Gardner was soon initiated into this coven himself, earning the right to call himself a Wiccan—Old English for a witch. 2001 Guardian 26 May (Saturday section) 3/1 Old English was itself a mixture of Frisian, Anglian and various Saxon dialects. 2. Irish History. With plural agreement. With the. People living in Ireland descended from (chiefly Anglo-Norman) settlers who came to Ireland from England during the Middle Ages; distinguished from the English who settled in Ireland during the 16th cent., or their descendants. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Irish > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Ireland > descended from Anglo-Normans Old Englisha1599 Fitz1848 a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 39 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) The old English also which there remayneth, have gotten up their cryes Scythian-like... And here also lyeth open an other manifest proofe, that the Irish bee Scythes or Scots. 1646 Reply to Mr Thomas Chaloners Speech 13 We protest and vow not to harbour or entertain in our breasts any odious antipathie or unnatural distinction between the ancient Irish and the ould or new English.] 1682 P. Walsh Prospect State Ireland 5 The one called by themselves the Ancient Irish, the other the Old English, or English Irish. 1700 (title) A short memorial humbly offered on behalf of the Old English of Ireland praying to be govern'd by the Parliament of England. 1985 P. Cockburn Figure of Eight i. 13 Like most of the ‘Old English’ who had arrived [in Ireland]..before the Reformation, they still maintained the old Faith. 1992 T. Healy New Latitudes 99 The Old English, descendants of settlers who had come over with the first wave of English conquest during the Middle Ages. 3. Typography. A black letter typeface with oblique stress, resembling that used by early English printers; now occasionally employed for ornamental purposes. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > style of type > [noun] > type face or font > black letter or Gothic > types of German text1658 secretary1770 lettre bâtarde1822 bastarda1840 Old English1849 Victoria black1888 Fraktur1904 Schwabacher1922 1849 E. C. Gaskell Let. 7 Dec. (1966) 94 Two birch-wood rocking chairs, with ‘Mina’ & ‘Sam’ carved in old English on the back of each. 1883 in A. Adburgham Shops & Shopping (1964) xix. 226 Woven ingrain red initial letters, old English style; whole names in old English or script. 1939 Sci. Monthly Oct. 311 The German and the Old English are monkish modifications of the Roman and are designated as ‘Gothic’ though they are not like the Gothic font of type used in printing. 1967 E. Chambers Photolitho-offset ii. 13 Text type faces are of the style worked almost exclusively by Gutenberg and are sometimes known as ‘Old English’. 4. An Old English sheepdog. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > sheepdog > [noun] > other types of Old English sheepdog1890 Belgian sheepdog1901 Belgian Shepherd1901 briard1901 Calabrian1905 Groenendael1925 maremma1925 bouvier1934 Illyrian sheepdog1935 puli1936 Malinois1947 Tervueren1947 Owczarek1948 Old English1971 Aussie1972 1971 F. Hamilton World Encycl. Dogs 77 The Old English is quite unlike the Collie varieties of sheepdog. B. adj. 1. Designating, belonging to, or written in the English language of an earlier period: see sense A. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Germanic > English > Old English Saxony1565 English-Saxon1566 Old English?1566 Saxon1589 Anglo-Saxonic1672 Anglo-Saxona1675 Saxonic1678 ?1566 in tr. Ælfric's Testimonie Antiq. Pref. f. 2^v The old Englishe or Saxon speech. 1579 W. Fulke Refut. Rastels Confut. in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 763 Prayers remaine still in the Saxon or old English tongue. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 556 It was called in the old English tongue Peac-lond, and is at this daie..named the Peake. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory i. 103/2 Our old English terms were..Maine for Hand. Meane Dexter for R. Hand. 1736 F. Drake Eboracum i. iv. 90 A farther Account..in old English rhymical verse. 1843 Proc. Philol. Soc. (1844) 1 73 We need not therefore feel surprise if sometimes the Old-English definite adjective takes en as a nominatival ending. 1879 Addr. Philol. Soc. 1 Contributions to Old English Phonology and Etymology. 1912 W. H. Stevenson in Eng. Hist. Rev. Jan. 22 The Old English dialects adhering to the older (Indo-Germanic) and more proper stem-composition. 1971 J. R. R. Tolkien Let. 25 Aug. (1995) 411 So far as his interest in Old English Poetry was due to me, this was derived from my public lectures. 2000 National Trust Mag. Spring 43/2 Some of the old floras speculate that farmers believed cowslips sprang spontaneously out of cowpats, hence the old English name, cu-sloppe. 2. Designating or relating to Anglo-Irish people descended from the English who settled in Ireland during the Middle Ages; see sense A. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Irish > [adjective] > descended from English Old English1612 Anglo-Irish1810 1612 J. Davies Discouerie Causes Ireland 200 In that space of time, which was betweene the tenth yeare of king Edward the second, and the 30. yeare of King Edward the third (I speak within compasse)..all the old English Colonies..became degenerat. 1711 J. Swift Lett. (1767) III. 181 Pray observe the inhabitants about Wexford; they are old English. 1793 Ld. Fitzgibbon Speech 13 Mar. in W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Irel. 18th Cent. (1892) III. vi. 174 Great Britain must maintain her connection with Ireland, and she can maintain it only by maintaining and supporting the old English interest here. 1945 Studies (Dublin) 34 42 A vigorous defence of the Old English or Anglo-Irish party. 1985 J. Biggs-Davison & G. Chowdharay-Best Cross of St Patrick Introd. 8 Many of those reckoned as early champions of national independence were Anglo-Norman or Old English. 2008 Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. 18 170 The earl of Kildare, a Protestant of Old English descent, and Ireland's leading ‘Patriot’ peer. 3. Typography. Of a style resembling that used by early English printers. Cf. sense A. 3. ΚΠ 1698 F. D. Pastorius New Primmer 3 Old English small and Capitals. 1701 M. Bull Let. 12 June in Private Corr. Samuel Pepys (1926) II. 230 There is no picture in it, nor any thing writt in capital or Roman letters, but all printed in the old english letter. 1886 Cent. Mag. Sept. 724/1 It holds the same relation to the contemporary character that the old English lettering holds to the modern English character. 1950 M. Allingham Mr. Campion & Others 191 The embossed address..in semi-Old English script. 1967 B. Copper No Flowers for General vii. 85 [There] was a large white-painted board. In black Old English lettering it said: Fitzgoerge [sic] Country Club. 1999 G. H. Douglas Golden Age of Newspaper 72 The paper's masthead was changed from Roman to Old English lettering. 4. a. In the names of breeds of birds and mammals that are considered to be old-fashioned or traditional, or to have a long history of domestication in England. ΚΠ 1790 T. Bewick Gen. Hist. Quadrupeds (1824) 9 The old English Road-horse is a strong, vigorous, and active kind, capable of enduring great hardship. 1808 Sporting Mag. 30 41 A beautiful old English Springer. 1877 Field 14 Apr. 447/3 The Shires or Old English Cart Horse. 1972 Shooting Times 1 July 19/2 The Southern Caucasus pheasant (Old English black-neck). 1991 Choice Mar. 11/3 We had Indian Red Jungle Fowl and old English Game Fowl. 1993 National Trust Mag. Spring 10/1 Nine, long-haired, horned, Old English wild goats have been released by the Trust on to Bonchurch Down at Ventnor on the Isle of Wright. b. Designating a breed of large, thickset sheepdog with a shaggy blue-grey and white coat, and a dog of this breed. Chiefly in Old English sheepdog. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > sheepdog > [noun] > other types of Old English sheepdog1890 Belgian sheepdog1901 Belgian Shepherd1901 briard1901 Calabrian1905 Groenendael1925 maremma1925 bouvier1934 Illyrian sheepdog1935 puli1936 Malinois1947 Tervueren1947 Owczarek1948 Old English1971 Aussie1972 1890 R. B. Lee Hist. & Descr. Collie v. 81 The old English sheep dog was at one time pretty equally distributed through various parts of the kingdom. 1928 F. T. Barton Kennel Encycl. 313 The type of old English sheep-dog varies considerably in different counties. 1971 F. Hamilton World Encycl. Dogs 77 The Old English Sheepdog has been known as a distinct variety in Britain for at least two hundred years. 1986 V. Hearne Adam's Task (1987) iv. 89 A somewhat absentminded Old English Sheepdog meandered onto the course. 1999 Daily Tel. 11 June 13 (caption) Kell, the Old English mastiff, towers over a shih-tzu called Holly at home on Mr Scott's farm. 5. Designating an English style or design of an earlier period, or an object in such a style; spec. designating a style of cutlery made to a pattern used from the mid 18th cent., with plain shapes and flat stems spreading to rounded ends. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [adjective] > relating to type or pattern of cutlery Old English1842 1842 Q. Rev. June 255 There are many neglected features in the Old English style, which might with peculiar propriety be restored in any new grounds laid out for public use. 1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 215/1 Nickel Silver, Old English Pattern, Spoons and Forks. a1910 ‘M. Twain’ Autobiography (1925) II. 93 Her prized and precious old-English sugar bowl..was an heirloom in the family. 1973 Country Life 15 Feb. 389/3 William Bateman..was making Old English teaspoons as late as the 1820s, a decade after the fiddle pattern became fashionable. 2002 Which? Feb. 52/1 Victorian (c1830–1900) Eclectic, ranging from Gothic-revival based on medieval church architecture..to ‘Old English’-style timber beams and sash windows. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.c1225
随便看	transmissible transmission transmission control protocol transmission electron microscope transmission electron microscopy transmission line transmission loss transmission print transmission-gear transmissional transmissiongear transmissionist transmissions transmississippi transmississippian transmissive transmissively transmissiveness transmissivities transmissivity transmissometer transmissometers transmissory transmit transmit button