nitrumn.

Brit.

/ˈnʌɪtrəm/, U.S.

/ˈnaɪtr(ə)m/

Forms: Old English nytrum, Middle English–1500s nitro, Middle English– nitrum.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin nitrum.

Etymology: < classical Latin nitrum nitre n.In form nitro after the Latin ablative singular.

Nitre; (spec. in early use) sodium carbonate (natron), washing soda (now historical). In later use: (Homeopathy) potassium nitrate (saltpetre).Cf. etymological note s.v. nitre n.† water nitrum n. Obsolete natural mineral water containing dissolved sodium carbonate.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > carbonates > [noun] > natron

nitrumOE

soda1558

salt sode1580

nitre1587

natron1684

anatron1706

natrum1748

natre1756

varec1844

natrium1924

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > nitrates > [noun] > potassium nitrate

nitrumOE

salpetrec1325

sal-nitre1416

saltpetre1501

peter in roche1554

salt nitre1601

nitre1617

roche petre1634

rock petre1667

Smyrna earth1735

nitre crystal1869

OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) cxxxvii. 178 Genim ðas ylcan wyrte & ysopan & nytrum & cærsan, cnuca tosomne ealle,..heo acwelleþ ða wyrmas.

?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 33 Wyrc þanne clydan of eorþan, þa mann nemneþ nitro, þa byþ fundan on Ytalia.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 203 Nitrum abateþ fattenes, if it is y-take in þe mouþe, and consumeþ and wasteþ gleymy humours.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 316^v Som [liquoures] cometh of veynes of þe erþe, as water of salt welles and water nitrum [L. aqua..nitrosa].

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 195 (MED) Frote him wiþ an oynement maad of armoniac & with þe sournes of citri, & nitro [L. nitro] is good þerfore.

c1475 Court of Sapience (Trin. Cambr.) (1927) 1040 (MED) The stoone Nitrum that helpeth to wassh clene.

a1500 in J. Evans & M. S. Serjeantson Eng. Mediaeval Lapidaries (1933) 113 (MED) Nitrum is a veyne of þe erþe.

1563 T. Gale Treat. Gonneshot (Stanf.) 2 b Nitrum helpeth the Collicke if it bee taken with cummyne in hydromell.

1601 R. Chester Loves Martyr 101 The Margarite, Lodestone, and the bright-ey'd Chrystall, Ligurius, Onix, Nitrum.

1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle II. xlviii. 81 He had mixed nothing in the soup but some sal armoniac instead of the ancient nitrum, which could not now be procured.

1766 Philos. Trans. 1765 (Royal Soc.) 55 58 It appears to be the natron or nitrum of the ancients, or, as it is sometimes called, the fossil alkali.

1854 J. C. Peters Treat. Dis. Married Females 53 A trituration and potency of Gunpowder has often proved more useful than Sulphur, Carbo and Nitrum used singly.

1859 N. F. Moore Anc. Mineral. 87 It [sc. coeruleum, a blue pigment] was made by reducing sand mingled with pure nitrum (subcarbonate of soda) to a fine powder..sprinkled with coarse copper filings.

c1866 C. Hering Dr. H. Gross' Compar. Mat. Med. p. xvii/1 Nitrum, trituration of the Nitrate of Potash, KO, NO₅. The nitre or saltpeter of the shops, purified according to Hahnemann's directions.

1940 G. H. J. Adlam & L. S. Price Higher School Certificate Inorg. Chem. (ed. 2) xxii. 171 In the sixteenth century the Arabs introduced the name ‘natron’ into Europe for sodium carbonate, as distinct from ‘nitrum’ for potassium nitrate.

1941 Man 41 123/1 The chrysocolla was mixed with verdigris, urine, and nitrum (carbonate of soda).

1964 Speculum 39 92 Albertus Magnus included borax and nitrum [in a list of stones].

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	nitrum
释义	nitrumn. Brit. /ˈnʌɪtrəm/, U.S. /ˈnaɪtr(ə)m/ Forms: Old English nytrum, Middle English–1500s nitro, Middle English– nitrum. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin nitrum. Etymology: < classical Latin nitrum nitre n.In form nitro after the Latin ablative singular. Nitre; (spec. in early use) sodium carbonate (natron), washing soda (now historical). In later use: (Homeopathy) potassium nitrate (saltpetre).Cf. etymological note s.v. nitre n.† water nitrum n. Obsolete natural mineral water containing dissolved sodium carbonate. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > carbonates > [noun] > natron nitrumOE soda1558 salt sode1580 nitre1587 natron1684 anatron1706 natrum1748 natre1756 varec1844 natrium1924 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > nitrates > [noun] > potassium nitrate nitrumOE salpetrec1325 sal-nitre1416 saltpetre1501 peter in roche1554 salt nitre1601 nitre1617 roche petre1634 rock petre1667 Smyrna earth1735 nitre crystal1869 OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) cxxxvii. 178 Genim ðas ylcan wyrte & ysopan & nytrum & cærsan, cnuca tosomne ealle,..heo acwelleþ ða wyrmas. ?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 33 Wyrc þanne clydan of eorþan, þa mann nemneþ nitro, þa byþ fundan on Ytalia. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 203 Nitrum abateþ fattenes, if it is y-take in þe mouþe, and consumeþ and wasteþ gleymy humours. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 316^v Som [liquoures] cometh of veynes of þe erþe, as water of salt welles and water nitrum [L. aqua..nitrosa]. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 195 (MED) Frote him wiþ an oynement maad of armoniac & with þe sournes of citri, & nitro [L. nitro] is good þerfore. c1475 Court of Sapience (Trin. Cambr.) (1927) 1040 (MED) The stoone Nitrum that helpeth to wassh clene. a1500 in J. Evans & M. S. Serjeantson Eng. Mediaeval Lapidaries (1933) 113 (MED) Nitrum is a veyne of þe erþe. 1563 T. Gale Treat. Gonneshot (Stanf.) 2 b Nitrum helpeth the Collicke if it bee taken with cummyne in hydromell. 1601 R. Chester Loves Martyr 101 The Margarite, Lodestone, and the bright-ey'd Chrystall, Ligurius, Onix, Nitrum. 1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle II. xlviii. 81 He had mixed nothing in the soup but some sal armoniac instead of the ancient nitrum, which could not now be procured. 1766 Philos. Trans. 1765 (Royal Soc.) 55 58 It appears to be the natron or nitrum of the ancients, or, as it is sometimes called, the fossil alkali. 1854 J. C. Peters Treat. Dis. Married Females 53 A trituration and potency of Gunpowder has often proved more useful than Sulphur, Carbo and Nitrum used singly. 1859 N. F. Moore Anc. Mineral. 87 It [sc. coeruleum, a blue pigment] was made by reducing sand mingled with pure nitrum (subcarbonate of soda) to a fine powder..sprinkled with coarse copper filings. c1866 C. Hering Dr. H. Gross' Compar. Mat. Med. p. xvii/1 Nitrum, trituration of the Nitrate of Potash, KO, NO₅. The nitre or saltpeter of the shops, purified according to Hahnemann's directions. 1940 G. H. J. Adlam & L. S. Price Higher School Certificate Inorg. Chem. (ed. 2) xxii. 171 In the sixteenth century the Arabs introduced the name ‘natron’ into Europe for sodium carbonate, as distinct from ‘nitrum’ for potassium nitrate. 1941 Man 41 123/1 The chrysocolla was mixed with verdigris, urine, and nitrum (carbonate of soda). 1964 Speculum 39 92 Albertus Magnus included borax and nitrum [in a list of stones]. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.OE
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