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单词 nuke
释义

nuken.1

Forms: late Middle English–1600s 1800s nuke, 1500s newke, 1600s nook.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin nucha.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin nucha nucha n. Compare earlier nucha n., and later nuche n., nuque n.
Obsolete.
1. The spinal cord.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > spinal cord > [noun]
nuchaa1398
nuke?a1425
nuche1528
minuca1577
spinal cord1836
myelon1846
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 47 (MED) The bak is..a talwy or a fleschy place byhynde..ordeyned of manye and dyuerse linkes yche after oþer to defende þe nuke.
?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Divv Holes..by the whiche descendeth the nuke of the brayne..tyll vnto the ende of the backe.
1543 B. Traheron tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. i. i. f. 2/1 The Nuke, whyche is the mary in the backe bone.
1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. Cxxxviv The synewes doth procede from the newke which is the mary of the backe.
2. The nape of the neck. Also nuke-bone.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > neck > [noun] > back of neck
napea1325
hattrelc1330
nolla1382
skull1382
polla1398
nape of the neck (also head)1440
noddle1547
niddick1558
nuke1562
nuque1578
nub1673
nod1695
cuff of the neck1740
nucha1768
scuff1787
scruff1790
scroop1850
kitchen1964
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > neck bone > [noun]
swire-bonec825
neckc1275
cannel-bonea1325
neck-bonec1330
nuke-bone1562
halse-bone1794
1562 W. Bullein Dial. Sorenes , in Bulwarke of Defence Cold is an enemie to the..braine, and nuke of the necke.
1588 J. Read tr. F. Arcaeus Compend. Method ii. vi. f. 51v Ye hinder part of ye neck, above the nuke.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Os basilaire, the Nape, or Nuke-bone.
1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. iii. i. 87 The backe part of the necke,..and the nuke or nape.
1659 J. Howell Vocab. §1. sig. Aaaaaa2 The nook of the neck; la nucca.
1676 R. Wiseman Severall Chirurg. Treat. iv. iv. 282 Those on the left side were then swelled from the Nuke down that side of the Neck.
1843 H. Ainsworth Windsor Castle iv. vi The head of the hart..from the extremity of the under-lip to the nuke.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

nuken.2adj.

Brit. /njuːk/, U.S. /n(j)uk/
Forms: 1900s– nook (U.S.), 1900s– nuc (U.S.), 1900s– nuke.
Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: nuclear adj.
Etymology: Shortened < nuclear adj., with spelling apparently after words in -uke.Chiefly after collocations of nuclear adj.; with senses A. 1 and A. 2 compare also slightly later nuclear adj. 2a, 2b.
colloquial (originally and chiefly U.S.).
A. n.2
1. A nuclear bomb, weapon, or warhead.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > [noun] > a particular species of weapon > nuclear
nuclear bomb1945
big boy1946
nuclear weapon1946
atomics1951
deterrent1954
nuke1958
nuclear1959
1955 Bull. Atomic Sc. Feb. 58 Strategic bombing with thermonukes may no longer be a valid military solution.]
1958 Time 27 Jan. 21 A mid-air accident in which the accident-proofed ‘nuc’ was jettisoned safely without explosion.
1964 Daily Mirror 24 Aug. 4/5 The generals should be allowed to decide whether to use tactical nuclear weapons, or as the current ugly phrase has it: ‘Where and when to put in the nooks.’
1973 Publishers Weekly 14 May 44/1 They hijack a liner at sea and sink it with a baby nuke... He is given the job of detonating the big nuke.
1985 T. O'Brien Nucl. Age ii. 29 I suddenly didn't give a damn about fallout or nukes.
2000 TVQuick 13 May 56/3 A pair of government agents on the trail of a stolen nuke that threatens to obliterate Manhattan.
2. A nuclear-powered ship or submarine.
ΚΠ
1960 Time 4 July 52/1 But the nuclear submarines—called ‘nukes’—can cruise underwater for weeks at top speed.
1977 Navy News 21 June (heading) Americans send ‘nukes’.
1986 N.Z. Listener 15 Feb. 21/3 It would be naive to expect the US to abandon its no-disclosure policy or to expect New Zealand to welcome ‘nukes’ into its harbours.
3. Originally Navy. A person who works with or is an expert in nuclear power, weapons, etc.
ΚΠ
1964 USS Long Beach 33 Engineering Department personnel are known as ‘snipes’ in the Navy, while those who have qualified in nuclear power are referred to as ‘Nukes’.
1971 J. Ball First Team (1972) xv. 224 ‘What is nukes?’ the man asked. ‘Nuclear specialists; no one else can handle this stuff.’
1984 T. Clancy Hunt for Red October 89 These guys are working sailors, nucs.
1998 S. Sontag et al. Blind Man's Bluff x. 228 The nukes, those men who worked the reactor, came running.
4. A nuclear power station.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical power, electricity > place of power generation > [noun]
powerhouse1870
power plant1871
installation1882
power station1887
substation1887
power centre1892
coal plant1894
power unit1904
nuke1969
1969 Business Week 20 Sept. 52 More than 100 nuclear plants are scheduled..despite some picketing and..reprints of a Life magazine article questioning the safety of ‘nukes’.
1976 Conservation News Sept. 7 Should we go for a low-energy future—no more nukes?
a1988 C. Adams More Straight Dope 91 Sayonara OPEC, and toodaloo to nukes.
B. adj. (attributive).
Of or relating to nuclear weapons or nuclear power.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > [adjective] > nuclear > relating to or using
atomic1946
thermonuclear1953
nuclear1954
nuke1976
1976 Austin (Texas) Amer.-Statesman 23 Sept. a4/2 (heading) Britain warned about nuke use.
1985 M. Ivins in Nation 23 Nov. 546/2 Suddenly from out of the nuke factory come two black four-wheel-drive vehicles.
1994 Star-Ledger (Newark, New Jersey) 20 Nov. i. 14/4 (heading) Nuke foes block tracks in Germany.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

nukev.

Brit. /njuːk/, U.S. /n(j)uk/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: nuke n.2
Etymology: < nuke n.2
colloquial (originally U.S.).
1. transitive. To attack or destroy with nuclear weapons.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > use or wield (a weapon) [verb (transitive)] > use nuclear weapons against
nuke1962
1962 in J. C. Pratt Vietnam Voices 121 No one's going to nuke Nam.
1972 Japan Times Weekly 23 Dec. 4/2 I asked how he could be sure that the Soviet Union would nuke us if we nuked China.
1984 M. Amis Money 38 Don't pussyfoot, don't wait for the war to escalate. Nuke them, right off.
1994 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 11 Aug. 32 (advt.) Vladimir Zhirinovsky won twenty-four percent of Russia's popular vote on a platform that included reclaiming Alaska and ‘nuking’ Japan.
2. transitive. figurative and in extended use. To destroy, get rid of; to ruin or devastate.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > damage or injure [verb (transitive)]
mareOE
shendOE
hinderc1000
amarOE
awemc1275
noyc1300
touchc1300
bleche1340
blemisha1375
spill1377
misdoa1387
grieve1390
damagea1400
despoil?a1400
matea1400
snapea1400
mankc1400
overthrowa1425
tamec1430
undermine1430
blunder1440
depaira1460
adommage?1473
endamage1477
prejudicec1487
fulyie1488
martyra1500
dyscrase?1504
corrupt1526
mangle1534
danger1538
destroy1542
spoil1563
ruinate1564
ruin1567
wrake1570
injury1579
bane1587
massacre1589
ravish1594
wrong1595
rifle1604
tainta1616
mutilea1618
to do violence toa1625
flaw1665
stun1676
quail1682
maul1694
moil1698
damnify1712
margullie1721
maul1782
buga1790
mux1806
queer1818
batter1840
puckeroo1840
rim-rack1841
pretty1868
garbage1899
savage1899
to do in1905
strafe1915
mash1924
blow1943
nuke1967
mung1969
1967 Current Slang 2 iii. (Gloss. U.S. Air Force Academy slang) 5 Nuke, to get revenge in a ‘big’ way.
1982 Time 8 Nov. 91/2 High school students say, ‘That English test really nuked me.’
1990 New Musical Express 13 Jan. 15/5 Nuke your record company! They are out to destroy you!
1994 Harrowsmith Apr. 38 It is the type of neighbourhood where lawn-care companies have traditionally fertilized the lawns four times a year and nuked the weeds.
3. transitive. To cook or heat up (food) in a microwave oven; (also, more generally) to expose to any form of radiation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > cook [verb (transitive)] > microwave
microcook1976
microwave1976
nuke1984
1984 Campus Slang in J. E. Lighter Hist. Dict. Amer. Slang (1997) II. 686/1 Nuke, cook something in a microwave oven: Nuke it—it'll only take a couple of minutes.
1988 Times 17 Aug. 10/1 He was down in radiotherapy before anyone could stop him. ‘Nuke me till I glow!’ he is said to have dared the technicians.
1993 Equinox (Camden East, Ont.) June 33/4 ‘This microwave can deliver energy to tissues more effectively than infrared lamps’... Naturally, there have been jokes about nuking your pigs and so on.
1997 Esquire July 29/1 She nukes some fish sticks and slaps in a Thomas the Tank Engine video to occupy little Ruby.

Derivatives

nuked adj.
ΚΠ
1987 Times 24 Apr. 19/2 Rambo's lesson that the only good Red is a nuked Red.
1996 Focus Apr. 64/3 That's not to say we won't wake up to a nuked planet tomorrow.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1?a1425n.2adj.1958v.1962
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