† northingn.¹adv.

Origin: Probably a borrowing from Norn.

Etymology: Probably < the unattested Norn reflex of the early Scandinavian word represented by Old Icelandic norðan (adverb) ‘from the north’ (see north adv., adj., and n.), with ending remodelled after -ing suffix¹, -ing suffix². Compare northen adj.

Scottish (Shetland) Obsolete. rare.

A. n.¹

The north.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > North > [noun] > part or place

Thulec888

northdealeOE

north halfeOE

northwardeOE

north endOE

northlandOE

northdalec1175

north sidec1275

northwardc1350

northa1500

northwards1574

norlanda1578

norwardc1612

northa1631

northing1644

1644 Hibbert Papers No. 13 in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) Whitther I sall come hame or gea to the Far[oes]..whall Otta com[is] from the northeing.

B. adv.

To the north; in a northerly direction.

ΚΠ

1667 in H. Paton Rep. Laing MSS (1914) I. 362 They are seen to the westward of Unst and northing of this isle.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online September 2019).

northingn.²

Brit.

/ˈnɔːθɪŋ/,

/ˈnɔːðɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈnɔrθɪŋ/,

/ˈnɔrðɪŋ/

Forms: also with capital initial.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: north adv., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < north adv. + -ing suffix¹. Compare easting n., southing n., westing n.

1. Cartography and Surveying. A distance north of a line or point of origin or a line of latitude; a number representing this, now often used as the second coordinate of a grid reference (cf. easting n. 2). Cf. southing n. 1, westing n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > surveying > [noun] > distances measured between points or lines

easting1652

northing1652

southing1652

westing1652

offset1725

vertical interval1885

horizontal equivalent1889

tangent distance1983

1652 H. Phillippes Geom. Sea-man 88 By this means without any trouble you shal plainly see the Easting and Westing, the Northing and Southing of your course.

1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. iv. iii. 154 Northing, Southing, Easting, and Westing,..is the Difference of Latitude and Departure from the Meridian.

1690 W. Leybourn Cursus mathematicus f. 641 You shall find 15.31 Leagues, for the Northing.

a1761 R. Gibson Treat. Pract. Surv. (1767) v. 219 The Difference of Latitude, or the Northing or Southing of any Stationary Line, is the Distance that one End of the Line is North or South from the other End.

1820 J. Gummere Treat. Surv. (ed. 3) ii. 115 In a true survey the sum of the northings and southings will be equal, and also those of the eastings and westings.

1902 J. Whitelaw Surveying ii. 93 The most accurate method of plotting is..to calculate the latitudes and departures, or northings, southings, eastings, westings, as they are also called, of each of the lines.

1938 Final Rep. Departmental Comm. Ordnance Surv. (Min. Agric. & Fisheries) 4 In the case of Farnham Castle keep (562,685 E. 126,897 N.) with a grid interval of 250 metres..the ‘Northings’ would be 147 units north of grid line 126,750.

1999 Caravan Mag. June 44/3 To locate this spot, turn to sheet 180—Barnstaple... Along the side look for the horizontal line 40—the Northing.

2. The action of a celestial object in reaching the northern section of the meridian circle, that is, the half of the great circle that passes from one celestial pole to the other through the northern point of the horizon; the time at which this occurs. Also: apparent movement of a celestial object towards the north.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > heavenly body > movement of heavenly bodies > [noun] > moving north

northing1666

1666 J. Wallis Let. 5 May in Corr. (2003) II. 215 As the Seamen call it, the Moons Southing, and Northing.

1692 J. Tulley Almanack for MDCXCII 1 Subtracting six hours (if going over the Pole) from their Northing tells the time of their being at East.

1745 Pennsylvania Gaz. 6 Dec. The Almanack may also have in it to use the Northings, Eastings and Westings (or Levellings) and Southings of Stars round the Pole, to measure Time, and often serve in Southings.

1808 J. Webster Elem. Nat. Philos. (new ed.) 225 When the moon has northing or southing the shade is elliptical.

1883 R. A. Proctor Great Pyramid iii. 139 The easting, southing, westing, and northing of heavenly bodies.

1922 H. G. Wells Short Hist. World xiii. 66 The seed-time sacrifice was linked up with the southing or northing of some prominent star.

3. Chiefly Nautical. Progress or deviation towards the north made in travelling; the amount of this. Frequently in to make (a specified amount of) northing.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > [noun] > to specific compass point

eastinga1605

westinga1605

northing1697

southing1697

south about1858

society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > [noun] > course > course made good in specific direction

eastinga1605

northing1697

southing1697

westing1726

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World x. 287 By the 17th of April we were got pretty near into the latitude of Guam, and our course then lying along that parallel, our Northing and Southing consequently were but little, according as the Ship deviated from its direct course.

1730 A. Patoun Compl. Treat. Pract. Navigation vii. 160 The Ship has differ'd her Latitude, or made of Northing 29.57 Minutes.

1782 Philos. Trans. 1781 (Royal Soc.) 71 340 The course we made good, therefore was W.N.W. which, on the distance run by noon next day, gave us about sixteen miles of northing.

1807 Z. M. Pike Acct. Exped. Sources Mississippi (1810) i. App. 12 The head of Lake Pepin is in 44° 58′ 8″ N. and we have made very little northing since.

1857 Ld. Dufferin Lett. from High Latitudes (ed. 3) 204 During the whole of that afternoon..we made but little Northing at all.

1934 A. H. R. Goldie Abercromby's Weather (rev. ed.) viii. 133–134 We should have to make 300 miles of northing and 155° of easting if we still wished to keep our thermometer at 60°.

1964 A. Sharp Anc. Voyagers in Polynesia 19 On courses with a predominant northing or southing component..the problem of longitude still remained.

2001 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 21 July (Going out section) l5 We..wanted to save our ‘northing’ in case the southwesterly winds became too strong to allow us to continue straight west.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	northing
释义	† northingn.¹adv. Origin: Probably a borrowing from Norn. Etymology: Probably < the unattested Norn reflex of the early Scandinavian word represented by Old Icelandic norðan (adverb) ‘from the north’ (see north adv., adj., and n.), with ending remodelled after -ing suffix¹, -ing suffix². Compare northen adj. Scottish (Shetland) Obsolete. rare. A. n.¹ The north. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > North > [noun] > part or place Thulec888 northdealeOE north halfeOE northwardeOE north endOE northlandOE northdalec1175 north sidec1275 northwardc1350 northa1500 northwards1574 norlanda1578 norwardc1612 northa1631 northing1644 1644 Hibbert Papers No. 13 in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) Whitther I sall come hame or gea to the Far[oes]..whall Otta com[is] from the northeing. B. adv. To the north; in a northerly direction. ΚΠ 1667 in H. Paton Rep. Laing MSS (1914) I. 362 They are seen to the westward of Unst and northing of this isle. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online September 2019). northingn.² Brit. /ˈnɔːθɪŋ/, /ˈnɔːðɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈnɔrθɪŋ/, /ˈnɔrðɪŋ/ Forms: also with capital initial. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: north adv., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < north adv. + -ing suffix¹. Compare easting n., southing n., westing n. 1. Cartography and Surveying. A distance north of a line or point of origin or a line of latitude; a number representing this, now often used as the second coordinate of a grid reference (cf. easting n. 2). Cf. southing n. 1, westing n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > surveying > [noun] > distances measured between points or lines easting1652 northing1652 southing1652 westing1652 offset1725 vertical interval1885 horizontal equivalent1889 tangent distance1983 1652 H. Phillippes Geom. Sea-man 88 By this means without any trouble you shal plainly see the Easting and Westing, the Northing and Southing of your course. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. iv. iii. 154 Northing, Southing, Easting, and Westing,..is the Difference of Latitude and Departure from the Meridian. 1690 W. Leybourn Cursus mathematicus f. 641 You shall find 15.31 Leagues, for the Northing. a1761 R. Gibson Treat. Pract. Surv. (1767) v. 219 The Difference of Latitude, or the Northing or Southing of any Stationary Line, is the Distance that one End of the Line is North or South from the other End. 1820 J. Gummere Treat. Surv. (ed. 3) ii. 115 In a true survey the sum of the northings and southings will be equal, and also those of the eastings and westings. 1902 J. Whitelaw Surveying ii. 93 The most accurate method of plotting is..to calculate the latitudes and departures, or northings, southings, eastings, westings, as they are also called, of each of the lines. 1938 Final Rep. Departmental Comm. Ordnance Surv. (Min. Agric. & Fisheries) 4 In the case of Farnham Castle keep (562,685 E. 126,897 N.) with a grid interval of 250 metres..the ‘Northings’ would be 147 units north of grid line 126,750. 1999 Caravan Mag. June 44/3 To locate this spot, turn to sheet 180—Barnstaple... Along the side look for the horizontal line 40—the Northing. 2. The action of a celestial object in reaching the northern section of the meridian circle, that is, the half of the great circle that passes from one celestial pole to the other through the northern point of the horizon; the time at which this occurs. Also: apparent movement of a celestial object towards the north. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > heavenly body > movement of heavenly bodies > [noun] > moving north northing1666 1666 J. Wallis Let. 5 May in Corr. (2003) II. 215 As the Seamen call it, the Moons Southing, and Northing. 1692 J. Tulley Almanack for MDCXCII 1 Subtracting six hours (if going over the Pole) from their Northing tells the time of their being at East. 1745 Pennsylvania Gaz. 6 Dec. The Almanack may also have in it to use the Northings, Eastings and Westings (or Levellings) and Southings of Stars round the Pole, to measure Time, and often serve in Southings. 1808 J. Webster Elem. Nat. Philos. (new ed.) 225 When the moon has northing or southing the shade is elliptical. 1883 R. A. Proctor Great Pyramid iii. 139 The easting, southing, westing, and northing of heavenly bodies. 1922 H. G. Wells Short Hist. World xiii. 66 The seed-time sacrifice was linked up with the southing or northing of some prominent star. 3. Chiefly Nautical. Progress or deviation towards the north made in travelling; the amount of this. Frequently in to make (a specified amount of) northing. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > [noun] > to specific compass point eastinga1605 westinga1605 northing1697 southing1697 south about1858 society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > [noun] > course > course made good in specific direction eastinga1605 northing1697 southing1697 westing1726 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World x. 287 By the 17th of April we were got pretty near into the latitude of Guam, and our course then lying along that parallel, our Northing and Southing consequently were but little, according as the Ship deviated from its direct course. 1730 A. Patoun Compl. Treat. Pract. Navigation vii. 160 The Ship has differ'd her Latitude, or made of Northing 29.57 Minutes. 1782 Philos. Trans. 1781 (Royal Soc.) 71 340 The course we made good, therefore was W.N.W. which, on the distance run by noon next day, gave us about sixteen miles of northing. 1807 Z. M. Pike Acct. Exped. Sources Mississippi (1810) i. App. 12 The head of Lake Pepin is in 44° 58′ 8″ N. and we have made very little northing since. 1857 Ld. Dufferin Lett. from High Latitudes (ed. 3) 204 During the whole of that afternoon..we made but little Northing at all. 1934 A. H. R. Goldie Abercromby's Weather (rev. ed.) viii. 133–134 We should have to make 300 miles of northing and 155° of easting if we still wished to keep our thermometer at 60°. 1964 A. Sharp Anc. Voyagers in Polynesia 19 On courses with a predominant northing or southing component..the problem of longitude still remained. 2001 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 21 July (Going out section) l5 We..wanted to save our ‘northing’ in case the southwesterly winds became too strong to allow us to continue straight west. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). northingadj. Brit. /ˈnɔːθɪŋ/, /ˈnɔːðɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈnɔrθɪŋ/, /ˈnɔrðɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: north v., -ing suffix². Etymology: < north v. + -ing suffix². Compare earlier northering adj. rare. Moving northwards. Cf. northering adj. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > sun > solar movement > [adjective] > moving towards the north northing1860 1860 R. F. Burton in Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 1859 29 207 Following the northing sun,..the rains reach Western India in June. 2003 www.angelfire.com 15 May (O.E.D. Archive) At last, evening rays of northing sun Graced their glow to reach where clock high hung. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹adv.1644n.²1652adj.1860
随便看	unstirred unstirring unstitch unstitched unstitches unstitching unstithe unstock unstocked unstocking unstockinged unstocks unstoic unstoken unstolen unstone unstonied unstoniness unstony unstooping unstop unstoppability unstoppable unstoppably unstopped

† northingn.1adv.

northingn.2

northingadj.

† northingn.¹adv.

northingn.²