basaltn.

/bəˈsɔːlt/

/ˈbasɒlt/

Etymology: < Latin basaltes, (originally an African word, Pliny), long used in English unchanged.

Mineralogy.

1. A kind of trap rock; a greenish- or brownish-black rock, igneous in origin, of compact texture and considerable hardness, composed of augite or hornblende containing titaniferous magnetic iron and crystals of feldspar (labradorite), often lying in columnar strata, as at the Giant's Causeway in Ireland, and Fingal's Cave in the Hebrides. (Pliny's basaltes was probably a variety of Syenite.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > trap > basalt

basalt1601

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxvi. vii. §11 The Ægyptians also found in Æthyopia another kind of Marble which they call Basaltes, resembling yron as well in colour as hardnes.

1694 T. Molyneux in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 18 181 Our Irish Basaltes is composed of Columns.

1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France II. 364 Its composition seemed black basalt.

1813 H. Davy Elements Agric. Chem. iv. 170 Basalt or whinstone, which consists of feldspar and hornblende, with materials derived from the decomposition of the primary rocks.

1837 W. Irving Capt. Bonneville (1849) 317 Prismoids of basaltes, rising to the height of fifty or sixty feet.

1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. x. 217 The basalt is clearly nothing more than lava, which has flowed beneath the sea.

2. A black porcelain invented by Wedgwood.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > porcelain > English porcelain > by Wedgwood

Egyptian black1784

bamboo1787

jasper1825

jasper-pottery1825

basalt1832

jasper-ware1863

mortar ware1865

1832 G. R. Porter Treat. Manuf. Porcelain & Glass 17 Basaltes, or black ware..was a black porcelainous biscuit, having nearly the same properties as the natural stone.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as in basalt rock, basalt-building.

ΚΠ

1769 R. E. Raspe Let. 29 Nov. in Philos. Trans. 1771 (Royal Soc.) (1772) 61 580 Our basalt rocks differ from those of the Giant's Causeway.

1873 H. B. Tristram Land of Moab ix. 174 The basalt-building inhabitants.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

单词	basalt
释义	basaltn. /bəˈsɔːlt//ˈbasɒlt/ Etymology: < Latin basaltes, (originally an African word, Pliny), long used in English unchanged. Mineralogy. 1. A kind of trap rock; a greenish- or brownish-black rock, igneous in origin, of compact texture and considerable hardness, composed of augite or hornblende containing titaniferous magnetic iron and crystals of feldspar (labradorite), often lying in columnar strata, as at the Giant's Causeway in Ireland, and Fingal's Cave in the Hebrides. (Pliny's basaltes was probably a variety of Syenite.) ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > trap > basalt basalt1601 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxvi. vii. §11 The Ægyptians also found in Æthyopia another kind of Marble which they call Basaltes, resembling yron as well in colour as hardnes. 1694 T. Molyneux in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 18 181 Our Irish Basaltes is composed of Columns. 1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France II. 364 Its composition seemed black basalt. 1813 H. Davy Elements Agric. Chem. iv. 170 Basalt or whinstone, which consists of feldspar and hornblende, with materials derived from the decomposition of the primary rocks. 1837 W. Irving Capt. Bonneville (1849) 317 Prismoids of basaltes, rising to the height of fifty or sixty feet. 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. x. 217 The basalt is clearly nothing more than lava, which has flowed beneath the sea. 2. A black porcelain invented by Wedgwood. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > porcelain > English porcelain > by Wedgwood Egyptian black1784 bamboo1787 jasper1825 jasper-pottery1825 basalt1832 jasper-ware1863 mortar ware1865 1832 G. R. Porter Treat. Manuf. Porcelain & Glass 17 Basaltes, or black ware..was a black porcelainous biscuit, having nearly the same properties as the natural stone. Compounds attributive and in other combinations, as in basalt rock, basalt-building. ΚΠ 1769 R. E. Raspe Let. 29 Nov. in Philos. Trans. 1771 (Royal Soc.) (1772) 61 580 Our basalt rocks differ from those of the Giant's Causeway. 1873 H. B. Tristram Land of Moab ix. 174 The basalt-building inhabitants. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.1601
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